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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 NOTICE OF REMOVAL CV __________ ROBERT A. SIEGEL (S.B. #64604) [email protected] O’MELVENY & MYERS LLP 400 South Hope Street, 18th Floor Los Angeles, CA 90071-2899 Telephone: 213-430-6000 Facsimile: 213-430-6407 ADAM P. KOHSWEENEY (S.B. #229983) [email protected] SUSANNAH K. HOWARD (S.B. #291326) [email protected] KRISTIN M. MACDONNELL (S.B. #307124) [email protected] O'MELVENY & MYERS LLP Two Embarcadero Center San Francisco, CA 94111-3823 Telephone: 415-984-8912 Facsimile: 415-984-8701 Attorneys for Defendant American Airlines, Inc. UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA SAN JOSE DIVISION HASIM A. MOHAMMED, on behalf of himself, all others similarly situated Plaintiff, v. AMERICAN AIRLINES, INC., a Corporation; and DOES 1 through 50, inclusive, Defendants. Case No. CV __________ NOTICE OF REMOVAL OF DEFENDANT AMERICAN AIRLINES, INC. (28 U.S.C. §§ 1332(d), 1441(a)) (Santa Clara County Superior Court Case No. 19CV342788) Case 5:19-cv-01540 Document 1 Filed 03/25/19 Page 1 of 7

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Page 1: Case 5:19-cv-01540 Document 1 Filed 03/25/19 Page 1 of 7- 1 - notice of removal cv _____ to the honorable judges of the united states district court for the northern district of california

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NOTICE OF REMOVAL CV __________

ROBERT A. SIEGEL (S.B. #64604) [email protected] O’MELVENY & MYERS LLP 400 South Hope Street, 18th Floor Los Angeles, CA 90071-2899 Telephone: 213-430-6000 Facsimile: 213-430-6407

ADAM P. KOHSWEENEY (S.B. #229983) [email protected] SUSANNAH K. HOWARD (S.B. #291326) [email protected] KRISTIN M. MACDONNELL (S.B. #307124) [email protected] O'MELVENY & MYERS LLP Two Embarcadero Center San Francisco, CA 94111-3823 Telephone: 415-984-8912 Facsimile: 415-984-8701

Attorneys for Defendant American Airlines, Inc.

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

SAN JOSE DIVISION

HASIM A. MOHAMMED, on behalf of himself, all others similarly situated

Plaintiff,

v.

AMERICAN AIRLINES, INC., a Corporation; and DOES 1 through 50, inclusive,

Defendants.

Case No. CV __________

NOTICE OF REMOVAL OF DEFENDANT AMERICAN AIRLINES, INC.

(28 U.S.C. §§ 1332(d), 1441(a))

(Santa Clara County Superior Court Case No. 19CV342788)

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TO THE HONORABLE JUDGES OF THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR

THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA AND TO PLAINTIFF HASIM A.

MOHAMMED AND PLAINTIFF’S ATTORNEYS OF RECORD:

Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1332(d), 1441(1) and 1446, Defendant American Airlines, Inc.

(“American”) hereby files this Notice of Removal, removing this action brought by Plaintiff

Hasim A. Mohammed (“Plaintiff”) from the Superior Court of the State of California, County of

Santa Clara, where the action is currently pending, to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d),

as amended by the Class Action Fairness Act of 2005. American states the following grounds for

removal:

PROCEDURAL HISTORY AND TIMELINESS OF REMOVAL

1. On February 21, 2019, American received a Summons and Complaint that had

been filed on February 19, 2019, a true and correct copy of which is attached hereto collectively

as Exhibit A. The action was brought as a putative class action in the Superior Court of the State

of California, County of Santa Clara, styled and captioned exactly as above, and assigned Case

No. 19CV342788. On March 22, 2019, American filed an Answer to the Complaint in the

Superior Court of the State of California, County of Santa Clara, a copy of which is attached

hereto as Exhibit B. No other process, pleadings or orders have been filed and served in this

action, and no other defendant has been named or served.

