case stud ies descri - lowup
TRANSCRIPT
The LowInnovati
Low
Lead Be
04/2017
Josep Piju
1 Fundaci2 ACCION
wUP project on Programm
w valued e
C
eneficiary: F
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uan1, Mario H
ió Eurecat NA Construcció
has receiveme under Gr
energy so
Case S
FUNDACIÓ
Heredero1, Silv
ón S.A. R&D C
ed funding frant Agreem
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rom the Eurent n°72393
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Descri
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ndustry u
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arch and
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LowUP Pro
Docum
Grant Ag
Project T
Project A
Project S
Related
Related
Lead Org
Submiss
Dissemin
History
Date
04/04/2
21/04/2
26/04/2
27/04/2
28/04/2
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
ment Infor
greement:
Title:
Acronym:
Start Date:
work packag
task(s):
ganisation:
ion date:
nation Level:
y
Sub
017 Ma
017 Ma
017 Ma
017 Ma
017 Jos
Case studies de
lued energy sou
rmation
723930
Low valu
LowUP
1 Novem
ge: WP 3: In
Task 3.1
EUT
28/04/20
: Public
bmitted by
rio Heredero
rio Heredero
rio Heredero
rio Heredero
ep Pijuan
escription
urces upgrading
ued energy s
mber 2016
dustrial low
: Resources
017
Reviewe
o Silvio Vit
o Josep Pij
o Josep Pij
o Josep Pij
Jose C. E
g for buildings a
sources UPgr
temperature
assessment
ed by V
tali V
juan, Vim
juan Vcfr
juan Vsu
Esteban V
and industry us
rading for bu
e energy upg
and feasibili
Version (Note
V 0.1: Table o
V1.0: First vermages
V 1.3: Added hallenges, imrom Acciona
V 1.4: Added ummary and
V 1.6. Final ve
es. GA n°7239
uildings and i
grading solut
ty for case st
es)
of Contents a
rsion of case
content to omages, includ
case studiesd conclusions
ersion
930
ndustry uses
tions
tudies
and first mat
e studies with
objectives, ded contribu
s, executive s
1
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LowUP Pro
About
Coordina
Jose C. E
Acciona
C. Valpo
email: jo
LowUpefficieof renecurrenemissi Led byresearmonthbuildinsource
D3.1 C
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Esteban Matí
Construcció
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For mo
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Centre
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sources UPgy heating andheat recove, these techconsumptio
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930
ses – is deve, based on thgy sources thg significantcy in buildin
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LowUP Pro
Table
ABOUT L
TABLE OF
TABLES ..
FIGURES
EXECUTIV
KEYWOR
1 INT
1.1
2 CHA
3 OBJ
4 CAS
4.1 4.1.4.1.4.1.4.1.
4.2 4.2.4.2.4.2.4.2.
4.3 4.3.4.3.4.3.
5 DEV
CONCLUS
BIBLIOGR
D3.1 C
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F CONTENT ...
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VE SUMMARY
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HP‐LOWUP .
ALLENGES OF
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SE STUDIES ....
CASE STUDY 11 Low exer2 Low exer3 Analysis 4 Analysis CASE STUDY 2
1 Low exer2 Low exer3 HP‐LowU4 Analysis OTHER CASES
1 Low exer2 Low exer3 Analysis
VELOPMENT A
SION .............
RAPHY AND R
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AND DEMONS
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REFERENCES ..
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LowUP Pro
Tables
Table 1 :
Table 2 I(EU
Table 3 Rey
Table 4:
Figures
Figure 1
Figure 2
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develop andand industriase studies foe heat recove
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930
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930
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930
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producing laave large hea[17.]). Am
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stems for indsystems usegenerators, esses, or genth lower temation of othe. The lowerheat useful.
ses, cooling aut of heatingchilled wateremand at higature (2°C ch35 ‐ 60°C). Po cool this wemperature (ing towers ceturn of inven the efficie
emperature not, which mms of foulinent, heat pur to reduce contaminanm effluent, gto risk of fs. The introdreatment an
f available wse, warrant aenergy recov
overy from nsent a compblems and dheat transfits when recome industr
pgrading tecer temperat
widen the oich require a
g for buildings a
concept
rge amount ating demanmong all suies have beenn of the proje
dustry are ue technologto recover tnerating mecmperatures er systems br the tempe
and heating g and coolinr to achieve tgh temperathilled water)Production rwater before around 30°Ccan be savedestment on wncy of the he
fluids outcomust be treatng that can bumps includemaintenan
nts of the flugenerating lailure, increduction of ad disposal in
waste heat ia separate anvery and app
non‐water stplexity when due to the ser. These facovered heatial processes
chnologies, sure, in orde
options so asa higher temp
and industry us
of waste hed and coolinitable indusn identified inect.
used to recogies such asthe heat frochanical or ein the rangebased on heaerature, the
demands arg needs. Ththe requiredture (e.g., 80 – both of wregimes thatsending it toC) of waste wd by generawaste heat reat exchange
oming fromted before dibe faced wited, is designece problemsid can be preack of efficieement of maa robust andnto a heat so
in the rangend in‐depth iplication face
treams (sludheat is recosmall tempects limit thet is transferres.
such as heaer to serve a
s to use the perature.
es. GA n°7239
eat, much in ng demand (strial procesn section 4 a
over waste hs Organic Rom the induelectrical poe between 2at exchangere higher the
re individuallis leads to wd temperatur0°C for pastewhich lead tot generate wo the sewagewater alloweting useful hecovery heaers and the h
m productiveisposal or beth traditionaed for operats and maintesent in diffeency reliabilaintenance cd efficient heource potent
e of 20‐200°investigationes at least th
dge, paint, covered via heerature grade economicsed to non‐w
at pumps, wa load/proce
low tempera
930
the low‐temLemmens, 2sses with dnd two of th
heat at tempankine Cyclustrial procewer. Howev20‐200ºC thas and heat ue technologi
ly covered, wwasteful enere. We also seurization) ao considerabwaste water e system: cod to enter thheat from that pumps canheat pump.
