case study - rua.ua.esrua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/56162/1/exploring... · as a surprising...
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Exploring the research process through the innovation journey of tourism entrepreneurs
case study
Dr Isabel RodríguezInstitute of Tourism Research University of Alicante, Spain
I INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY RESEARCH18th April, Alicante
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1 The research process
2 3
Research choices
Research project design
Data collection
Analysis and interpretation
Pre-Publication
1 4 5
Novel, original opportunities recognition: problems, knowledge gaps, etc.
Identify potential collaborators
Active search for similar research, trends, or serendipitous encounter, etc.
Research aims and hypothesis
Resources needed
Strategy and tools (methodology)
Research subjects (who and where they are) Conduct the
study
Coding and entering data
Recruit subjects
Publication
Impact on society, on policy, etc.
Citation, peers recognition, awards, etc.
Exchange opinion with peers in conferences
Evaluation of the sample statistically/qualitatively
6
Interpreting the results
Start writing a paper
Manuscript submission and journal review process
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1 My research choiceTourism innovation is a novel area of research
Topic of the search: tourism innovationSource: Web of science
Published items in the latest 20 years Citations/year in the latest 20 years
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1 My research choice
Local systems of innovation (destinations)
Tourism firms innovation
Networks clusters and regions
National systems of tourism innovation. Government and tourism innovation
policyMain areas of research
so far…
…but still fragmented studies and
many gaps and challenges…
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THE CHALLENGE: UNDERSTANDING INNOVATION EMERGENCE
Work with innovative entrepreneurs to
explore their innovation journey
MY RESEARCH CHOICE
1 2
1 My research choice
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2 How I designed my research
Population of innovators
Number of proposals funded and denied by Emprendetur Young
Entrepreneurs, 2012-2014
A controlled sample of firms participating in a public
programme (Emprendeturin Spain) which grants loans
to young entrepreneurs (under 40) with innovative
projects in tourism.
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1) Desk research about the firms and their founders: types of innovations, founders identity, position and background: web site analysis and LinkedIn public information to determine prior knowledge and experience brought into the process.
2-stage methodology
2 How I designed my research
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The entrepreneurial personality
The influence of learning.
Entrepreneurial attributes acquired by
education
Career progression. Previous work experience
connection with new entrepreneurial venture
Previous entrepreneurial experience
Entrepreneurial team networks
Complementary skills and knowledge of the entrepreneurial team
2 How I designed my research
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2) Qualitative approach: semi-structured interviews so the innovators can narrate their journey from idea generation to innovation diffusion: idea emergence, motivation to invest in tourism, critical moments and obstacles, networking, etc.
2 How I designed my research
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3 Data collection
Between July and September 2014, 24 entrepreneurs interviewed throughSkype
Transcription of audio recordings
4 Analysis and interpretation
Discourse analysis: data reduction through code application, categorizing, recurrent themes, relevant quotes, etc.
Analysis of the innovators background
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As a surprising discovery…“New-to-tourism” entrepreneurs
Fig 1. Entrepreneurs’ Educational Background
Source: Own elaboration based on LinkedIn profiles. A total sample of 32 founders and co-founders.
0 5 10 15 20 25
General Secondary Education
Professional Education
Tourism
Marketing
Business
Engineering
1
1
1
2
2
25
FurtherEducation
Higher Education/UndergraduateStudies
4 Analysis and interpretation
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4 Analysis and interpretation
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As a surprising discovery…“New-to-tourism” entrepreneurs.Possible interpretation:
In tourism brought-in technology is an important driver of innovation.
In Spain, tourism programmes do not formally encourage innovative entrepreneurship (either undergraduate and postgraduate studies) through specific subjects. They tend to prepare students to work for the industry.
Innovative capacity of the tourism sector to generate in-house innovation?
Source: Own elaboration based on LinkedIn profiles. A total sample of 32 founders and co-founders.
4 Analysis and interpretation
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What led these individuals to create innovative ventures intourism?
Tourism a relevant, strong and strategic economic sector with less risk and uncertainty.
Tourism a technology-laggard sector and niche-subsectors (e.g. restaurants, ski resorts)
4 Analysis and interpretation
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4 Analysis and interpretation
Interpretation of the process and key observations
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5 Pre-publication and publication
Diffusion of findings at:
23rd Nordic Symposium on Tourism and Hospitality Research, Copenhagen Denmark 1-4 October 2014
International Tourism Hospitality and Events Conference organisedby the School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Surrey, 19-22 July.
Working on a paper near to submission to a high impact journal (Annals of Tourism Research).
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What’s next, new challenges
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- Follow-up study (innovation failure or success).- Different types of innovators and innovations. Influence of
different institutional and tourism settings (Comparisons between UK and Spain).
- Extract policy recommendations and implications.
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Thank you very much for your [email protected]
Dr Isabel RodríguezInstitute of Tourism Research
University of Alicante, Spain