catalog of vale r&d investments involving external partnerships2013/11/04 · investments in...
TRANSCRIPT
Catalog of Vale R&D Investments involving external partnershipsDecember 2012
Photo: Lucas Lenci / Vale Agency
2
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
AddendaStart
This catalog covers research and development (R&D)1 projects and research scholarships funded by Vale between 2009 and 2012, by means of external partnerships, managed by Partnership and Resources Management and by Technology and Intellectual Property Management. The data presented herein also includes projects developed by the Vale Institute of Technology (ITV).
1. Throughout this catalog, an R&D project is defined as “creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications.”.–Frascati Manual; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development, 6th ed., 2002.
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
3
Start
Photo: Márcio Dantas / Vale Agency
4
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
AddendaStart
The initiatives presented in this catalog clearly demonstrate Vale’s
perception with regards to the value of knowledge and education.
These two pillars of a nation’s development are also key to the success
of our company. To paraphrase a Vale motto, there is no mining without
thinking about the future, and there is no future without education and
the production of knowledge.
By supporting initiatives involving partnerships with the academic
community, Vale´s vision generates a virtuous circle: financial resources
invested in universities produce knowledge, which is seized by the
industry, and produces wealth (financial resources), thus contributing to
the social and economic growth of our country. For Vale, integrating this
circuit is a key component in our operational sustainability.
I would like to take this opportunity to thank everyone who has
contributed to develop this initiative. Science, technology and innovation
are all integral parts of Vale operations in a practical and real manner,
leading us to discover new ways to address the demands of the new
times.
Murilo FerreiraVale Chief Executive Officer
Letter from the CEO
5
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
AddendaContents
Contents
0102
03
Introduction | 6
Investments in R&D projects | 10
Investments in the training of specialized human resources | 37
R&D investments in Brazil | 12
R&D Investments abroad | 16
The profile of Vale’s portfolio of R&D projects involving external partnerships 18
R&D projects according to subject matter | 20
R&D network projects | 33
Investments in research scholarships in Brazil | 39
Research scholarships, by type | 43
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
3.1
3.2
3.3
Projects and Interviews | 48
Indicators | 61
Glossary and Addenda | 62
Letter from the Director | 67
Partnerships under development for HR training | 47
INTRODUCTION 6
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda01 Introduction
01 Introduction
This catalog details investments made in scientific and technological
research conducted by the Vale Institute of Technology (ITV) and the
Partnership and Resources Management and by the Technology and
Intellectual Property Management, since 2009, the year ITV was founded,
through partnerships with Institutes of Science and Technology (ISTs)
and/or other companies. These investments amount to approximately
USD 223.3 million2, including USD 32.58 million in financial resources
from external partners, such as the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES),
National Science and Technology Development Council (CNPq) and State
Research Foundations (FAPs), among others.
In the following chapters, the main features of the R&D portfolio,
consisting of 161 projects and 821 research scholarships, will be
presented. Of these projects, 151 are being developed in partnership
with Brazilian research groups and the remaining 10 with international
research groups. Of the latter, five involve partnerships with U.S. and
Canadian companies3. Country-by-country distribution can be observed
in Map 1 and a state-by-state distribution of investments in Brazil is
presented in Table 1.
Initially, this information will be presented by identifying the
geographical operation of the research involved. Subsequently, data on
the R&D projects will be presented according to their subject areas, while
the information regarding research scholarships will demonstrate Vale’s
investments in training of specialized human resources.
Presentation of investments in R&D projects and in research scholarships, carried out through partnerships between Vale, the ITV and ISTs and/or companies
2. For investments in foreign currency, the price on the date the respective agreements were entered into was considered, based on the exchange rate published by the Central Bank. Furthermore, the values do not consider the amounts related to the initiatives reported in Chapter 3.3 (Science Without Borders Program; National Program to Stimulate Engineer Training - Engineering Training; and Academic Cooperation for Enhancement and Technical Training of Engineers of the Republic of Mozambique);3. Source: Vale (July 2012).
INTRODUCTION 7
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Source: Vale (2012)
Countries with R&D projects and/or research scholarships contracted
Countries with R&D projects and/or research scholarships in partnership with Brazilian ISTs, but which do not receive resources directly from Vale.
Map 1 – Distribution of the portfolio of R&D projects around the world
Canada1 projectUSD 49.00 M
Brazil151 projects821 scholarshipsUSD 90.48 M
USA4 projectsUSD 63.06 M
Wales1 projectUSD 0.65 M
Chile1 projectUSD 0.41 M
Australia3 projectsUSD 19.75 M
Oman
Mozambique
TotalR&D Projects: 161Research Scholarships: 821Financial Resources: US$ 223.3 M
INTRODUCTION 8
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
State Nº of projects Nº of Scholarships Value
MG 68 234 32.79
PA 38 429 22.11
SP 29 109 19.29
RN 1 0 11.88
RS 5 21 2.15
RJ 5 8 0.81
ES 1 9 0.59
DF 2 4 0.47
GO 1 0 0.18
SC 1 5 0.17
PE 0 1 0.02
PR 0 1 0.02
151 821 90.48
Table 1: Total funds4 invested in Brazil, by state (USD M)
Source: Vale (2012)
4. For chapters 2 and 3, information pertaining to research projects and scholarships will be dealt with separately. However, it is worth noting that: (i) investments earmarked for R&D projects also include research scholarships funded by the respective projects; and (ii) investments earmarked for research scholarships also include funding by means of specific bids for scholarship awards.
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
INTRODUCTION 9 Photo: Lucas Lenci / Vale Agency
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 10
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Investments in R&D projects02Analysis of the portfolio of R&D projects: distribution by research subject and geographical location, portfolio profile and configuration of research networks
In this chapter, investments in R&D projects being developed through
partnerships with national and international institutions will be
presented5. Firstly, the geographic distribution of the R&D projects,
within Brazil and around the world, will be described. Then, the portfolio
of projects will be analyzed according to the types of research (basic
research, applied research and experimental development, as defined in
the Frascati Manual6) and the characteristic of the projects (incremental,
new platform and disruptive).
5. The financial resources intended exclusively for funding R&D research scholarships will be dealt with in the next chapter.6. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development, 6th ed., 2002.
Subsequently, the portfolio of R&D projects will be classified according
to areas of scientific knowledge, the types of Vale businesses and as
characterized with regards to the mining chain processes and support
activities. Finally, the characteristics of the sub-group of projects
developed within interstate networks, which involves the exchange of
knowledge among research groups from different Brazilian ISTs will be
analyzed.
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 11 Photo: Leonardo Ferreira / Vale Agency
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 12
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
2.1 R&D investments in Brazil
Of the 161 R&D projects presented here, 151 are spread around ten
Brazilian states, and these account for approximately USD 88.86 million.
Most projects are developed in the States of Minas Gerais, Pará and São
Paulo and thus financial resources spent in these states will naturally be
greater than in the other states, as can be ascertained in Map 2. This fact
is mainly justified by the 114 projects funded by Vale in conjunction with
three state Research Foundations (FAPs): FAPEMIG, FAPESPA and FAPESP.