e processesefore a potenal technologyting with cletain stable erent concenity during ocosts, reduneat recoveryial, a by‐pro
°C, and the n of low valuree main cha
orrosive fluieat exchangedient, which of heat exc
water stream
with the capss requiring
ature recove
8
mperature 015; U.S. described hem have
peratures e (ORC), esses and ver, there at can be upgrading ical level
without a rgy flows see many and large ble waste at 35 to
ommonly, he sewer. he waste n be very
contain ntial heat y. In fact ean water the heat ntrations, peration, dancy of y solution duct cost
inherent ed waste allenges:
ids, etc.). er due to requires
changers. as a way
pacity to medium
ered heat
LowUP Pro
Awa
so
The maitesting opump p80ºC), beheat in i
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
Advanced suwhole systeadapt the symonitoring ashould provior apply the
n breakthroof one sludrototype; theing able to ndustrial pro
Case studies de
lued energy sou
upervisory coms adapted ystem load and analysis ide the right appropriate
ugh of the Hge/wastewahe final targetake benefitocesses.
escription
urces upgrading
ontrol systemto the requto the demof the datarecommend
e contingency
HP‐LowUP soater‐to‐wateret is product of low temp
g for buildings a
m for reliabirements of
mand and the. In case of adations to thy plans.
olution propor heat exchcing higher tperature leve
and industry us
le, efficient the industrie residual eany anomalyhe operators,
osed is the danger connetemperatureels of free he
es. GA n°7239
and automaial processesenergy profily or malfunc, scheduling
developmentected to a e level of theat sources (
930
ated operatios. The controles of the siction of the smaintenanc
t, manufactuwater‐to‐wae useful hea(25‐35ºC) fro
9
on of the ol should ite by its system it ce actions
uring and ater heat at (up to om waste
LowUP Pro
3 Ob
The mairesourcerecoveryactual liglobal ptraditioncontrol wpreventi
Particula35K, witby the imthe effic
The expeof proceenergy, G
The follo
Waste w
High e
Ex
The deve
validate
the poss
project.
of the pr
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
bjectives
in objective es, and the y solution, fomits of opeerformance nal fuel‐basewill allow thing the appro
arly the mainth constant tmprovementiency of hea
ected result essing heat, wGHG emissio
owing table s
System
water heat re
efficiency ele
Control and
xpected syste
Global
elopment of
the achieve
sibilities and
Further ana
roject.
Case studies de
lued energy sou
of the HP developmen
or heating in eration/integfor the who
ed technolohe autonomopriate main
n technical otemperaturet of the heatt pump.
is the develowith traditioons and oper
shows a sum
Table
m
ecovery syste
ctrically drivheat pum
d maintenan
em investme
system impa
f the HP‐Low
ement of the
d best practi
lysis of the e
escription
urces upgrading
– LowUP snt and validindustrial prgration, and ole system, gies. In addous and effntenance act
bjective of He in the hot st exchanger
opment of aonal industriaration cost.
mmary of the
e 1 : HP- Lo
em o Selo Inc
ven mp
o 100o Reco Proo Sea
con
o Tem
nce o Advdem
o Sup
ent o CA
act o Bet(co
o Bet(co
wUP system
ese objective
ices in orde
exploitation
g for buildings a
ystem is thdation (at corocesses. All to improvetargeting acdition, an adicient operations.
HP – LowUP isink indepentechnologie
an integratedal boilers in
expected pr
wUP summ
f‐cleaning fo
crease heat e
0% thermal p
covery of wa
oduction of p
asonal COP o
nventional h
mperature li
vanced cont
mand and av
pervisory co
PEX between
tween 45 an
ompared with
tween 20 an
ompared with
and/or its su
es (in the co
r to reach a
interests are
and industry us
e research omponent aplanned R&
e specific effctual paybacdvanced cotion of the
is to achieve ndently froms involved in
d concept abterms of eff
roject results
ary of objec
Obje
ouling free he
exchanger ef
powered sys
aste heat at 2
process heat
over 6 (10% m
eat pump).
ft of 35ºC
trol system b
vailability for
ntrol for mai
n 400‐500 €/
nd 70% of exp
h a conventi
nd 55% of exp
h a conventi
ub‐systems,
ontext of Low
a future exp
e being deve
es. GA n°7239
and analysisand system D activities wficiency of eck periods, antrol systemsystem faci
COP>6 withm the availabn the captur
ble to compeficiency, con
s:
ctives
ective
eat exchange
fficiency ove
stem
20‐45ºC
t up to 80ºC
more efficien
based on opt
recast
intenance an
/kW
pected GHG
onal system
pected prima
onal system
and the test
wUP WP 4),
ploitation of
eloped in the
930
s of residualevels) of anwill lead to oeach technoand challengm and a supng any anom
h a temperatbility of the cing energy f
ete, in the prnsumption of
er.
r 70%
ncy than
imization an
nd surveillan
emissions sa
).
ary energy sa
).
t to be perfo
will conside
these resul
e context of
10
al energy n energy overcome ology and ging with pervisory maly and
ure lift of cold sink, flows and
roduction f primary
nd heat
ce
aving
aving
ormed to
er always
ts of the
the WP5
LowUP Pro
4 Cas
Evaluatinthe streabe deter
T
Cc
a
O
These painto posmedia owhen th
HP – Lowindustryexergy/qlow exerfocused
Wdo
Af
Other inwill be d
In the fobetter uLowUP c
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
se studies
ng the feasibam to which rmined inclu
Heat quantit
Heat temperThe waste hExergy is ano
Compositioncharacteristi
Minimum aapplication.
Operating sc
arameters alssible materr heat exchae quality and
wUP concept (between 3quality) applrgy waste heon the proje
Wastewaterdigested sluof gas boiler
Automotive from paintinupgrading itprocesses.
dustrial procdone during W
ollowing sectunderstand tconcept.
Case studies de
lued energy sou
s
bility of wasthe heat wide:
ty: It describ
rature/qualitheat temperother variabl
n: Compositics (density, v
allowed tem
chedules, ava
low for analyial, technoloanger foulingd quantity of
t main targe5 ‐ 60ºC) so ication. Baseeat and low eect:
r treatment pdge and upgrs to the heat
factories, eng and washt up to usab
cesses have aWP5.
tions, a deepthem and c
escription
urces upgrading
ste heat recoll be transfer
es how muc
ty: This pararature is a kle used so as
tion of theviscosity, dir
mperature: T
ailability, and
ysis of the qogy and desg resistance af the stream
et are the lowas to upgraded on a prevexergy cooli
plants, explograding with ting of the a
exploring thehing stationble temperat
also been id
per insight incorrectly def
g for buildings a
overy requirrred [17.]. Im
h energy is c
ameter is a mkey factor ds to characte
e waste hertiness, etc.)