2. The Complaint asserts six causes of action, predicated on alleged violations of

California’s meal and rest break, recordkeeping, and timeliness of wage payment laws. Plaintiff

seeks to bring these claims on behalf of a putative “Hourly Employee Class” defined as “[a]ll

persons employed by Defendants and/or any staffing agencies and/or any other third parties in

hourly or non-exempt positions in California during the Relevant Time Period.” (Ex. A ¶ 11.)1

1 The “Relevant Time Period” is alleged to be from February 19, 2015, to the date of final

judgment. (Ex. A ¶ 11.) Plaintiff also seeks to certify various subclasses, including a Meal

Period Subclass, a Rest Period Subclass, a Wage Statement Penalties Subclass, a Waiting Time

Penalties Subclass. (Id.).

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Additionally, Plaintiff seeks to certify a “UCL Class” defined as “[a]ll Hourly Employee Class

members employed by Defendants in California during the Relevant Time Period.” (Id.)

3. In the First Cause of Action, Plaintiff alleges that American failed to provide

Plaintiff and the putative class members off-duty meal periods in accordance with the California

Labor Code and the applicable Industrial Welfare Commission (“IWC”) Wage Order. (Ex. A ¶¶

32-33, 38-39.) Plaintiff seeks premium compensation for missed meal periods pursuant to Labor

Code § 226.7, interests, costs, and attorneys’ fees. (Id. ¶¶ 44-45.)

4. In the Second Cause of Action, Plaintiff alleges that American failed to provide

Plaintiff and the putative class members off-duty rest periods in accordance with the California

Labor Code and applicable IWC Wage Order. (Ex. A ¶ 52.) Plaintiff seeks premium

compensation for missed rest period pursuant to Labor Code § 226.7, interest, costs, and

attorneys’ fees. (Id. ¶¶ 55-56.)

5. In the Third Cause of Action, Plaintiff alleges that American failed to pay Plaintiff

and the putative class members regular and overtime wages in accordance with California Labor

Code §§ 223, 510, 1196, 1197, and 1198. (Ex. A ¶ 71.) Plaintiff seeks recovery of all unpaid

straight time and overtime wages, interest, statutory costs, and statutory penalties. (Id. ¶ ¶ 78-79.)

6. In the Fourth Cause of Action, Plaintiff alleges that American failed to provide

accurate itemized wage statements to Plaintiff and the putative class members. (Ex. A ¶ 83.)

Plaintiff seeks penalties pursuant to Labor Code § 226, attorneys’ fees, and costs. (Id. ¶ 86.)

7. In the Fifth Cause of Action, Plaintiff alleges that American failed to timely pay all

final wages in accordance with California Labor Code §§ 201-203. (Ex. A ¶ 94.) Plaintiff seeks

penalties pursuant to Labor Code §§ 203 and 218.6, as well as attorneys’ fees and costs. (Id. ¶¶

96, 97.)

8. In the Sixth Cause of Action, Plaintiff alleges that American engaged in unfair

business practices by engaging in the alleged violations described in the first through fourth

causes of action. (Ex. A ¶ 108.) Plaintiff seeks declaratory relief and restitution of all money

acquired by American as a result of these allegedly unfair practices according to California

Business & Professions Code § 17200 et seq., as well as attorneys’ fees. (Id. ¶ 114-115.)

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9. This Notice of Removal has been filed within thirty (30) days of service of

American, and, as no other defendant has been named or served, the requirement of 28 U.S.C.

§ 1446(b) requiring removal within thirty (30) days of service of the first defendant has been

satisfied. Therefore, this Notice of Removal has been timely filed.

BASIS FOR REMOVAL: CLASS ACTION FAIRNESS ACT OF 2005 (“CAFA”)

10. This Court has jurisdiction over this action pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d), which

provides that the United States District Courts have original jurisdiction over any class action: (i)

involving a plaintiff class of 100 or more members, (ii) where at least one member of the plaintiff

class is a citizen of a State different from any defendant, and (iii) in which the matter in

controversy exceeds (in the aggregate) the sum or value of $5,000,000, exclusive of interest and

costs. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d)(2)(A) & (5)(B); see also Dart Cherokee Basin Operating Co. v.