Vale’s partnership with the FAPs was formally initiated in 2009 through a
public call for projects, in which Vale and the state governments of Minas
Gerais, Pará and São Paulo invested resources in the in strategic areas
both for the company and for those states, with the aim of producing
and developing high-quality science, technology and innovation in these
three regions.
The Vale-FAPs agreement is also primarily responsible for the high
volume of resources invested in projects in partnership with the main
ISTs7 of these three States: the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG),
the Federal University of Pará (UFPA) and the University of São Paulo
(USP), as seen in Chart 1.
Chart 1 is arranged in decreasing order of resources invested, state-by-
state. It is seen that the block formed by the ISTs of Minas Gerais has a
better rate of distribution among the universities that received funding,
with the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and the Federal
University of Ouro Preto (UFOP) topping the list. In Pará and São Paulo,
investments in R&D projects are heavily concentrated respectively in the
Federal University of Pará (UFPA) and in the State University of São Paulo
(USP), but it is seen that UFPA has deserved the largest funding in the
Resources have been invested in R&D projects in the five geographical regions of Brazil.
7. A list of the ISTs is available in Table 6, at the end of this catalogue.
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 13
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Map 2 – Distribution of the R&D project portfolio in Brazil
Source: Vale (2012)
RN
MG
ES
RJ
SP
SCRS
DF
GO
PA
38 projectsUSD 20.81 M 1 project
USD 11.88 M
5 projectsUSD 2.10 M 1 project
USD 0.13 M
29 projectsUSD 19.22 M
5 projectsUSD 0.81 M
1 projectUSD 0.59 M
2 projectsUSD 0.47 M
1 projectUSD 0.18 M
68 projectsUSD 32.68 M
TotalR&D Projects: 151Financial Resources: USD 88.86 M
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 14
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Chart 1 - Distribution of resources invested in ISTs in Brazil, by state (USD M)
Source: Vale (2012)
MG
PA38 projectsUSD 20.81 M
68 projectsUSD 32.68 M
INPE SP
UFOP
0 5 10 15 20
7.556.89
5.78
4.19
2.59
1.75
0.69
0.690.640.560.45
0.22
0.180.170.15
0.10
0.08
UFMG
UFV
UFLA
UNIFEI
CEFET BH
UNIFAL
EMBRAPA MG
BIODIVERSITAS
IFTMG
FIOCRUZ MG
PUC MG
UFU
UFSJ
CDTN
UFJF
UFVJM
UFPA
MPEG
UEPA
EMBRAPA PA
INPE
16.931.451.37
0.770.29
SP
RN1 projectUSD 11.88 M
29 projectsUSD 19.22 M
0 5 10 15 20
13.242.27
0.99
0.84
0.62
0.49
0.41
0.230.12
USP
UNESP
UFSCAR
ITA
UNICAMP
CTBE
IPT
UNIFESP
UFRN 11.88
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 15
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Source: Vale (2012)
RJ
ES1 projectUSD 0.59 M
5 projectsUSD 0.81 M
0 5 10 15 20
0.48
0.19
0.14
UFRJ
PUC RJ
CETEM
UFES 0.59
DF
SC1 projectUSD 0.13 M
2 projectsUSD 0.47 M
0 5 10 15 20
UNESC 0.13
RS5 projectsUSD 2.10 M
URFGS 1.99
UNILASALLE 0.10
UNB 0.47
GO1 projectUSD 0.18 M
UFG 0.18
Chart 1 - Distribution of resources invested in ISTs in Brazil, by state (USD M)
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 16
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
2.2 R&D investments abroad
Of the ten ongoing R&D projects abroad, five consist in partnerships
with business R&D centers8 and another five in partnerships with ISTs. In
the case of partnerships with other companies, Vale has invested around
USD 112.06 million. Vale has also invested around USD 20.81 million in
conjunction with some ISTs.
Among the projects developed with international ISTs, there is a project
that accounts for approximately USD 15 million currently underway
with the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization
(CSIRO) in Australia, one of the largest research institutions in the world.
As a global company, Vale also invests in the development of R&D projects in partnership with international institutions.
Chile and Wales are also represented, as Chart 2 shows, including
investments of USD 407,900 with the University of Chile, and USD
650,000 with the University of Bangor, respectively.
In the United States and Canada, partnerships involving companies have
been formed. In Canada, around USD 49 million have been invested in
the development of a project involving transportation solutions. In the
United States, there are four projects being developed in partnership
with three different companies, totaling more than USD 63.06 million in
investments.
8. Fonte: Vale (julho/2012).
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 17
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Chile
Universidad de Chile1 project - USD 0.41 M
Canada
Partner company1 project - USD 49.00 M
United States
Partner companies4 projects - USD 63.06 M
Wales
Bangor University1 project - USD 0.65 M
Australia
University of Queensland1 project - USD 1.15 M
CSIRO1 project - USD 15.00 M
Total ValueUSD 132.87 M
47.5%
36.9%
0.5%
14.9%
0.3%
DET CRC1 project - USD 3.60 M
Chart 2 - Distribution of R&D projects abroad, by country.
Source: Vale (2012)
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 18
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
2.3 The profile of Vale’s portfolio of R&D projects carried out by means of external partnerships
Types of research
In order to analyze the R&D project portfolio, Vale classifies these
projects into three different types of research, according to the concepts
laid out in the Frascati Manual : basic research, applied research and
experimental development.
Of the 161 R&D projects, 110 can be classified as applied research, with
the purpose of generating new knowledge in the solution of scientific
and technological challenges specific to the company’s operations. These
projects have required investments of approximately USD 66.54 million.
As can be seen in Chart 3, the 14 experimental development projects
account for 59.9%, or more than USD 132.71 million, of the total
resources. The greater share of R&D investments in these projects stems
from the fact that they often involve the actual implementation of some
large scale equipment.
Distribution of projects and of their respective investments according to the types of research and the characteristic of the projects
Chart 3 Percentage distribution of investment values, by type of research
Source: Vale (2012)
9. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development, 6th Ed., 2002.
Experimental Development: 59.9%14 projects - USD 132.71 M
Applied Research: 30.0%110 projects - USD 66.54 M
Basic Research: 10.1%37 projects - USD 22.48 M
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 19
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Chart 4 - Percentage distribution of values invested, by characteristic of the project
Source: Vale (2012)
10. Fonte: Vale (julho/2012).
Basic research, in turn, is associated with studies that generally do
not seek immediate application and, therefore, do not include actual
field trials. Accordingly, basic research receives a less significant
volume of resources than other types of research (USD 22.48 million,
approximately). Nevertheless, 37 R&D projects are being sponsored,
confirming Vale’s long-term commitment to the advance of new and
original scientific knowledge in areas of interest to the company.
Characteristic of the projects
In addition to the different types of research, R&D projects also have
different characteristics, which correspond to the level of development
of the technology. The characteristic of the project is defined according
to its expected impact on the markets and the businesses in which the
solutions and technologies arising from R&D projects will be applied.