Temperature
d other logis
uality and quign limitatioare of considis acceptabl
w temperatude and applyvious analysing and heat
oring the viabhigh efficiennaerobic dig
e viability ofs, as well atures via he
entified so a
nto those indfine the dev
and industry us
es charactermportant wa
contained in
measure of tdetermining erize the qua
eat stream
es required
stics.
uantity of thons. For examderable conce.
ure (low exey this energys regarding ting demand,
bility of captncy heat pumgester or for
f capturing has exhaust heat pump fo
as to help the
dustrial procvelopment a
es. GA n°7239
rizing the waste stream p
a waste hea
the usefulnewaste heatlity of energ
(liquid, st
for waste
e stream andmple, corroscern in waste
rgy/quality) y in a higher the industrie, two main i
uring low temp for reducdrying sludg
heat from sheat of the r implement
e future expl
cesses will beand demons
930
aste heat soparameters t
t stream.
ss of the wa recovery fey.
eam, etc.)
heat recov
d also providsion of heate heat recove
waste heat stemperatures with availndustrial use
mperature hcing the conge before lan
ewage flowscooling towtation into i
oitation ana
e carried outstration of t
11
urce and that must
aste heat. easibility.
and its
very and
de insight t transfer ery, even
source in re (higher lability of es will be
heat from ntribution dfill.
s coming wers, and industrial
alysis that
t so as to the HP –
LowUP Pro
4.1 Ca
Wastewsuitable minimal is called
WWTP pTchoban
g
t
S
In advanconstitu
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
ase study
ater treatmefor its mostenvironmena wastewate
Figure 2
process, prenoglous, Burt
Preliminary tgrit, which c
Primary treato remove fl
Secondary trremove mos
nced treatmeents that are
Raw wastewater
Figure
Case studies de
lued energy sou
1: Wastew
ent is a proct recent use,ntal issues oer treatment
: WWTP ove
esented in Fton, & Stense
treatment: Iould damage
atment: In poating and s
reatment: Inst of the orga
ent, additione not reduce
Wastewater trea
Screening
Coarse solid
Water st
Sludge st
Waste st
Biogas st
PreliminaryTreatment
3: Schemat
escription
urces upgrading
water treat
ess used to into an efflr reused. Tht plant (WWT
erview in Pin
Figure 3, is el, 2002).
n preliminare the equipm
rimary treatsettle able m
n secondary tanic matter.
n processes aed significant
atment plant
Primary se
tream
tream
tream
tream
PrimaryTreatme
ic illustratio
g for buildings a
tment plan
convert wasuent that cae physical inTP); see an e
nto, Spain. S
based on t
ry treatmentment, are rem
tment, physiaterials foun
treatment, b
are used to tly by conven
ettlerBioloRea
Andig
ynt
on of a typic
and industry us
nt
stewater, whn be either nfrastructureexample in F
Source: (Ca
hree main s
t, gross solidmoved.
ical operationd in wastew
biological and
remove resintional secon
ogical actor
S
aerobic gestion
SecondaryTreatment
cal wastewa
es. GA n°7239
hich is water returned to e used for wigure 2.
anal de Isabe
sub process
s such as lar
on, usually sewater.
d chemical p
idual suspenndary treatm
Secondary settler
w
D
Biogas
ter treatmen
930
no longer nthe water c
wastewater tr
el II, 2008)
es (Metcalf
rge objects,
edimentatio
processes are
nded solids ament.
Treatedastewater
Digested sludge
nt plant.
12
eeded or ycle with reatment
& Eddy,
rags, and
n is used
e used to
and other
LowUP Pro
The sewsecondasewage allows th
In generalso by trap (usufor AD asewage enteringof up tocontent
The sludwhere dof arounsludge asame tim
The benmany cowastewatreat orgfrom AD
Next sec
4.1.1 L
After theso as to recovereduring twhere sl
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
wage sludge pry treatmensludge treathe generatio
ral, sludge is excess sludgually found aas they contsludge resug the digesteo 7% in ord(Bachmann,
dge is pumpigestion takend 20 days, and produce me, the sludg
efits of AD oountries. Todater treatmeganic waste D are being u
Figure 4 A
ctions, the su
Low exergy
e anaerobic dbe dewatered. HP – Lowhe followingludge is tran
Case studies de
lued energy sou
produced in nts, requires ment becauson of renewa
composed bge or activatat the entrantain coarse mlting from pers, the sludger to avoid 2015).
ped into the es place, usumicroorganisbiogas, whige is stabilise
of sewage sluday, a high pent sites andin decentrased (EUBIA,
Anaerobic di
uitability of t
y waste hea
digestion, thred. At this pwUP will allowg process ofsferred to th
escription
urces upgrading
wastewaterto be treatese it allows able energy f
by easily degted sludge frnce of the pmaterials thprimary and ge is sometimtoo high en
anaerobic cually at mesosms break dch is compoed and its dry
udge are widportion of bd there is stlized sites. C2016).
igesters in P
his case stud
at availabili
he digested spoint, the rew to avoid tf storing andhe dewaterin
g for buildings a
r treatment ed. Anaeroba high reducrom the sam
radable orgarom the seclant) are oftat may be hsecondary wmes sieved anergy consu
continuouslyophilic tempdown part ofosed of methy matter con
dely recognisiogas producill an enormCurrently les
Pinto, Spain
dy to implem
ity: Anaerob
sludge is relemaining lowhe exergy lod dewaterinng process.
and industry us
plant, as by bic digestion tion of the s
me process
anic matter, condary treaen also digeharmful to pwater treatmand is then tmption for
y stirred tanerature (35 f the organichane, carbonntent is also r
sed and the ced in AD p
mous potentis than one p
n .Source: (C
ment the HP –
bic digester
eased at a cow exergy heaoss occurred g. Figure 5
es. GA n°7239
‐products fr(AD) is a pr
solid matter
from the pritment. Greaested. Screenpumps and sment is gaththickened toheating due
nk reactors (– 39 °C). Duc matter than dioxide anreduced (Bac
technology lants is fromal to exploitpercent of t
Canal de Isab
– LowUP sys
r
onstant tempat contained when the slshows the s
930
rom the primroven technin the sludge
imary treatmases from thnings are notstirring systehered for ADo a dry solidse to excessiv
(CSTR), see ring a retentat is contained trace gasechmann, 201
is well estabm those on mt worldwide he potential
bel II, 2008)
tem are deta
perature arouin the sludgludge is coolsludge efflue
13
mary and ology for e while it
ment, and he grease t suitable ems. The D. Before s content ve water
Figure 4, tion time ed in the es. At the 15).