Owens, 135 S. Ct. 547, 554 (2014) (explaining that “CAFA’s provisions should be read broadly,

with a strong preference that interstate class actions should be heard in federal court if properly

removed by any defendant.” (internal quotation marks omitted)).2

11. These three conditions are satisfied here. First, Plaintiff filed this action as a

“class action” within the meaning of 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d)(1)(b) because Plaintiff pleads that this

civil action should be considered a class action under California law. (Ex. A ¶ 11.) According to

American’s records, there are approximately 1,379 ramp agents currently working for American

in California. (Declaration of Lisa Magdaleno i/s/o Notice of Removal, dated March 25, 2019

(“Magdaleno Decl.”) ¶ 2.) The requirement that the class consist of at least 100 members is

therefore satisfied.

12. Second, Plaintiff is a citizen of the state of California. (Ex. A ¶ 5.) American is

incorporated in the State of Delaware, with its principal place of business in Fort Worth Texas,

and is therefore for removal purposes a citizen of the State of Delaware and of the State of Texas.

2 American does not waive, and expressly reserves, all arguments that this matter is improper for

both class certification and as a non-class representative action.

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See Hertz Corp. v. Friend, 559 U.S. 77, 92-93 (2010); Magdaleno Decl. ¶ 4. Thus, Plaintiff is a

citizen of a state different from American within the meaning of 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d)(2)(A).

13. Third, the claims asserted by the plaintiff class, aggregated as required by 28

U.S.C. § 1332(d)(2), exceed the necessary sum of $5,000,000 “in controversy” within the

meaning of 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d)(2). Although American denies that Plaintiff and/or any putative

class member is entitled to any relief based on the allegations in the Complaint, given the size of

the proposed class, the breadth of the claims alleged and relief sought, and the specific allegations

in the Complaint, the amount put “in controversy” by this litigation is in excess of $10,000,000,

far exceeding the threshold requirement of $5,000,000:

a. Plaintiff’s First and Second Causes of Action allege that American

maintained a policy or practice of denying Plaintiff and the putative class

members off-duty meal and rest periods or premium compensation in lieu

thereof, Compl. ¶¶ 38-41; 52-53, and therefore he and the putative class

members are entitled to missed meal and rest period premiums pursuant to

Labor Code § 226.7 going back four years to February 19, 2015.

b. There are approximately 1,379 individuals currently working for

American as ramp agents in California. (Magdaleno Decl. ¶ 2.) According

to the applicable collective bargaining agreement, the current lowest hourly

rate for ramp agents is $14.18 per hour. (Id. ¶ 3.) Labor Code § 226.7

provides that if an employer fails to provide a meal or rest period in

accordance with the law, “the employer shall pay the employee one

additional hour of pay at the employee’s regular rate of compensation for

each workday that the meal or rest or recovery period is not provided.”

Cal. Lab. Code § 226.7(c).

c. Reducing the number of putative class members by approximately 30%

(965) to account for attrition, and assuming each class member was paid at

$14.18 per hour and missed one meal and one rest break each week for the

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4 years (or 208 weeks) at issue in this action, the amount in controversy for

Plaintiff’s First and Second Causes of Action is approximately:

i. (14.18 x 208 weeks x 965) + (14.18 x 208 weeks x 965) =

$5,692,419.20.

d. Although American contends that the claims are meritless, and that no

monies are owed, relative to the claims in the Complaint, this calculation

uses low assumptions regarding the putative class members’ regular hourly

rate and the number of missed meal and rest periods per week.

14. This calculation only values the First and Second Causes of Action and only

considers ramp agents—accordingly, the actual amount in controversy is significantly higher.

15. In addition, Plaintiff seeks to recover attorney’s fees, which further increases the

alleged amount “in controversy” beyond $5,000,000. (Ex. A ¶¶ 45, 56, 79, 86, 97, 115.); see

Lowdermilk v. U.S. Bank Nat’l Ass’n, 479 F.3d 994 (9th Cir. 2007) (including attorneys’ fees in

calculating amount in controversy), overruled on other grounds by Standard Fire Ins. Co. v.

Knowles, 133 S. Ct. 1345 (2013); see also Gibson v. Chrysler Corp., 261 F.3d 927 (9th Cir. 2001)

(holding that attorneys’ fees were properly included in the amount in controversy requirement in

a class action); Galt G/S v. JSS Scandinavia, 142 F.3d 1150 (9th Cir. 1998) (including attorneys’

fees in calculating the amount in controversy requirement for traditional diversity jurisdiction).