Accordingly, projects can be classified as “incremental”, “new platform”
or “disruptive”.
In Chart 4, we can see that 62 projects were classified as incremental
and have so far received 23.96 million, or 10.8%, of the total resources
invested in ISTs or other companies .
Projects defined as “new platform”, currently consisting of 78 research
projects, have received approximately USD 51.97 million, more than
twice the amount received by incremental projects, since the purpose
of this type research project is to come up with emerging technological
solutions that will create competitive advantages for the company.
Finally, we can observe the projects defined as disruptive in Chart 4,
which, although in smaller quantity, received the largest volume of
resources, compared to the other categories, invested by Vale (USD
145.80 million, approximately), or more than 65.8% of the total. It
demonstrates the company’s concern with investing in projects that
create solutions for the future, since these projects are related to the
development of new technological routes that lead to major changes in
the structure of the mining industry.
Disruptive: 65.8%21 projects - USD 145.80 M
Incremental: 10.8%62 projects - USD 23.96 M
New Platform: 23.4%78 projects - USD 51.97 M
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 20
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
2.4 Thematic Distribution of R&D projects
Areas of Knowledge
From a thematic standpoint, the projects are classified into different
areas of knowledge11. We can observe in Chart 5 that the general area of
knowledge entitled “Engineering” stands out for having received almost
80% of the investments, with 66 projects accounting for approximately
USD 177.62 million. It is seen that the projects classified in the areas
of “Mechanical Engineering”, “Chemical Engineering”, “Electrical
Engineering” and “Mining Engineering” have received a greater volume
of investments when compared to the other “Engineering” areas
The R&D projects will be presented in three different types of classification: areas of knowledge; business type and minerals; and by mining chain processes and support activities.
The general area “Physical Sciences” also deserves to be highlighted as
it attracted investments of approximately USD 18.03 million, distributed
over 31 projects. Most of the resources invested in this general area, USD
12.26 million, have been directed to Geoscience projects.
The general area “Biological Sciences” area has attracted 33 projects,
distributed among the following areas: “Biochemistry”, “Zoology”,
“Ecology”, “General Biology”, “Microbiology” and “Botany”.
11. The classification of projects by area of knowledge complies with the criteria used by the National Science and Technology Development Council (CNPq). According to these criteria, the general “Multidisciplinary” area includes projects in the “Interdisciplinary”, “Science and Mathematics Teaching”, “Matter” and “Biotechnology” areas. For this catalog, only the “Interdisciplinary” and “Biotechnology” areas belong to this scope. The “Interdisciplinary” area, in turn, corresponds to projects classified in more than one area of knowledge.
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 21
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Chart 5 – Distribution of investments, by General Knowledge Area and Area (USD M)
Source: Vale (2012)
Electrical Eng.
Chemistry
0 14 28 42 7056
ENGINNERING66 projectsUSD 177.62 M
0 14 28 42 7056
58.44
54.0740.99
16.29
3.38
2.00
1.11
0.730.57
Chemical Eng.
Transportation Eng.
Sanitation Eng.
Material and Metal Eng.
Electrical Eng.
Civil Eng.
Production Eng.
80.1%
PHYSICAL SCIENCES31 projects USD 18.03 M
12.26
2.93
2.28
0.42
0.14
Geosciences
Computer Science
Probability and Stat.
8.1%
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES33 projects USD 11.86 M
4.57
2.52
2.28
1.35
0.91
0.23
Ecology
Microbiology
General Biology
Botany
5.3%
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES22 projects USD 10.49 M
9.03
0.86
0.33
0.26
Fish Stocks and Fishing Engineering
Forestry Resources and Forestry Engineering
4.7%
Mechanical Eng. Biochemistry
Zoology
Physics
Agronomy
Agricultural Eng.
Naval and Oceanographic Eng. 0.05
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 22
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Chart 5 – Distribution of investments, by General Knowledge Area and Area (USD M)
Source: Vale (2012)
Anthropology
Education
Inter-disciplines
Biotechnology
Collective Health
0 14 28 42 7056
APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES1 projectUSD 1.28 M
1.28
0.6%
HUMANITIES2 projects USD 0.58 M
0.39
0.19
0.3%
HEALTH SCIENCE1 projectUSD 0.06 M
0 20 40 60 120
0.08%
80 100
MULTIDISCIPLINARY5 projectsUSD 1.81 M
0.82%
0.06
1.62
0.19
Architecture and Urbanism
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 23
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
The projects classified in the General Areas have been distributed
geographically, as can be seen in Map 3. Table 2 specifies the number
of projects and amount of resources invested in the general areas of
knowledge on a region-by-region basis.
As can be observed, the Southeastern region is responsible for most
resources invested, with approximately USD 53.30 million invested in 103
research projects. As previously commented, Vale-FAPESP and FAPEMIG
partnerships contribute significantly to these numbers. In this region,
the resources are distributed among the eight General Knowledge Areas,
with an emphasis on “Engineering” (USD 27.25 million), with more than
half of the total invested; followed by: “Biological Sciences” (USD 8.81
million); “Agricultural Sciences” (USD 8.15 million); and “Physical Sciences”
(USD 7.84 million).
With 38 projects and around USD 20.81 million invested, the northern
region has the highest amount invested in “Engineering” (USD 8.81
million) and “Physical Sciences” (USD 5.38 million).
Southeast North Northeast South Midwest
PROJECTS VALUE PROJECTS VALUE PROJECTS VALUE PROJECTS VALUE PROJECTS VALUE
Agricultural Sciences 18 8.15 4 2.33 - - - - - -
Engineering 40 27.25 14 8.81 1 11.88 3 1.56 - -
Physical Sciences 18 7.84 7 5.38 - - 2 0.56 3 0.64
Applied Social Sciences 0 0.34 1 0.94 - - - - - -
Multidisciplinary 3 0.65 1 0.01 - - - - - -
Biological Sciences 22 8.81 10 2.94 - - 1 0.10 - -
Humanities 1 0.19 1 0.39 - - - - - -
Health Sciences 1 0.06 - - - - - - - -
103 53.30 38 20.81 1 11.88 6 2.22 3 0.64
Table 2: Geographic distribution of the resources invested in Brazil, by General Area of Knowledge (USD M)
Source: Vale (2012)
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 24
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Map 3 – Geographical and percentage distribution of the resources invested in Brazil, by General Area of Knowledge
Source: Vale (2012)
Applied Social Sciences
Agricultural Sciences
Engineering
Physical Sciences
Multidisciplinary
Biological Sciences
Humanities
Health Sciences
NE
1 projectUSD 11.88 M
SE
103 projectsUSD 53.30 M
S
6 projectsUSD 2.22 M
N
38 projectsUSD 20.81 M
CO
3 projectsUSD 0.64 M
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 25
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
In the Northern region the Vale-FAPESPA Agreement has a key role, since
Pará is an important state for Vale´s operations.
In the Northeastern region, the general “Engineering” area accounts
for the total amount invested in a single research project, with
approximately USD 11.88 million.