blished in municipal so as to benefits
ailed.
und 35ºC ge will be led down ent pipes
LowUP Pro
4.1.2 L
The anaconversiexchangproducin
4.1.3 A
First of athe newwill be upump froso as to the cond
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
Figure 5
Low exergy
erobic digesion. The theer, where hng water at 7
Analysis of
all, low temw heat exchanupgraded to om GEA, in oimprove theditions that a
Fig
Case studies de
lued energy sou
5 Digested s
y heat dema
stion requirermal procesheating can 70ºC; the hea
f HP‐LowUP
perature henger developa higher temorder to be re efficiency allow a prope
gure 6 HP-L
escription
urces upgrading
sludge efflue
and: Anaer
es a constanss of sludge be provideat exchange
P application
at (30ºC) wiped and conmperature (6reuse it in thof AD by reder anaerobic
owUP conc
g for buildings a
ent pipes. S
robic digeste
nt temperatuheating is c
ed from comrs have an ex
n in the wa
ill be recovenstructed by 0ºC), by the he heating syducing the ac digestion an
ept applied
and industry us
Source: (Can
er
ure of 35ºC ommonly acmbined heatxchanging ca
astewater tr
ered from thPOZZI, see Fuse of the d
ystem of the amount of ennd biogas ge
in the anae
es. GA n°7239
nal de Isabel
in order to chieved via wt and poweapacity betw
reatment se
he digested sFigure 5. Thedeveloped elthe AD. HP –nergy requireneration.
robic digest
930
II, 2008)
accelerate bwater‐to‐slur (CHP) and
ween 200‐500
ector:
sludge pipesen, recovereectrically dri– LowUP wilred so as to
ter.
14
biological dge heat d boilers, 0 kWth.
s through ed energy iven heat l be used maintain
LowUP Pro
An estim
Table 2
Process
Type of W
Tempera
Flow (av
Operatio
Waste h
Tempera
Heat dem
Demand
Increase
Primary
CO2 Emi
Based odemonstbetweenpossible COP of theating s
4.1.4 A
Now, abmemberwastewatreatmeWire, 20
Figure
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
mated charac
2 Informatio
Water
atures (avera
verage)
on profiles
eat availabil
atures (avera
mand (maxim
d profiles
e in the overa
energy Savin
issions reduc
n the gathetration site n the ranges heat recovehe heat pumsystem heat
Analysis of
bout 71,000 r states, Iceater, but alnt capacity 013).
7: Waste W
Case studies de
lued energy sou
cterisation of
on about cas
age)
ity
age)
mum Power
all efficiency
ngs
ction
red informafor the HP‐of HP‐LowU
ered, which imp, must not exchanger,
f HP‐LowUP
municipal weland, Norwlso organic of the WWT
Water Service
escription
urces upgrading
f the demon
se study 1 (e2015
Gen
Wast
H
of heat exch
Ex
ation, AD ful‐LowUP conUp concept. Ms now of 13 t be underestwhich is betw
P replicabilit
wastewater tay and Swipolluting lo
TPs amounts
es in EuropeCo
g for buildings a
stration site
estimated p5), (EUBIA, 2
neral informa
e Heat availa
Heat deman
hangers)
xpected Impa
fils the requcept. WasteMoreover, itkW but coutimated comween 200kW
ty in the wa
reatment pltzerland. Moads of cons to about 7
e – Public Ponsortium, 20
and industry us
is shown in
per 6.500m3 2016)
ation
Anaerob
ability
Diges
d
act
uirement so e heat and must be pold generate mpared to theW and 500kW
astewater t
ants (WWTPMany of themnnected com775 million p
Private mark013)
es. GA n°7239
the followin
digester). S
bic digester
ted sludge
35.3
53
24
12.8
60
530
24
40
22
48
as to becomheat demaninted out thup to 78 kWe maximum W.
treatment g
Ps) are in opm do not ommercial oppopulation e
ket share. So
930
g table.
Source: (Bac
ºC
m3/day
h/day
kW
ºC
kW
h/day
%
%
%
me a case stnd temperatat the amou
W due to the epower of the
global mark
peration in thonly treat mperations. Tequivalents (
ource: (Urba
15
chmann,
tudy and tures are unt of the expected e current
ket:
he 28 EU municipal The total (Business
anWater
LowUP Pro
The mar
Europe.
steadily
accounts
country
be foun
Wire, 20
The sec
developm
generati
2012).
By 2017
Most of
national
past yea
Europe.
and add
more th
2013).
4.2 Ca
Car manprocess
A
Q
Figure 8
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
rket for mun
Over the pa
while their t
s for almost
amount to 1
d in France,
013).
ctor is expe
ment of wa
on from wa
, wastewate
f them will b
market. The
rs. Especially
Already exis
ditional treat
an one milli
ase study 2
ufacturing cactivities are
Press worksh
Body worksh
Paint worksh
Assembly wo
Quality revie
8: Ford Auto
Case studies de
lued energy sou
nicipal waste
st 20 years,
technical sta
t 20% of th
145 million p
, where mo
ected to gr
astewater pl
stewater tre
er treatment
be placed in
e capacities o
y many new
sting plants
tment techn
on inhabitan
2: Automo
ould be desce described i
hops: Where
hops: Where
hop: Where
orkshop: Wh
ew: Where c
omotive Pla
escription
urces upgrading
ewater treat
the number
ndard impro
e total shar
population e
re than 19,0
ow worldw
lants are: e
eatment, Ch
t plants in Eu
n Southern a
of municipal
plants were
in large citie
nology. The m
nts was the
otive facto
cribed as a sen Figure 9.
e steel tiles a
e the welding
body car is c
here the asse
ars are teste
ant in Almus
g for buildings a
tment plant
of municipa
oved. Germa
re in Europe
equivalents.