16. Thus, based on the reasonable assumptions set forth herein, the potential

compensatory damages, together with the statutory penalties and attorney’s fees, exceed the

$5,000,000 aggregate amount in controversy requirement set forth under 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d)(2).

Dart Cherokee, 135 S.Ct. at 554 (“a defendant's notice of removal need include only a plausible

allegation that the amount in controversy exceeds the jurisdictional threshold.”).

VENUE

17. Plaintiff’s state court action was commenced in the Superior Court of the State of

California for the County of Santa Clara and, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 84(a), 1441(a), & 1446(a)

may be removed to this United States District Court for the Northern District of California, which

embraces Santa Clara County within its jurisdiction.

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CONCLUSION

18. For the reasons discussed herein, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1332(d), 1441(a) &

1446, this state court action may be removed to this Federal District Court.

WHEREFORE, Defendant requests that this action be brought to this Court, and that this

Court exercise its jurisdiction in the premises.

Dated: March 25, 2019 O’MELVENY & MYERS LLP ROBERT A. SIEGEL ADAM P. KOHSWEENEY SUSANNAH K. HOWARD

By: /s/ Adam P. KohSweeney Adam P. KohSweeney

Attorneys for Defendant American Airlines, Inc.

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EXHIBIT A

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EXHIBIT B

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DEFENDANT’S ANSWER TO COMPLAINT

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ROBERT A. SIEGEL (S.B. #64604) [email protected] O’MELVENY & MYERS LLP 400 South Hope Street, 18th Floor Los Angeles, CA 90071-2899 Telephone: 213-430-6000 Facsimile: 213-430-6407 ADAM P. KOHSWEENEY (S.B. #229983) [email protected] SUSANNAH K. HOWARD (S.B. #291326) [email protected] KRISTIN M. MACDONNELL (S.B. #307124) [email protected] O’MELVENY & MYERS LLP Two Embarcadero Center 28ᵗʰ Floor San Francisco, California 94111-3823 Telephone: +1 415 984 8700 Facsimile: +1 415 984 8701

Attorneys for Defendant American Airlines, Inc.

SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA

FOR THE COUNTY OF SANTA CLARA

HASIM A. MOHAMMED, on behalf of himself, all others similarly situated,

Plaintiff,

v.

AMERICAN AIRLINES, INC., a Delaware Corporation; and Does 1 through 50, Inclusive

Defendants.

Case No. 19CV342788

DEFENDANT AMERICAN AIRLINES,

INC.’S ANSWER TO PLAINTIFF’S

UNVERIFIED CLASS ACTION

COMPLAINT

Electronically Filedby Superior Court of CA,County of Santa Clara,on 3/22/2019 5:01 PMReviewed By: R. WalkerCase #19CV342788Envelope: 2663184

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DEFENDANT’S ANSWER TO COMPLAINT

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Defendant American Airlines, Inc. (“American” or “Defendant”), for itself alone and for

no other defendant, hereby answers the unverified complaint herein, dated February 19, 2019,

(the “Complaint”), as follows:

Pursuant to the provisions of Section 431.30 of the California Code of Civil Procedure,

Defendant denies each and every, all and singular, allegations of the Complaint and also denies

that Plaintiff Hasim A. Mohammed (“Plaintiff”) or any putative member of any purported class

set forth in the Complaint were damaged in the sum or sums alleged or in any sum at all.

Defendant further specifically denies that any of the claims alleged by Plaintiff in the Complaint

may properly be adjudicated on a class-action and/or representative basis.

AS AND FOR ITS AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSES TO ALL CAUSES OF ACTION

PURPORTED TO BE SET FORTH AGAINST IT BY PLAINTIFF ON BEHALF OF

HIMSELF, AND ON BEHALF OF THE PUTATIVE MEMBERS OF EACH

PURPORTED CLASS AS SET FORTH IN THE COMPLAINT, DEFENDANT ALLEGES

AS FOLLOWS:

FIRST AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Failure to State a Cause of Action

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, fail to state facts

sufficient to constitute a cause of action against Defendant.

SECOND AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Preemption

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part because they are preempted by, inter alia, the Railway Labor Act, 29 U.S.C. §§

151 et seq. and/or the Airline Deregulation Act, 49 U.S.C. §§ 40120 et seq.