In the Southern region, research projects are distributed among three
main areas, accounting for more than USD 2.22 million in investments; of
this amount, three “Engineering” projects account for approximately USD
1.56 million.
In the Midwest region, investments are geared toward three projects
classified in the general “Physical Sciences” area, accounting for around
USD 0.64 million of the resources.
Business and mineral type
In addition to the areas of knowledge, R&D projects presented here
were also classified according to the “type of business” or “mineral type”.
For this study, the following categories were considered as “type of
business”: environment and sustainability; logistics; health and safety;
and a “transversal” category, which includes projects that fall into more
than one Vale business areas. With regards to the “mineral type”, the
following categories were considered in order to classify R&D projects:
iron ore, copper, nickel, manganese, coal, phosphorus and potassium.
As can be seen in Chart 6, the greatest volume of resources, amounting
to approximately USD 66.50 million, was invested in projects that involve
the “transversal” business type, which indicates that often the objective
of contracted projects are relevant to more than one business areas of
the company.
It is also relevant to emphasize that no less than 59 research projects
are categorized as “environment and sustainability”, representing the
highest number of projects in the portfolio. This is a strong indication of
the company’s commitment in the search for solutions that contribute to
sustainable development.
With regards to the “mineral types” classification, iron ore occupies a
prominent position, as in addition to being the company’s core business
it occupies a strong position in Vale’s future business strategy. Thus most
of the investments, approximately USD 56.58 million, has been directed
to the 36 projects in this class.Photo: Prof. Dr. Catarina Toledo / UnB
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 26
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Chart 6 – Distribution of the invested resources, by business type and mineral type (USD M)
Source: Vale (2012)
Pota
ssiu
m
66.50
56.58
29.5525.74
20.7316.62
1.76 1.462.540.06
Tran
sver
sal
Iron
Ore
Copp
er
Nic
kel
Logi
stic
s
Man
gane
se
Phos
phor
us
Coal
Number of Projects
33 59 9 1 36 10 2 24 1
Hea
lth a
nd
Safe
ty
4
0.19
Envi
ronm
ent a
nd
Sust
aina
bilit
y
Type of Business Type of Mineral
TotalR&D Projects: 161Financial Resources: USD 221.73 M
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 27
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
The number of projects classified by type of business and type of mineral
have been distributed geographically, as can be seen in Map 4.
The Southeast region has the largest number of projects, which are well
distributed in each of the classifications of “business type and mineral
type.” Table 3 specifies the number of projects and amount of resources
invested in each of the classifications by region.
The North region also has a significant volume of investments, with a
focus for those projects classified as “environment and sustainability”.
From a total of 38 research projects developed in this region, specifically
in the state of Pará, 22 correspond to this category, representing a total
of more than USD 10.34 million of resources invested in “environment
and sustainability”.
Finally, it is worth noting the funds invested in the Northeast on a project
in the area of “logistics”, valued at approximately USD 11.88 million.
Southeast North Northeast South Midwest
PROJECTS VALUE PROJECTS VALUE PROJECTS VALUE PROJECTS VALUE PROJECTS VALUE
Environment and Sustainability 36 15.28 22 10.34 - - 1 0.13 - -
Logistics 4 1.77 4 2.97 1 11.88 - - - -
Health and Safety 1 0.19 - - - - - - - -
Transversal 21 8.47 4 2.65 - - 3 1.76 2 0.36
Coal 1 0.75 1 0.45 - - 1 0.19 - -
Copper 8 14.41 - - - - 1 0.14 - -
Phosphorus 2 0.88 1 0.17 - - - - - -
Manganese 1 1.39 1 0.36 - - - - - -
Iron Ore 27 9.36 5 3.87 - - - - 1 0.29
Nickel 1 0.73 - - - - - - - -
Potassium 1 0.06 - - - - - - - -
103 53.30 38 20.81 1 11.88 6 2.22 3 0.64
Table 3: Geographic distribution of the resources invested in Brazil, by type of business and type of mineral (USD M)
Source: Vale (2012)
Type
of B
usin
ess
Type
of M
iner
al
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 28
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Map 4 – Geographical and percentage distribution of the resources invested in Brazil, by type of business and type of mineral (USD M)
Source: Vale (2012)
Manganese
Nickel
Iron Ore
Environment and Sustainability
Transversal
Copper
Logistics
CoalHealth and Safety
Potassium
Phosphorus
NE
1 projectUSD 11.88 M
SE
103 projectsUSD 53.30 M
S
6 projectsUSD 2.22 M
N
38 projectsUSD 20.81 M
CO
3 projectsUSD 0.64 M
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 29
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Mining chain processes and support activities
R&D projects can also be classified according to the mining chain
processes and support activities related to these processes. For
this catalog, the following classifications were considered: energy,
exploration, logistics, environment , planning and mining, mineral
processing and productization.
The “planning and mining” processes stand out as they are clearly Vale’s
main business activity, as can be seen in Chart 7, thus accounting for the
largest amount of funds, more than USD 94.66 million.
Subsequently, the 82 projects classified as “environment” processes are
worthy of mention, accounting for approximately USD 52.58 million.
As for “logistics”, in addition to the R&D projects directed to the
development of logistical operations in general, resources for ports and
railroad logistics were also considered. Investments in this class account
for approximately USD 17.13 million, spread among 11 projects.
Finally, it is also worth noting the six “productization” projects, which aim
to improve final products, as in the case of pellets for the production of
iron ore. These projects are underway and account for approximately
USD 3.17 million of the resources invested.
12. It is important to note that, as with “business type and mineral”, the terms “environment” and “logistics” also appear in this classification. This is justified by the fact that it includes support activities related to processes in the mining production chain.
Photo: Prof. Dr. Welitom Borges / UnB
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 30
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Chart 7 - Distribution of resources invested, by mining supply chain process and support activity (USD M)
Source: Vale (2012)
52.58
37.41
17.13
8.62 8.163.17
Plan
ning
and
M
inin
g
Envi
ronm
ent
Min
eral
Pr
oces
sing
Logi
stic
s
Ener
gy
Expl
orat
ion
Prod
uctiz
atio
n
Number of Projects
10 82 27 11 13 12 6
94.66 TotalR&D Projects: 161Financial Resources: USD 221.73 M
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 31
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Map 5 shows the geographical distribution of the research projects in
mining chain processes and related support activities in the Southeast
region, involving the seven classifications identified above: “energy”,
“exploration”, “logistics”, “environment”, “planning and mining”,
“mineral processing” and “productization”. As can be seen in Table 4,
“environment” has attracted a large number of projects and investments,
with 53 projects accounting for approximately USD 19.71 million . The
“mineral processing” category comes next, accounting for USD 16.64
million, which corresponds to 31.2% of the resources of the Southeast
region.
In the Northern region, there is also a large volume of investments in the
“environment” category, accounting for more than USD 12.45 million,
spread over 25 projects.
It is seen that in the Northeastern region, USD 11.88 million is earmarked
to a single project in the “logistics” process.