000 municip
ide. Some
nergy efficie
emical free
urope are ex
and Eastern
l wastewater
e constructed
es were equ
most recent
facility in Bu
ries
equence of a
are produced
g process is b
coated and p
embling of pa
ed so as to be
ssafes, Spai
and industry us
s will contin
al wastewate
ny is the larg
e. The treat
In addition,
pal wastewa
of the meg
ency improv
water & wa
xpected to a
Europe, rem
r purification
d in medium‐
uipped with
t new plant
ucharest in R
activities for
d by the use o
been carried
painted
arts of highe
e declared “f
n. Source: (
es. GA n°7239
nue to grow
er treatment
gest nationa
ment capac
the largest n
ter plants a
gatrends th
vements of
astewater tre
amount abo
maining Ger
n in Europe h
‐sized and sm
biological w
commission
Romania in 2
the product
of presses.
out.
est quality an
fit for custom
(Ajuntament
930
w in the long
plants has i
l market in E
cities installe
number of p
are located (
at are pus
the systems
eatment, etc
ut 37.6 billio
rmany as th
have increas
mall towns in
astewater tr
ned in a EU
2011 (Busine
tion of cars. T
nd precision
mers”.
d’Almussafe
16
g term in
ncreased
Europe, it
ed in the
lants can
(Business
hing the
s, biogas
c (Royan,
on euros.
e largest
ed in the
n Eastern
reatment
city with
ess Wire,
The main
is done.
es, 2017)
LowUP Pro
Figu
During tthe metand notelectrocthe 196increaseprocess
The painstages oassociatebetweenReyes‐Ca
Auto bod
Among telectroc
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
Car
Raw Materials
ure 9: Car m
he painting al of which t be easily coating proce60's, and byed to 90% o(Akafuah et
nting procesof an automed with the n 48 and 60 arrillo, 2016)
dies are coat
Precleaning:
Phosphating
Electrocoatin
Rinsing: to re
Baking: to cr
these proceoating via th
Case studies de
lued energy sou
r manufacturing pla
Press Workshop
Electricity,
Raw mate
Production
manufacturin
process, vehthey are machipped by ess. Electroco 1970 10% f all vehicleal., 2016; W
ss is said to mobile. Aboupainting sta% of the en).
ted with pain
to remove d
g: to provide
ng: the actua
emove the "
rosslink the p
esses, it has he application
escription
urces upgrading
ant
Logistic raw m
Body Workshop
, gas, thermal energy,
rial stream
n stream
ng process.
hicles need tade. A good stones. Theoating has grof all vehics, and todaansbrough, 2
carry the grt 80‐90 % oage. In termnergy require
nt in a five st
dirt and grea
a better sur
al application
cream coat"
polymeric co
been identn of HP – Low
g for buildings a
Factory Facil
material supply and
Paint Workshop
, water stream
Based on s
to be coatedvehicle surfe process mrown rapidlycles worldwy it is by fa2005).
reatest enviof emissionsms of energyed for assem
tep process.
ase
face for the
n of the pain
of paint tha
oating
ify the posswUP concep
and industry us
ities
d production sched
pAssembWorksh
source: (Euro
d in some waface coating most commoy in popularitwide were ear the most
ronmental bs from auto consumptiombling/painti
The steps ar
paint and fo
nt
at hasn't bon
sible synergyt.
es. GA n°7239
duling
bly hop
Quality
oenergest C
ay to slow dowill also be
only used toty. The proceelectrocoatedcommonly
burden amomobile manon, the paining an autom
re as follows
r additional
ded to the m
y between t
930
y review
Consortium, 2
own the cor smooth andoday is the ess was deved. By 1990 used vehicle
ng all manunufacturing hting stage cmobile (J. L.
:
corrosion pr
metal surface
the phospha
17
Car distribution logistics
2012)
rrosion of d flexible cathodic eloped in this had e coating
facturing has been onsumes Rivera &
rotection
e
ating and
LowUP Pro
Next poi
4.2.1 L
A mixturthen lowbecomespolymer
The elecand elecused. Frecontinuapaint sowhich oc
To keepexchangfull operto achiev
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
Fig
ints, the suit
Low exergy
re of resin anwered into ths the cathodr being very t
ctrocoating tctrical insulatesh paint anally (the rateolids being eccurs particu
the paint pers are desigrating conditve a good pa
Figu
Case studies de
lued energy sou
ure 10: Car
ability of thi
y waste hea
nd binder anhe tank fromde and the ttightly and e
tank is of stetion. Tanks ad solvent are being depeelectrodeposularly rapidly
particles stabgned to holdtions. Individaint stability
ure 11: Elec
escription
urces upgrading
painting. So
s case study
at availabili
nd a paste com an overheatank the anovenly bound
eel constructare pH contre added to tndent on thesited onto thy in slow turn
ble and discd the bath atdual types ofand good de
ctrocoating p
g for buildings a
ource: (Euro
to impleme
ity: Electroc
ontaining thed conveyor aode in an eld to the meta
tion with an rolled, and athe tank as ne rate at whhe vehicles. nover tanks.
crete, it is net a minimumf electropaineposition cha
process. So
and industry us
oenergest Co
nt the HP – L
coating
e pigments aand an electlectrocoatingal surface of
epoxy lininga cathode tonecessary. Thich vehicles Solvent is o
ecessary to m temperaturnts have an aracteristics.
ource: (Akafu
es. GA n°7239
onsortium, 20
LowUP syste
are fed into tric current ag reaction ththe car body
g to provideo anode areahe paint is mare electrocoonly added
cool the tanre between 2optimum op
uah et al., 20
930
012)
em are detail
a tank. The vapplied. This hat results iy.
corrosion rea ratio of upmixed and theoated) to reas it evapor
nk. Chillers a29ºC and 33perating tem
016).
18
ed.
vehicle is car body n a resin
esistance to 4:1 is en added place the rates off,
and heat ºC under
mperature
LowUP Pro
4.2.2 L
The steephosphophospha
This treathe painand incre
4.2.3 H
The HP‐see Figuprovidinso as toacid is welectroc
An estim
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
Low exergy
el that is useoric acid (H3
ates.
atment leadst to stick. Pease the life
Figure 12.
HP‐LowUP
LowUp concure 13. First g the requir preserve phwashed off oat tank.
Figu
mated charac
Case studies de
lued energy sou
y heat dema
d is layered
3PO4) at 50
s to a markehosphating a of the vehic
Precleaning
application
cept will be of all, low ed cooling. Thosphoric acwith water
ure 13. HP- L
cterisation of
escription
urces upgrading
and: Phosph
with the out– 55ºC. Th
ed improvemand paintingcle by 5 ‐ 10 y
g and phosp
n in the auto
applied betexergy wastThen this hecid at a consr and the ve
LowUP appl
f the demon
g for buildings a
hating
ter coating bhe acid reac
ment in corrog together ofyears.
phating pha
omotive ind
ween the pte heat will at will be upstant tempeehicle body
lied in the s
stration site
and industry us
being primarcts with the
osion resistanffer 75 ‐ 90%
ses. Source
dustry
rocesses of be recovere
pgraded and erature betwcarried by
urface cotin
is shown in
es. GA n°7239
ily zinc. This e zinc to giv
nce, both di% of the total
e: (Akafuah e
Electrocoatied from theused in the
ween 50‐55ºCan overhea
ng of car bo
the followin
930
layer is sprave a mixture
rectly and byl corrosion re
et al., 2016).
ng and Phose electrocoatphosphatingC. Excess phad conveyor
dies.
g table.