THIRD AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Dormant Commerce Clause Preemption

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

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DEFENDANT’S ANSWER TO COMPLAINT

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members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part because the application of California law to employment in other states or

countries would violate the Dormant Commerce Clause of the United States and California

Constitutions given that said laws, facially and as applied to this action, would impose a burden

on interstate commerce that is clearly excessive in relation to the putative local benefits.

FOURTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Lawful Exemptions

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of each purported class as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part by California Labor Code § 514 and/or Industrial Welfare Commission Order

No. 9-2001, § 1(E).

FIFTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Statute of Limitations

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part by the applicable statutes of limitations, including without limitation, the

limitations periods prescribed in California Business and Professions Code § 17209, California

Labor Code § 203, and California Code of Civil Procedure §§ 338, 340, and/or 340.

SIXTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

No Standing

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part because Plaintiff lacks standing.

SEVENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

No Class Action

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, fail to meet the

necessary requirements for class certification, including, inter alia, class ascertainability,

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DEFENDANT’S ANSWER TO COMPLAINT

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typicality, commonality, numerosity, manageability, superiority, and adequacy of the class

representative and/or counsel.

EIGHTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Unconstitutional Action

Certification of a class or representative action under the circumstances of this case would

violate Defendant’s rights under the United States Constitution and California Constitution.

NINTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Conduct Reasonable and In Good Faith/Not Willful

Plaintiff’s claims and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part because Defendant has at all times acted in good faith, in conformity with and in

reliance on written administrative regulations, orders, rulings, guidelines, approvals, and/or

interpretations of federal and California agencies, and on the basis of a good-faith and reasonable

belief that it had complied fully with California wage and hour laws.

TENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

No “Knowing and Intentional” Violations and No Injury

Neither Plaintiff nor any putative class members are entitled to penalties under California

Labor Code § 226 because Defendant’s behavior was not “knowing and intentional” and/or

because no injury was suffered.

ELEVENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Waiver

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part because such claims have been waived, discharged, and/or abandoned.

TWELFTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Accord and Satisfaction, Payment

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

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DEFENDANT’S ANSWER TO COMPLAINT

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whole or in part by the principles of accord and satisfaction and payment.

THIRTEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Release

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part because Plaintiff released the claims at issue.

FOURTEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Res Judicata and/or Collateral Estoppel

Plaintiff’s causes of action as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part by the doctrines of res judicata and/or collateral estoppel because they have

already been adjudicated through the grievance procedures of the applicable collective bargaining

agreement(s) and/or by other litigation.

FIFTEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Setoff and Recoupment

If any damages have been sustained by Plaintiff, or by any putative member of the

purported class as set forth in the Complaint, although such is not admitted hereby or herein and

is specifically denied, Defendant is entitled under the equitable doctrine of setoff and recoupment

to offset all obligations of the Plaintiff or putative class members owed to Defendant against any

judgment that may be entered against Defendant.

SIXTEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

No Jury Trial

Plaintiff is not entitled to have equitable issues or matters of law tried to a jury, and

Plaintiff’s demand for a jury trial should be so limited.

SEVENTEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Adequate Remedy at Law

To the extent Plaintiff seeks such relief, any claim by Plaintiff for equitable relief is barred

because, to the extent Plaintiff and/or the putative class members are entitled to any remedy,

which is not admitted hereby or herein, Plaintiff and/or the putative class members have an

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DEFENDANT’S ANSWER TO COMPLAINT

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adequate remedy at law and/or other requirements for granting injunctive or other equitable relief

cannot be satisfied.

EIGHTEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Restitution Only

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part to the extent they seek to receive penalties or other non-restitutionary awards

pursuant to California Business & Professions Code.

NINETEENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Estoppel

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part because Plaintiff is estopped by his own conduct to claim any right to damages or

other monetary relief, or any additional damages or other monetary relief, from Defendant.

TWENTIETH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Unclean Hands

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part by Plaintiff’s unclean hands and/or inequitable or wrongful conduct.

TWENTY-FIRST AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Laches

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part by the doctrine of laches.

TWENTY-SECOND AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Due Process

Any award of restitution under Plaintiff’s sixth cause of action pursuant to the California

Business & Professions Code §§ 17200 et seq. would violate the Excessive Fines and Due

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DEFENDANT’S ANSWER TO COMPLAINT

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Process Clauses of the United States and California Constitutions.