Southeast North Northeast South Midwest
PROJECTS VALUE PROJECTS VALUE PROJECTS VALUE PROJECTS VALUE PROJECTS VALUE
Environment 53 19.71 25 12.45 - - 3 0.42 - -
Mineral Processing 17 16.64 5 3.27 - - - - 1 0.29
Exploration 5 2.98 2 1.12 - - 2 0.56 2 0.36
Productization 5 2.73 1 0.45 - - - - - -
Planning and Mining 5 1.36 - - - - 1 1.24 - -
Energy 12 7.61 1 0.54 - - - - - -
Logistics 6 2.27 4 2.97 1 11.88 - - - -
103 53.30 38 20.81 1 11.88 6 2.22 3 0.64
Table 4: Geographic distribution of the resources invested in Brazil, by mining chain process and support activity (USD M)
Source: Vale (2012)
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 32
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Map 5 - Geographical and percentage distribution of the resources invested in Brazil, by mining chain process and support activity
Source: Vale (2012)
Productization
Environment
Mineral Processing
Exploration
Planning and Mining
Energy
Logistics
NE
1 projectUSD 11.88 M
SE
103 projectsUSD 53.30 M
S
6 projectsUSD 2.22 M
N
38 projectsUSD 20.81 M
CO
3 projectsUSD 0.64 M
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 33
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
2.5 R&D project networks
Vale-FAPs Network
The development of partnerships among ISTs is closely linked to the
level of cooperation among the researchers involved. Accordingly, the
network configuration13 facilitates interaction between its components
and, therefore, contributes to the execution of research.
The agreements entered into by Vale and the State Research Foundations
of Minas Gerais, Pará and São Paulo, have raised financial resources for
114 R&D projects, including 59 that are being developed through 28
inter-state partnerships.
Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the Vale-FAPs Program, formed by the
ISTs network. The level of interaction14 as measured by the number of
R&D projects per institution.
Integration by means of research networks intensifies the exchange of knowledge among research groups at different Brazilian ISTs
With 13 projects under development, UFPA, in Pará, stood out as the
main component of the established partnerships, mainly executing
projects in conjunction with UFMG and UFOP, both from the state of
Minas Gerais.
UFMG, with eight projects, and USP, with six projects, are also
prominently at the center of the network, representing Minas Gerais and
São Paulo states, respectively.
There is also a greater variety of ISTs in Minas Gerais, with 11 institutions.
Through partnerships with ISTs in São Paulo and Pará, these institutions
are involved in the development of 27 R&D projects, in the form of
networks.
13. “A network can be defined as an organization loosely consisting of several groups linked together in different ways. Networks are typically “non-physical” centers that rely on advanced communication systems to encourage collaboration among participants with complementary skill sets. Each collaborative unit has a flexible degree of participation. In general, a network has several sponsors and its service life is limited to the time needed to achieve its goals. “ (WEISZ & ROCO, 1996)14. The different levels of interaction are indicated by the thickness of the lines linking the ISTs.
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 34
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Source: Vale (2012)
Figure 1 - Representation of Institutes of Science and Technology (ISTs) in the Vale-FAPs Program network
BIODIVERSITAS
UFMG
UFV
UFLA
UNIFAL
EMBRAPA
UFU
PUC MG
UFJF
IFTMG
UNIFESP
USP
UNESPJABOTICABAL
UNICAMP
UFSCAR
CTBE
INPE
ITA
UFPA
MPEG
EMBRAPA
UNESPRIO CLARO
UFOP
Minas Gerais 27 projects
São Paulo15 projects
Pará17 projects
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 35
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Urbis Amazon Network
The project known as “Urbis Amazon” is coordinated by the Vale
Institute of Technology (ITV-DS) for Sustainable Development, in Pará,
the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) in São José dos Campos,
in the state of São Paulo, as well as nine Brazilian ISTs. Accordingly, it
features a network structure that is different from that of the Vale-FAPs
Agreements, although the inter-institutional cooperative relationship is
still decisive in the development of research.
In the “Urbis Amazon”, the intra-and inter-institutional network is
formed by a set of nine nuclei with established scientific objectives and
managerial tasks (see Table 5).
Each nuclei includes more than one IST, ensuring greater interaction
between the institutions of each nuclei.
Figure 2 presents a simplified network configuration for the “Urbis
Amazon” project. ITV, in Pará, and INPE, in São Paulo, are responsible for
coordinating the nine nuclei.
It is interesting to note that this project highlights the cooperation
between researchers in the States of Pará, Minas Gerais and São Paulo,
and includes the joint access to laboratories and infra- structure as well
as co-supervision of graduate students.
Nucleus Features
1 Integration and Space IT
2 Regional Economic Analysis – Macroscale
3 Urban Evolution Analysis – Mesoscale
4 Demographic Analysis – Mesoscale
5 Landscape Analysis
6 Micronetwork Analysis – Structural Characterization
7Micronetwork Analysis – Functional
Characterization
8 Computational Modeling Environment
9 Statistical Modeling applied to Space and Time
Table 5: List of Nuclei defined for the Urbis Amazon Network
Source: Vale (2012)
INVESTMENTS IN R&D PROJECTS 36
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Minas GeraisSão PauloPará Rio de Janeiro Paraná
INPE SJC ITVGeneral Coordination
Nuclei
UFPA FGV
FIOCRUZ
ITV-DS
INPE Amazônia INPE SJC
UFMGINPE Amazônia INPE SJC
ITV UFMG
UFPA FGVFIOCRUZ
INPE SJCINPE SJC UFPA FGV
ITVINPE Amazônia
UNICAMP FIOCRUZ
UFPR INPE SJCUFOP INPE SJCFGVINPE SJC
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Figure 2 - General diagram of the Urbis Amazon Network management
Source: Vale (2012)
INVESTMENTS IN TRAINING OS SPECIALIZED HUMAN RESOURCES 37
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Investments in training of specialized human resources03
Analysis of investments in research scholarships15
This chapter presents an analysis of fellowships awarded by Vale to
sponsor the training of specialized human resources. The awards have
been granted both through specific fellowship proposals or by means of
R&D projects, as described in the previous chapter.
In all, approximately USD 12.95 million16 was invested in 821 research
scholarships, including 77 (USD 1.61 million) through calls for proposals
and 744 (USD 11.34 million) through 125 R&D projects. Only 36 projects
have not received funds for research scholarships
It should also be noted that 55 scholarships were funded involving
partnerships between national and international ISTs, such as the 42
research scholarships funded awarded under an agreement between the
Federal University of Viçosa (UFV) and the Sultan Qaboos University in
Oman.
Initially, the geographic distribution of grants per Brazilian State and
corresponding ISTs will be presented; the scholarships will then be
classified according to their modalities.