19
ayed with e of zinc
y helping esistance
sphating, ting tank g process hosphoric r into an
LowUP Pro
Table
Type of P
Type of W
Tempera
Flow (av
Waste h
Type of W
Tempera
Heat dem
Increase
Primary
CO2 Emi
Based onstudy atemperathe amo
treated surfa
must nowhich is
4.2.4 A
Based o
automob
more au
(15). Fig
Europe.
38.000 G
consump
heat con
market s
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
e 3 Informat
Process
Water
atures (avera
verage)
eat availabil
Water
atures
mand
e in the overa
C
Electro
energy Savin
C
Electro
issions reduc
C
Electro
n the gatherand demonsatures are beount of the p
ace but could ot be underearound 2940
Analysis of
n figures pro
bile assembl
utomotive pla
ure 14 show
The total en
GWh/y. Give
ption require
nsumption o
size for HP‐Lo
Case studies de
lued energy sou
tion about c
age)
ity
all efficiency
Cleaning pro
ocoating pro
ngs
Cleaning pro
ocoating pro
ction
Cleaning pro
ocoating pro
red informatstration siteetween the rpossible heatgenerate upestimated co0 kJ/m2 treated
f HP‐LowUP
ovided by th
ly and produ
ants are Ger
ws the global
nergy consum
en that 0.56
ed to produ
f the autom
owUP for the
escription
urces upgrading
case study 2Rivera &
Gen
Waste
H
Ex
cess
cess
cess
cess
cess
cess
tion, car bode for the ranges of HPt recovered ip to 328,8 kJ/mpared to t
d Surface .
P replicabilit
he European
uction plants
rmany (43), F
current num
mption of th
64 MWh of
uce a car rep
otive produc
e automotiv
g for buildings a
2. Source: (JReyes-Carr
neral informa
Autom
e Heat availa
Elect
Heat deman
xpected Impa
dy coating fuHP‐LowUP P‐LowUp conin the electro/m2 treated surfathe current h
ty in the au
n Automobile
s reached 29
France (34), t
mbers for 20
he automotiv
electricity
presents 80%
ction in Euro
e industry ap
and industry us
J. L. Rivera &illo, 2014)
ation
motive body c
ability
tro depositio
d
Phosphatin
act
lfils the requconcept. Wncept. Moreoocoating pro
ace ue to the heating dem
utomotive in
e Manufactu
93 in Europe
the United K
16‐17 achiev
ve productio
is required
% of the tot
ope is aroun
pplication is
es. GA n°7239
& Reyes-Car
coating
on bath
30 ºC
2.6 kg/
54,8 kJ/
ng bath
55 ºC
2940 kJ/
64 %
50 %
54 %
35 %
69 %
57 %
uirement so Waste heat over, it mustocess, which expected CO
mand of the p
ndustry glo
urers Associa
e in 2014. Th
Kingdom (34)
ving 297 pro
on in Europe
to produce
al energy re
d 30,400 GW
estimated at
930
rillo, 2016; J
/m2 treated
/m2 treated s
/m2 treated s
as to becomand heat
t be pointedis now of 54OP of the hephosphating
bal market
ation, the nu
he countries
), Italy (22) a
oduction plan
e in 2014 wa
a car and
equired. So,
Wh/y. As a re
t 3,040 GWh
20
ulio L.
surface
surface
surface
me a case demand out that 4,8 kJ/m2 at pump, process,
t:
umber of
with the
and Spain
ns only in
s around
the heat
the total
esult, the
h/y.
LowUP Pro
Figure
Manufacresult, eFluctuatthe econmanufaclast decawater us
Globally,(EUR 54prognosbillion, ta lesser (Mohr, D
At the eagreemetargets fcar stan2021. ThEurope’simpact astandardby the E
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
e 14. Automo
cturers haveenergy consuions in energnomic crisis,ctures have ade. Long‐tese per car pr
, the autom4 billion) weis for future o EUR 79 bilextent, the D; Muller, N;
end of 2013,ent regardinfor new passdards are 95he light‐coms GHG emissand create ads. CO2 standuropean Com
Case studies de
lued energy sou
obile assem
been workiumption pergy consumpt, as well as significantlyerm strategieoduced by 3
otive industre much higgrowth is evllion. The neUS. Europe, Krieg, A; Ga
, the Europeg two regulsenger cars a5 g/km of COmmercial vehions come fra ripple effedards for newmmission (Th
escription
urces upgrading
mbly and eng(A
ng continuor car production can be evariable we
y reduced thes for reduc5.9% betwee
try has recovgher than inven better. Bw profits wi, Japan, ando, P; Kaas, H
ean Parliameatory propoand light‐comO2, phasing hicle standarom the tranct, since maw vehicles inhe Internatio
g for buildings a
gine producACEA, 2016
usly to impred has beenexplained byeather condhe environmeing water coen 2006 and
vered from tn 2007 (EURBy 2020, gloll come main South KoreH W; Krieger,
ent and the osals that wimmercial vein for 95% ords are 147nsport sectorany countrien the post‐20onal Council
and industry us
ction plants 6).
ove the enen decreased y lower produitions in somental impactonsumption 2015.
the econom 41 billion), bal profits cnly from groea will be sta A; Hensley,
Council of till implemenhicles in theof vehicles in7 g/km of Cr, reaching ths pattern th020 timelineon Clean Tra
es. GA n°7239
in Europe 2
rgy efficiencby 14.6% ouction volumme years. Et of vehicle have made
ic crisis. Indthe last prould increaswth in emeragnant in te2013).
the Europeant mandatore European Un 2020 with CO2 for 2020hese targetsheir regulatioe are currentansportation
930
2016-2017. S
cy of productover the lastmes, especialEuropean auproduction it possible t
ustry profitsecrisis year,se by anotherging marketrms of profi
an Union reay 2020 CO2 Union. The p100% comp. Since a qus will have a ons on the Etly under pre, 2017).