TWENTY-THIRD AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

No Unfair or Unlawful Practice

Plaintiff’s cause of action under California Business & Professions Code §§ 17200 et seq.

is barred, in whole or in part, because Defendant’s alleged practices were not “unfair” or

“unlawful,” the public was not and would not likely have been deceived by any such alleged

practices, Defendant would have gained no competitive advantage by engaging in such alleged

practices, and the benefits of the alleged practices outweighed any harm or other impact they

might have caused.

TWENTY-FOURTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Unconstitutional Remedy - California Business & Professions Code

Any finding of liability pursuant to the California Business & Professions Code would

violate the Due Process Clauses of the United States and California Constitutions because, inter

alia, the standards of liability under the Business & Professions Code are unduly vague and

ambiguous, and permit retroactive, random, arbitrary, and capricious punishment that serves no

legitimate governmental interest.

TWENTY-FIFTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Unjust, Arbitrary and Oppressive, or Confiscatory Penalties

Plaintiff, and the putative members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint,

are not entitled to recover any civil penalties and/or fines pursuant to Plaintiff’s causes of action,

because, under the circumstances of this case, any such recovery would be unjust, arbitrary and

oppressive, or confiscatory.

TWENTY-SIXTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Proper Calculations and Documentation

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part because at all relevant times at issue, Defendant properly tracked the hours

worked by non-exempt employees, compensated them for hours worked at the appropriate rates

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DEFENDANT’S ANSWER TO COMPLAINT

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pursuant to California law, and documented such compensation in legally sufficient wage

statements.

TWENTY-SEVENTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

No Private Right of Action

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred to the

extent they are brought under California Labor Code Section 226.7, as there is no private right of

action under said statute.

TWENTY-EIGHTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Frivolous Claims

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are “frivolous,

unreasonable, or groundless” within the meaning of Christianburg v. Garment Co. v. EEOC, 434

U.S. 412 (1978) and Cummings v. Benco Building Servs., 11 Cal. App. 4th 383 (1992), and,

accordingly, Defendant should recover all costs and attorneys’ fees incurred herein.

TWENTY-NINTH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

De Minimis Harm

Plaintiff’s claims, and each of them, brought on behalf of himself and the putative

members of the purported classes as set forth in the Complaint, or some of them, are barred in

whole or in part because any time Plaintiff or putative class members worked allegedly without

compensation was de minimis and not compensable.

THIRTIETH AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Attorneys’ Fees

Defendant is entitled to recover all costs and attorneys’ fees incurred herein under

California Labor Code § 218.5.

THIRTY-FIRST AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE

Defendant is informed and believes and on that basis alleges that Defendant may have

additional defenses available, which are not now fully known and of which it is not now aware.

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Electronically filedby Superior Court of CA, County of Santa Clara,on 3/22/2019 5:01 PMReviewed By:R. WalkerCase #19CV342788Env #2663184

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ROBERT A. SIEGEL (S.B. #64604) [email protected] O'MELVENY & MYERS LLP 400 South Hope Street, 18th Floor Los Angeles, CA 90071-2899 Telephone: 213-430-6000 Facsimile: 213-430-6407

ADAM P. KOHSWEENEY (S.B. #229983) [email protected] SUSANNAH K. HOWARD (S.B. #291326) [email protected] KRISTIN M. MACDONNELL (S.B. #307124) [email protected] O'MEL VENY & MYERS LLP Two Embarcadero Center San Francisco, CA 94111-3823 Telephone: 415-984-8912 Facsimile: 415-984-8701

Attorneys for Defendant American Airlines, Inc.

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

SAN JOSE DIVISION

19 HASIM A. MOHAMMED, on behalf of himself, all others similarly situated

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Plaintiff,

V.

AMERICAN AIRLINES, INC., a 23 Corporation; and DOES 1 through 50,

inclusive, 24

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Defendants.

CaseNo. CV ----

DECLARATION OF LISA MAGDALENO IN SUPPORT OF NOTICE OF REMOVAL OF DEFENDANT AMERICAN AIRLINES, INC.