15. The types of research scholarships considered for this catalog are: Doctorate, Master’s, Post-Doctorate, technical support, visiting fellow, regional scientific and technological development, scientific research, technological and industrial devel-opment, technological and industrial research, science and technology management, technical training and visiting specialist. Descriptions of these types are presented in table 7 in the addendum.16. The values do not consider the amounts related to the initiatives reported in Chapter 3.3 (Science Without Borders Program; National Program to Stimulate Engineer Training - Engineering Training; and Academic Cooperation for Enhancement and Technical Training of Engineers of the Republic of Mozambique);
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
INVESTMENTS IN TRAINING OS SPECIALIZED HUMAN RESOURCES 38 Photo: Lucas Lenci / Vale Agency
INVESTMENTS IN TRAINING OS SPECIALIZED HUMAN RESOURCES 39
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
3.1 The investments in research scholarships in Brazil
In keeping with the logic of volume of resources observed in the
geographical distribution of R&D projects, Map 6 shows that the majority
of the research scholarships were awarded to ISTs in Minas Gerais, Pará
and São Paulo. These states have received almost USD 11.92 million to
sponsor 772 research scholarship awards. Much of these investments are
a consequence of the Vale-FAPs agreement, which resulted in more than
USD 7.12 million being applied to 621 scholarship awards.
There is also a considerable number of research scholarships in the State
of Pará, especially the 367 grants to the Federal University of Pará (UFPA),
as shown in Chart 8.
The research scholarships were awarded in 11 Brazilian States, distributed among the five geographical regions of the country
It is also interesting to note the diversified distribution of research
scholarships in Minas Gerais. The 234 scholarships in this State are
distributed among 15 ISTs, especially the Federal University of Ouro Preto
(UFOP), the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV) and the Federal University
of Minas Gerais (UFMG).
INVESTMENTS IN TRAINING OS SPECIALIZED HUMAN RESOURCES 40
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Map 6 - Distribution of research scholarships in Brazil
Source: Vale (2012)
MG
ES
RJ
SP
SC
PA
429 scholarshipsUSD 3.82 M
5 scholarshipsUSD 0.06 M
109 scholarshipsUSD 1.82 M
8 scholarshipsUSD 0.10 M
9 scholarshipsUSD 0.25 M
234 scholarshipsUSD 6.28 M
PR
1 scholarshipUSD 0.02 M
PE
1 scholarshipUSD 0.02 M
RS
21 scholarshipsUSD 0.52 M
DF
4 scholarshipsUSD 0.08 M
TotalResearch scholarships: 821Financial Resources: USD 12.95 M
INVESTMENTS IN TRAINING OS SPECIALIZED HUMAN RESOURCES 41
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Chart 8 - Distribution of research scholarships among ISTs in Brazil, by state
Source: Vale (2012)
MG
PA429 scholarshipsUSD 3.82 M
234 scholarships USD 6.28 M
0 185 370
6656
30
25
109
7
6555
3
33
1
UFMG
UFV
UFLA
UNIFEI
CEFET BH
UNIFAL
EMBRAPA MG
BIODIVERSITAS
UFOP
FIOCRUZ MG
PUC MG
UFU
UFSJ
CDTN
UFJF
UFPA
MPEG
UEPA
EMBRAPA PA
INPE AMAZÔNIA
367
3115
15
1
SP 109 scholarshipsUSD 1.82 M
0
41
15
13
11
9
8
7
5
USP
UNESP
INPE SP
ITA
UNICAMP
CTBE
IPT
UNIFESP
RS21 scholarshipsUSD 0.52 M
URFGS 20
UNILASALLE 1
185 370
INVESTMENTS IN TRAINING OS SPECIALIZED HUMAN RESOURCES 42
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Source: Vale (2012)
RJ 8 scholarshipsUSD 0.10 M
3
3
2
UFRJ
PUC RJ
CETEM
DF4 scholarshipsUSD 0.08 M
UNB 4
PE1 scholarshipUSD 0.02 M
UFRPE 1
PR1 scholarshipUSD 0.02 M
UFPR 1
0 185 370 0 185 370
ES9 scholarshipsUSD 0.25 M
UFES 9
SC5 scholarshipsUSD 0.06 M
UFSC 3
UNESC 2
Chart 8 - Distribution of research scholarships among ISTs in Brazil, by state
INVESTMENTS IN TRAINING OS SPECIALIZED HUMAN RESOURCES 43
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
3.2 Research scholarships, by type.
The scholarships have been separated into four groups: undergraduate,
graduate, research, and companies. The first three correspond to
research activities conducted in universities, while the latter refers
to personnel involved in the implementation of R&D projects within
companies.
As indicated by Chart 9, there are 333 undergraduate research
scholarships, accounting for 40.6 percent of the 806 scholarships in the
portfolio.
Master’s and Doctoral students account for 300 scholarships and more
than USD 6.73 million invested, representing just over half of the total.
Distribution of research scholarships by type, with emphasis on undergraduate research, Master’s and Doctoral degrees
As for personnel engaged in research within universities, Post-Doctoral
and Technical Support scholarships, account for 32 (USD 2.31 million) and
77 scholarships (USD 1.09 million), respectively.
It is seen in Chart 9 that most scholarships for R&D in companies, belong
to the so-called “technological and industrial development (DTI)”, with 36
scholarships accounting for investments of USD 1.38 million.
INVESTMENTS IN TRAINING OS SPECIALIZED HUMAN RESOURCES 44
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Chart 9 - Distribution of research scholarships, by type
Source: Vale (2012)
Tech
nica
l Sup
port
89
211
32
77
3
333
11
3614
3
Post
-Doc
tora
te
Visi
ting
Rese
arch
er
Regi
onal
Sci
enti�
c an
d Te
chno
logi
cal
Dev
elop
men
t
Research
5 1 6
Doc
tora
te
Mas
ter’s
Graduate
Und
ergr
adua
te R
esea
rch
Undergraduate
Tech
nolo
gica
l and
In
dust
rial D
evel
opm
ent
(DTI
)
Tech
nica
l Tra
inin
g
Scie
nce
and
Tech
nolo
gy
Man
agem
ent
Visi
ting
Spec
ialis
t
Tech
nolo
gica
l and
In
dust
rial R
esea
rch
(ITI)
Companies
Hum
an R
esou
rces
Tr
aini
ng
TotalResearch Scholarships: 821
INVESTMENTS IN TRAINING OS SPECIALIZED HUMAN RESOURCES 45
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
16Agronomy
3
3
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
13
5
Agricultural Engineering
Fish Stocks and Fishing Engineering
Biochemistry
Ecology
General Biology
Zoology
Geosciences
Chemistry
Physics
Probability and Statistics
Mathematics
Education
Mining Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Civil Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Naval and Oceanographic Engineering
Sanitation Engineering
Inter-disciplines
5
78
5
5
Chart 10 – The number of Doctoral scholarships, by General Area and Area of Knowledge
Source: Vale (2012)
The 89 Doctoral and 211 Master of Science scholarships can be analyzed
according to the areas of knowledge.
It is seen in Chart 10 that the largest number of Doctoral grants has
been awarded to the “Engineering” general area. This includes a total
of 31 scholarships distributed among eight areas, with “Mechanical
Engineering” being the most representative.
In second place among the general areas, 26 Doctoral scholarships have
been awarded to “Physical Sciences”, including 11 Doctoral grants for
projects in the “Geosciences” area.