21
Source:
tion. As a t decade. lly during tomobile over the o reduce
s in 2012 and the er EUR 25 ts and, to it growth
ached an emission
passenger pliance in uarter of powerful European eparation
LowUP Pro
4.3 O
HP‐LowUother pr
The puleconomynearly e(at diffewastewa
The maimanufacPapermaresultingwastewa
For mancommoninevitabprocess.biodegrafurnace sludge isimportan
Manufacraw matPulping Thermo‐such as mechanithe intecellulosic
After puany resid
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
Other cases
UP concept ocesses have
p and papey, requiring very step ofrent temperater treatme
n steps in pcturing, Pulpaking. Approg in relativeater treatme
Figu
ny years, then primary trele particulat Treatmentadable organash, scrubbs the largest nt issue.
cturing of puterials, using(SGW), Pres‐Mechanical newsprint, aical operatiorfiber ligninc surfaces fo
ulp productiodual cooking
Case studies de
lued energy sou
s: Pulp and
application e been alrea
er (P&P) ind54 m3 on avef the manufaratures) and ent, discharge
ulp and papp Washing aoximately 85ly large quaent solutions
ure 15: HP-
e majority oeatment mete matter sut options inic matter aber sludge, lvolume was
ulp starts witg chemical asure GroundPulping (CTare manufacons. The proc and causesor interfiber b
on, pulp is pg liquor via t
escription
urces upgrading
d Paper mil
is not limitedy identified
ustry is oneerage of watacturing proresidual slue, and sludge
per manufactnd Screening5% of the waantities of co.
Paper maki
of pulp and thod ‐ to redch as bark, nclude second decreasilime mud, wste stream g
th raw materand mechanidwood PulpiTMP). Thermctured from cess involvess partial rembonding.
rocessed in the pulp wa
g for buildings a
lls.
ed to the apd as potentia
e of the heter per metriocesses, P&Pudge waste, e disposal.
turing are: Rg, Chemical ater used inontaminated
ng process
paper millsduce and redirt and woondary biolng the effluwood procegenerated by
rial preparatical means. ng (PGW), Tomechanicaraw materias high‐tempemoval of the
wide varietyshing proce
and industry us
plications deal application
eaviest usersic ton of finisP mills produpresenting a
Raw materiarecovery, B the P&P ind water and
(Borzaccon
s have usedmove total sood fibers geogical treatent toxicity. ssing residuy the industr
ion. CellulosThe main prThermo‐Mechl pulps, whicals by the aperature steame outer laye
y of ways to ss. Some pu
es. GA n°7239
escribed in sns.
s of water wshed producuce large vola number of
l preparatioleaching, Stodustry is use necessitatin
ni & Noel, 20
the processuspended senerated frotment procComposed als, and varry, making sl
sic pulp is marocesses arehanical Pulpch are used pplication ofming before ers of the fi
remove impulp processin
930
sections 4.1
within the it. With watelumes of waf issues in re
n and handlock Preparated as procesng the use o
013).
ss of clarificaolids (TSS) aom the papeesses for rmainly of brious effluenudge handlin
anufactured e Stone Grouing (TMP), ofor making f heat, in adrefining; thibers, thereb
purities, andng steps that
22
and 4.2,
industrial er used in astewater elation to
ling, Pulp tion, and ss water, of onsite
ation ‐ a and other er‐making removing oiler and nt solids, ng a very
from the undwood or Chemi‐products ddition to is softens by baring
d recycles t remove
LowUP Pro
pulp imchemicaand red
Differenconcenttransfordegree otreatme
Neverthrecoverithe eleva
4.3.1 Lp
The HP‐waste hprocess,the 35 ºC
4.3.2 Lg
Due to deminerboilers. heating condens
The ratemanufac
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
purities arel pulping is wstock washe
t kinds of rations and mation procof self‐sustant sub‐produ
eless wasteng processeated numbe
Low exergprocesses.
LowUp conceat from po and boostinC, and a solid
Low exergygeneration
the elevateralized waterSteam is exto process, sates, so con
Figure 16:
e of vapouctured, varyi
Case studies de
lued energy sou
screening, washed fromers for sulfite
wastewatekinds of pocess. The P&inability fromucts for stea
waters withs, because or of m3 of wa
y waste h
cept pretendolluted wastng it for othd charge hig
y heat dem.
d consumptr used for stxtensively ufor exampletinuous repl
: Sectional v
r consumedng between
escription
urces upgrading
de‐fibering,m the pulp ue.
rs are avaollutants, wit&P industry im the energm based co‐
h temperatuof their low later, which w
heat availa
ds to benefittewaters, incher energeticher than in t
mand: pre‐
tion of steateam generased across e, to the dracement sho
view of a drycon
d in the pa1.5 and 4 kg
g for buildings a
, and de‐knusing pulp w
ilable at dth residual tis characterigetic point ogenerative c
ures below 3evel of exergwould requir
ability: Acti
t the P&P increasing thec purposes. the case that
‐heating of
am, it can bation, reducinall the Paperying of the ould be perfo
yer cylindernfiguration.[
aper makingg vapour/kg P
and industry us
otting. Residashers, calle
ifferent stetemperatureized by highf view, throcycles.
30ºC are nogy, even if wre investmen
ivated Slud
ndustry recove energy effThe effluentt the urban w
f replacem
be proposedng the contrer Plants, aspaper. Not ormed.
r and Conve[21.]
g varies dePaper [21.] (
es. GA n°7239
dual spent ed brown sto
eps and staes depending technologicugh the fully
ot considerewith big amont with large
dge’s from
vering the uiciency of tht has here twaste water
ment water
d to make aribution of fos multifunctall the vap
entional Two
pending of see next figu
930
cooking liquock washers
ages, with g on the precal level andy utilization
ed relevant ount of energpayback.
the pulp
un‐used low he entire prtemperaturetreatment p
in steam
a pre‐heatinossil fuel frotional way tpour is recov
o tier dryer
the type oure).
23
uor from for Kraft
different ecedence d by high of wood
for heat gy due to
making
enthalpy roduction s around lants.
process
ng of the om steam to supply vered via
of paper
LowUP Pro
Figu
Actually,Heat andextendereplacem(medium
4.3.3 A
The Tota
of the Co
Just for vapour/kenergy tconvent
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
re 17: Overa
, and even tod Power), thd. The HP‐Lment water, m) and is able
Analysis of
al production
onfederation
Figure
a rough estikg Paper is that can be sional boiler a
Case studies de
lued energy sou
all dry-end e
o the presenhe use of boLowUP techthat can coe to heated u
f HP‐LowUP
n of Paper pu
n of Europea
e 18: Numbe
mation, if wused, and thsupplied by tare close to 5
escription
urces upgrading
efficiency fo
nce of high eoiler in the hnology can omes from tup to the 75‐
P application
ulp can be es
n Paper indu
er of CEPI P
e consider the 3% of thethe HP‐LowU5 M€/year.
g for buildings a
or paper ma
fficiency sysheating (pre‐complementhe distribut‐80ºC that o
n in the pap
stimated aro
ustry [20.]