(28 U.S.C. §§ 1332(d), 1441(a))

(Santa Clara County Superior Court Case No. 19CV342788)

MAGDALENO DECLARATION ISO REMOVAL

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I, Lisa Magdaleno, declare and state as follows:

1. I am currently employed by American Airlines, Inc. ("American") in the capacity

of Paralegal, Legal-Employment. I have worked for American since August 21, 1995, and have

worked as a paralegal for American since September 1, 2004. In my current position, I have

access to the collective bargaining agreements applicable to American' s various employee

groups, as well as records showing the number of employees in each work group. In attesting to

the matters set forth in this declaration, I reviewed these records, which American keeps in the

regular course of business. If called as a witness, I could and would competently testify to the

matters set forth herein.

2. American currently employs approximately 1,379 ramp agents in the State of

California.

3. Under the current collective bargaining agreement, entered between American and

the Transport Workers Union of America, AFL-CIO, the union that represents American ramp

agents, the lowest base hourly wage for a ramp agent is $14.18 per hour.

4. American is a Delaware corporation and has its headquarters in Fort Worth, Texas.

I declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of California and the United

States of America that the foregoing is true and correct.

Executed this 25th day of March, 2019, t arrant County, in the State of Texas.

Lisa Magdaleno

MAGDALENO DECLARATION ISO REMOVAL

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JS-CAND 44 (Rev. 06/17) CIVIL COVER SHEET The JS-CAND 44 civil cover sheet and the information contained herein neither replace nor supplement the filing and service of pleadings or other papers as required by law, except as provided by local rules of court. This form, approved in its original form by the Judicial Conference of the United States in September 1974, is required for the Clerk of Court to initiate the civil docket sheet. (SEE INSTRUCTIONS ON NEXT PAGE OF THIS FORM.)

I. (a) PLAINTIFFS DEFENDANTS

(b) County of Residence of First Listed Plaintiff (EXCEPT IN U.S. PLAINTIFF CASES)

County of Residence of First Listed Defendant (IN U.S. PLAINTIFF CASES ONLY) NOTE: IN LAND CONDEMNATION CASES, USE THE LOCATION OF THE TRACT OF LAND INVOLVED.

(c) Attorneys (Firm Name, Address, and Telephone Number) Attorneys (If Known)

II. BASIS OF JURISDICTION (Place an “X” in One Box Only) III. CITIZENSHIP OF PRINCIPAL PARTIES (Place an “X” in One Box for Plaintiff

1 U.S. Government Plaintiff 3 Federal Question (U.S. Government Not a Party)

2 U.S. Government Defendant 4 Diversity (Indicate Citizenship of Parties in Item III)

(For Diversity Cases Only) and One Box for Defendant) PTF DEF PTF DEF

Citizen of This State 1 1 Incorporated or Principal Place 4 4 of Business In This State Citizen of Another State 2 2 Incorporated and Principal Place 5 5 of Business In Another State Citizen or Subject of a 3 3 Foreign Nation 6 6 Foreign Country

IV. NATURE OF SUIT (Place an “X” in One Box Only)

CONTRACT TORTS FORFEITURE/PENALTY BANKRUPTCY OTHER STATUTES 110 Insurance 120 Marine 130 Miller Act 140 Negotiable Instrument 150 Recovery of

Overpayment Of Veteran’s Benefits

151 Medicare Act 152 Recovery of Defaulted

Student Loans (Excludes Veterans)

153 Recovery of Overpayment

of Veteran’s Benefits 160 Stockholders’ Suits 190 Other Contract 195 Contract Product Liability 196 Franchise

REAL PROPERTY 210 Land Condemnation 220 Foreclosure 230 Rent Lease & Ejectment 240 Torts to Land 245 Tort Product Liability 290 All Other Real Property

PERSONAL INJURY 310 Airplane 315 Airplane Product Liability 320 Assault, Libel & Slander 330 Federal Employers’

Liability 340 Marine 345 Marine Product Liability 350 Motor Vehicle 355 Motor Vehicle Product

Liability 360 Other Personal Injury 362 Personal Injury -Medical

Malpractice

CIVIL RIGHTS 440 Other Civil Rights 441 Voting 442 Employment 443 Housing/

Accommodations 445 Amer. w/Disabilities–

Employment 446 Amer. w/Disabilities–Other 448 Education

PERSONAL INJURY 365 Personal Injury – Product

Liability 367 Health Care/

Pharmaceutical Personal Injury Product Liability

368 Asbestos Personal Injury Product Liability

PERSONAL PROPERTY 370 Other Fraud 371 Truth in Lending 380 Other Personal Property