It is interesting to note that, considering the distribution by knowledge
area, the largest number of scholarships has been awarded to Doctoral
degrees in “Agronomy”, which belongs to the “Agricultural Sciences”
general area. This also includes “Agricultural Engineering”, “Fish Stocks
and Fishing Engineering”.
Agricultural Sciences
Biological Sciences
Physical Sciences
Humanities
Engineering
Multidisciplinary
GENERAL AREAS
INVESTMENTS IN TRAINING OS SPECIALIZED HUMAN RESOURCES 46
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Chart 11 – The number of scholarships for Master’s degrees, by General Area and Area of Knowledge
Source: Vale (2012)
With regards to Master degrees, Chart 11 shows that almost half of
scholarships have been awarded to projects in the “Engineering”
general area, with prominence for the “Chemical Engineering” and “Civil
Engineering” areas, with 25 and 20 scholarships, respectively.
The “Physical Sciences” general area is in second place, according to
the number of scholarships. Geosciences is the area with the greatest
concentration, with 16 Master’s scholarships.
The largest number of Master scholarships, 26 in total, has been directed
to “Agronomy” and this follows the same trend observed for Doctoral
degrees.
Finally, a significant portion of the Master scholarships has been granted
to the “Biological Sciences” general areas, with 32 awards, 12 of them
being dedicated to projects in the area of “Zoology”.
26Agronomy
Forestry Resources and Forestry Engineering
Biochemistry
Ecology
General Biology
Zoology
Geosciences
Chemistry
Physics
Probability and Statistics
Computer Science
Education
Inter-disciplines
25
1
21
1
1
11
22
4
126
54
7
4
16
2018
1312
13
77
Microbiology
Botany
Genetics
Mechanical Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Civil Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Naval and Oceanographic Engineering
Sanitation Engineering
Mining Engineering
Material and Metal Engineering
Oceanography
1
Agricultural Sciences
Biological Sciences
Physical Sciences
Humanities
Engineering
Multidisciplinary
GENERAL AREAS
INVESTMENTS IN TRAINING OS SPECIALIZED HUMAN RESOURCES 47
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
3.3 Partnerships under development for HR training
In addition to the funds previously described to sponsor research
projects (including scholarships), it is noteworthy to analyse three other
partnerships dedicated to educational projects. These projects are:
Science Without Borders Program; National Engineering Program; and
Academic Cooperation for Enhancement and Technical Training of
Engineers of the Republic of Mozambique.
With about USD 28 million from Vale, USD 2.1 billion from the Federal
Government and USD 700 million from other other private and state-
owned companies, the Science Without Borders Program began in 2011
and by 2015 intends to finance up to 101 thousand undergraduate and
graduate scholarships for students to conduct their studies abroad,
always in top universities. By supporting this initiative, Vale aims to
contribute to the training of specialized human resources in areas of its
interest, through international student exchange.
National Engineering Program, is being conducted through
a partnership, between Vale and the Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico [National Council for Scientific
Vale also invests17 in the training of specialized human resources through external partnerships, the Science Without Borders Program; National Engineering Program (FORMA ENGENHARIA); and Academic Cooperation for Enhancement and Technical Training of Engineers of the Republic of Mozambique
and Technological Development] (CNPq), the goal is to reduce the
dropout rate in engineering courses and attract high school students
for the engineering profession. The public Call for Proposals attracted
more than 700 projects, of which just over 500 were approved. A total
of USD 14.3 million have been granted to these projects, which involve
2,634 scholarships for undergraduate, high school and technical course
students, as well as high school teachers, in addition to bench fees to
support laboratories.
Finally, the agreement between Vale, Escola Politécnica da Universidade
de São Paulo (EPUSP) and the Instituto Superior Politécnico de Tete
(ISPT) in Mozambique, seeks to improve the quality of ISPT lecturers
and engineers, including some employed by Vale. At first, lecturers
from the Mineral and Petroleum Department of EPUSP are giving short
refresher courses, with the possibility of subsequently starting Masters-
level courses. The partnership began formally in 2012and the first phase
should be completed in 2013, with completion expected for 2015.
Vale has contributed USD 97 thousand to this program and EPUSP has
contributed USD 15.4 thousand.
17. The financial resources reported in this chapter are not inserted in the scope.
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Projects and Interviews
Featured R&D projects
Generation of prospective models for iron ore mining in the Carajás Mining Province 49Prof. Dr. Adalene Moreira Silva - University of Brasilia (UnB)
Climatology and the impacts of climate change on Vale operations in the Eastern Amazon 51Prof. Dr. Bergson Cavalcanti de Moraes - Vale Institute of Technology (ITV)
Laser system for drilling rocks 53Professor Arthur Martins Barbosa Braga - Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio)
Recovery of contaminated areas and extraction of mine tailings 55 Prof. Dr. Cláudio Augusto Oller do Nascimento – University of São Paulo (USP)
Moacir José Buenano Macambira 59Scientific Director of the Amazônia Paraense Research Foundation (FAPESPA)
José Policarpo Gonçalves de Abreu 58Scientific Director of the Minas Gerais Research Foundation (FAPEMIG)
Carlos Henrique de Brito Cruz 60Scientific Director of the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)
Interviews
48
49
Feat
ure
d R
&D
pro
ject
sProjects and
Interviews03 Training of
human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Indicators Glossary and Addenda
The main purpose of the project entitled “Generation of prospective
models for iron ore mining in the Carajás Mining Province” is to analyze
and characterize the iron ore in this region, using a multimethod
approach, in an attempt to create forward-looking parameters for the
generation of prospective models for the exploration of iron ore.
Research activities are focused on the application of a geophysical
methodology, based on data obtained from the airborne and
ground geophysical surveys, as well as on core samples, rock physical
properties, integration of geophysical, remote sensing, reflectance
spectroscopy and geological data that will result in models to support
making decisions on iron ore exploration in the areas studied.
From this multi-method approach, through the analysis of multi-
A project being developed by the University of Brasilia (UnB), in partnership with the Federal University of Pará (UFPA) and the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), coordinated by Prof. Dr. Adalene Moreira Silva, with the purpose of analyzing and characterizing iron ore in the Carajás Mining Province
Generation of prospective models for iron ore mining in the Carajás
source data and the development of new analytical and integration
tools, we intend to create provisional parameters for the generation
of prospective models for iron ore in the Carajás region and to
contribute to the generation of new criteria for data integration in this
environment.
This methodology was developed with the contribution of teams
from Vale and other higher educational institutions thus ensuring
the applicability in the real iron ore near mine exploration. The
opportunity to have a multi-disciplinary team dedicated to the project
ensures successful results and strengthens the scientific-technical
cooperation networks.
Photo: Prof. Dr. Catarina Toledo / UnB
50
Feat
ure
d R
&D
pro
ject
s03 Training of
human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Indicators Glossary and Addenda
Projects and Interviews
“Developing this research is a real, effective and efficient opportunity for working with technologies applied to mining. I hope that the Vale Institute of Technology keeps growing! It is essential that we promote opportunities such as these. If the partnership is fruitful for both parties, everyone can grow with regards to product quality, patents and future techniques.”