Pulp Mills an
hat to dry ale vapour is UP rises up t
and industry us
chine makin
tems such N‐heating) of nt specially ition networkur system ca
per mills pla
ound 40 MTo
nd Total Pul
ll this pulp pnot recoverthe figure of
es. GA n°7239
ng corrugat
Natural gas bwater for vin the stagek at temperan supply.
ants.
onn/year, fol
p Productio
production a red, and sho150 GWh/y
930
ing medium
ased CHP (Cvapour prepae of pre‐heaatures aroun
lowing the s
on [20.]
medium ratould be replayear, whose c
24
m.[21.]
Combined aration is ating the nd 15 ºC
tatistics
te of 2 kg aced, the cost with
LowUP Pro
Next figintentioninterestiwhere th
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
gure informsns of considing to apprehe features o
Fig
Case studies de
lued energy sou
s about theering whereeciate that 3of HP‐LowUP
ure 19: CEP
escription
urces upgrading
e countries e the potent/4 of the prP can be even
PI Total Pulp
g for buildings a
where the ial opportunroduction is n more inter
p1 Productio
and industry us
production nities for thefocused in resting.
on by Count
es. GA n°7239
is concentre HP‐LowUP Northern an
try in 2015 [
930
rated, just can be loca
nd Atlantic c
[20.]
25
with the ated; it is countries,
LowUP Pro
5 De
In order in the lalaboratomethodoconditiostrategieindustria
This devstep is e
1. Proc
The moanalyzedis this dapplicab
During ttype of pcandidat
2. Data
The demacquire ddata capmonitorprocesse
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
evelopmen
to test and aboratories ory facilities ology will cns, in terms es, taking inal processes.
velopment anxplained late
Figur
cess identific
ost promisind in order todocument, wbility of the H
he analysis, process, discte processes
a acquisition
monstration sdata relatedpture for fuing campaiged by the con
Case studies de
lued energy sou
nt and dem
demonstrateof the consof ACCIONA
consist in thof energy anto account
nd demonstrer on.
re 20: Diagra
cation and se
g processeso identify thewhere the chHP‐LowUP sy
aspects suchcontinuity an for waste he
ns and inform
sites are def to the proceurther analygn, the data nsortium.
STAGE 1
STAGE 2
STAGE 3
STAGE 4
STAGE 5
STAGE 6
STAGE 7
escription
urces upgrading
monstrati
e the expectsortium partA, located ihe analysis vailability ant multiple o
ration proces
am of the de
election:
s of automoe availability haracteristicsstem.
h as power, cnd duration eat recovery
mation comp
fined and a pesses and thysis to deteris being ce
ANALY
ACQUIS
MODEL
MANUFAC
INSTALLA
TESTI
REPORT
g for buildings a
ion metho
ed efficiencytners and thin Seville, Sof the systend energy deoptimization
ss consists o
evelopment
otive factoriof waste hes of the pro
capacity, waof operationy through the
pilation:
preliminary meir operatiormine demantralized int
Procselec
Datainfor
Enermath
Equiand
Systepilot
Evalu
YSIS
ITION
LLING
TURING
ATION
NG
RepoTING
and industry us
odology
y of the HP‐Lhe final testpain. The dem's efficienemands, as wn criteria an
f seven stag
t and demon
ies and wateat resourcesocesses have
ter temperan are considee HP‐LowUP
monitoring ins' characteand and wato a databas
cess identificatction
a acquisition anrmation compi
rgy characterizhematical mod
pment manufasoftware deve
em implementt plant
uation and vali
orting and con
es. GA n°7239
LowUP, sevets will be mevelopmentncies under well as undend the requ
es, as depict
nstration pro
ter treatmes. One of theen identified
tures, suspeered in ordesystem.
s being impristics. The maste energy se in order t
ion and
nd ilation
ation and deling
acturing elopment
tation in
idation
clusions
930
ral tasks willmade at thet and demo different oer different ouirements f
ted in Figure
ocess
nt plants ae results of td to assure
ended contamr to identify
lemented in monitoring aprofiles. Duto be access
26
l be done thermal nstration operation operation from the
20. Eaxh
re being this stage the right
mination, the best
order to llows the uring the sible and
LowUP Pro
3. Ener
During trelated demandto develduring ththeoreti
4. Equi
Stage 4,includestechnolosystems ACCIONA
Furthermaccount of the eq
D3.1 C
oject – Low val
rgy characte
his stage, thto waste he, equipmentlop the mathe energy prcal model of
ipment man
, which beg the study, ogies. The dewere finisheA.
more, the algthe acquiredquipment.
Figure 2
Case studies de
lued energy sou
erization and
e acquired deat availabilt's coefficienthematical mrediction tasf the HP‐Low
Figu
ufacturing a
ins early in characteriz
evelopment ed and valida
gorithms for d informatio
22: CFD simu
escription
urces upgrading
d mathemati
data are beinity (in termnts of performodels of thks, as well as
wUP system.
re 21: Initial
and software
the projectzation and dof the each ated interna
the optimalon from the d
ulations car
g for buildings a
cal modeling
ng analyzed as of time amance and he energy res to design t
l HP-LowUP
e developme
t and is exedevelopmensystem is dolly they will
control anddemonstrati
rried out dur
and industry us
g:
and processend working boundary coesources andhe system la
P TRNSYS m
ent:
ecuted in pat of the heone by each be sent to th
supervisionon sites, as w
ring the hea
es. GA n°7239
ed in order toconditions),
onditions. Thd demands ayouts. Figur
model.
arallel to theeat exchangmanufacturehe thermal la
are being dwell as the o
at exchange
930
o extract info, patterns ohe data is bethat are bee 21 shows t
e previous agers and heer in house. aboratory fa
eveloped, taoperation eff
er design.
27
ormation of energy eing used eing used the initial
activities, at pump Once the cilities of
aking into ficiencies
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ACEA. (20http://www
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Borzacconi, Environment
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] MetcWastewaterhttps://book
] Mohroad to 202Company, 24
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mobile Indloads/public
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., Salaimeh, Ady coatingcoatings6020
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o, T. (2014). painting p4.06.022
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