Damage 385 Property Damage Product

Liability

PRISONER PETITIONS

HABEAS CORPUS 463 Alien Detainee 510 Motions to Vacate

Sentence 530 General 535 Death Penalty

OTHER 540 Mandamus & Other 550 Civil Rights 555 Prison Condition 560 Civil Detainee–

Conditions of Confinement

625 Drug Related Seizure of Property 21 USC § 881

690 Other

LABOR710 Fair Labor Standards Act 720 Labor/Management

Relations 740 Railway Labor Act 751 Family and Medical

Leave Act 790 Other Labor Litigation 791 Employee Retirement

Income Security Act

IMMIGRATION 462 Naturalization

Application 465 Other Immigration

Actions

422 Appeal 28 USC § 158 423 Withdrawal 28 USC

§ 157

PROPERTY RIGHTS 820 Copyrights 830 Patent 835 Patent Abbreviated New

Drug Application 840 Trademark

SOCIAL SECURITY 861 HIA (1395ff) 862 Black Lung (923) 863 DIWC/DIWW (405(g)) 864 SSID Title XVI 865 RSI (405(g))

FEDERAL TAX SUITS 870 Taxes (U.S. Plaintiff or

Defendant) 871 IRS–Third Party 26 USC

§ 7609

375 False Claims Act 376 Qui Tam (31 USC

§ 3729(a)) 400 State Reapportionment 410 Antitrust 430 Banks and Banking 450 Commerce 460 Deportation 470 Racketeer Influenced &

Corrupt Organizations 480 Consumer Credit 490 Cable/Sat TV 850 Securities/Commodities/

Exchange 890 Other Statutory Actions 891 Agricultural Acts 893 Environmental Matters 895 Freedom of Information

Act 896 Arbitration 899 Administrative Procedure

Act/Review or Appeal of Agency Decision

950 Constitutionality of State Statutes

V. ORIGIN (Place an “X” in One Box Only)

1 Original Proceeding

2 Removed from State Court

3 Remanded from Appellate Court

4 Reinstated or Reopened

5 Transferred from Another District (specify)

6 Multidistrict Litigation–Transfer

8 Multidistrict Litigation–Direct File

VI. CAUSE OF

ACTION

Cite the U.S. Civil Statute under which you are filing (Do not cite jurisdictional statutes unless diversity): Brief description of cause:

VII. REQUESTED IN

COMPLAINT: CHECK IF THIS IS A CLASS ACTION UNDER RULE 23, Fed. R. Civ. P.

DEMAND $ CHECK YES only if demanded in complaint: JURY DEMAND: Yes No

VIII. RELATED CASE(S), IF ANY (See instructions):

JUDGE DOCKET NUMBER

IX. DIVISIONAL ASSIGNMENT (Civil Local Rule 3-2) (Place an “X” in One Box Only) SAN FRANCISCO/OAKLAND SAN JOSE EUREKA-MCKINLEYVILLE

DATE SIGNATURE OF ATTORNEY OF RECORD

Hasim A. Mohammed American Airlines, Inc.

Unknown Tarrant County, TX

Shaun Setareh, William P. Pao, Lilit Ter-AstvatsatryanSetareh Law Group315 South Beverly Drive, Suite 315Beverly Hills, CA 90212 / Tel: 310-888-7771

Robert A. Siegel, Adam P. KohSweeney, Susannah K. Howard, Kristin M. MacDonnellO'Melveny & Myers LLPTwo Embarcadero Center, Floor 28San Francisco, CA 94111 / Tel: 415-984-8700

Class Action Fairness Act, 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d)

Plaintiff alleges failure by Defendant to provide meal & rest breaks, timely pay all wages, and provide accurate wage statements.

03/25/2019 /s/ Adam P. KohSweeney

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ClassAction.orgThis complaint is part of ClassAction.org's searchable class action lawsuit database and can be found in this post: American Airlines Facing Ex-Employee’s Lawsuit Over Allegedly Missed Breaks, Unpaid Wages