Prof. Dr. Adalene Moreira Silva
During this work we are adopting practices that represent the state
of the art of current knowledge. It will be possible to know in detail
the variables that characterize the ore types and their host rocks,
taking into consideration their mineralogy, physical properties, spatial
distribution, volume and quality.
According to Prof. Dr. Adalene Moreira Silva, the project research
coordinator, Vale funding is fundamental for the development of this
type of study. With this investment, it has been possible to purchase
technological equipment essential for the project, thus contributing to
the advancement of scientific knowledge in this area.
With regards to the training of qualified human resources, Prof. Dr.
Silva emphasizes that the research is a unique opportunity for Master
and Doctorate students to apply in the field work, the techniques they
have learned in the classroom.
Students engaged in this research will also learn to work as a team and
have the opportunity to get to know and understand how a company
like Vale works, including its structures, roles and functions.
Prof. Dr Silva stresses that this learning experience has only been
possible thanks to the cooperative relationship established with Vale
managers, who have proven to be open-minded in their appreciation
of scientific development. Manager Luciano Assis from Vale is
developing his Master´s thesis as a member of the research team.
The satisfaction of teachers and researchers comes from knowing
that investments in iron ore prospecting may bring important
results for the company, through the use of new technologies and
methodologies aimed at measuring the quality of the ore.
Research, investment, and partnership between higher education
institutions - such as UnB, UFPA and UFRJ - and Vale benefit the
production process, offset environmental impacts and create a
network of scholars and professionals trained to face current and
future challenges of the labor market.
51
Feat
ure
d R
&D
pro
ject
sProjects and
Interviews03 Training of
human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Indicators Glossary and Addenda
The main goal of the project “Climatology and impacts of climate
change on Vale operations in the Eastern Amazon region” is to
investigate climate variability over the last 30 years in the Eastern
Amazon, besides developing a prognosis regarding the volume and
the recurrence of such variability.
Throughout the development of the research, carried out in the region
between Carajás and São Luís do Maranhão, it was possible to detect
that climate change has intensified continuously during the period.
A project developed by ITV, coordinated by Prof. Dr. Bergson Cavalcanti de Moraes, in order to diagnose and forecast the climate changes in the regions where Vale operates.
Climatology and climate change impacts on Vale operations in the Eastern Amazon region
Amazon RainforestPhoto: Vantoen Pereira Jr / Vale Agency
52
Feat
ure
d R
&D
pro
ject
s03 Training of
human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Indicators Glossary and Addenda
“Having privileged information about future events will no doubt minimize costs and help us better protect human life and the environment. Having information before it occurs is about being sustainable.”
Prof. Dr. Bergson Cavalcanti de Moraes
Because of these changes, diagnosed and forecast by the project,
Vale can plan its operations with a view to minimizing losses and
costs resulting from weather and climate effects, which directly affect
the production of iron ore. Rain alone, for example, is capable of
reducing iron ore production by up to 30%. Accordingly, obtaining
prior knowledge about weather patterns can be very important for the
company´s operations.
ITV has acquired twelve automatic weather stations for this project.
Two of them are hydrological stations that monitor river and rain levels
(in the headwaters and in the final sections of rivers). The other ten
stations measure temperature, humidity, wind and pressure data in the
locations selected for this study.
With this information, it is possible to forecast weather conditions on
an hourly, daily or even monthly basis.
Projects and Interviews
Amazon RainforestPhoto: Vantoen Pereira Jr / Vale Agency
53
Feat
ure
d R
&D
pro
ject
sProjects and
Interviews03 Training of
human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Indicators Glossary and Addenda
The project “Laser System for Rock Drilling” aims to advance the
development of a laser drilling system for blasting operations. It
specifically aims to undertake experimental and theoretical studies
that may provide conditions for designing this system with regards
to the parameters of laser drilling operations and their interaction
with the rock, in addition to studying the implementation of an
integrated on-line monitoring sub-system of geometallurgical and
geomechanical properties of the formation being drilled.
This project contributes to the improvement, the efficiency and
sustainability of mining, and continues the line of research developed
and coordinated by PUC-Rio. It takes into consideration the various
technologies related to lasers based on semiconductors, fiber-optics,
gas or crystal, which have proven to be effective in rock drilling.
The research also reveals the possible advantages of laser drilling
A project developed by Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), in partnership with the Federal Technology University of Paraná (UTFPR), coordinated by Prof. Arthur M. B. Braga, to develop a laser system for rock drilling applications.
Laser system for rock drilling
Photo: Giancarlo Vilela de Faria / PUC Rio
54
Feat
ure
d R
&D
pro
ject
s03 Training of
human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Indicators Glossary and Addenda
“In working in partnership with Vale, we are able to take the lab design and transfer it to the market in a much shorter timeframe.”
Prof. Arthur M. B. Braga
when compared with more traditional methods, such as: increased
drilling efficiency; reduction in the number of mobile mechanical
parts required in the drilling system; ability to drill through different
materials (rocks with different compositions, metals, etc.) without
the need to replace the drill bit; reduction in maintenance costs;
and reduction of risks of tectonic movement as there is no contact
between the bit and the surface to be drilled.
Projects and Interviews
Photo: Rafaela Souza / Vale Institute of Technology Department
Photo: Edgar Sepúlveda / Vale Institute of Technology Department
55
Feat
ure
d R
&D
pro
ject
sProjects and
Interviews03 Training of
human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Indicators Glossary and Addenda
The main purpose of the project entitled “Rehabilitation of
contaminated areas and mineral extraction from mine tailings” is to
reclaim extensively mined areas, through the recovery of their tailings.
Accordingly, this project seeks to improve the environmental
conditions for the mining operations through the recovery of minerals
still contained in mine tailings.
In this connections, the project emphasizes four main objectives: (a)
to structure and assemble a testing ground to experiment with soil
and water remediation technologies; (b) to systematize the search
for microorganisms adapted to soil and water contamination by
heavy metals and hydrocarbons; (c) to implement bioremediation
technologies using adapted microorganisms; and (d) to appraise the
energy and economic requirements of the technologies.
A project developed by the University of São Paulo (USP), in partnership with Vale and BNDES, coordinated by Prof. Dr. Claudio Augusto Oller do Nascimento designed to reclaim mined areas and reuse metals contained in the mine tailings.
Recovery of contaminated areas and extracting minerals from mine tailings
Tailings Dam view at Mina do Sossego - Carajás/PAPhoto: Prof. Dr. Claudio A. Oller Nascimento / USP
56
Feat
ure
d R
&D
pro
ject
s03 Training of
human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Indicators Glossary and Addenda
“An important factor for the development of this project is the creation of Brazilian technology. We already do outstanding basic research, however we need to move forward in the development of technology.”
Prof. Dr. Cláudio Augusto Oller do Nascimento
This research is based on the study of microorganisms that have
existed for millions of years and thrive in areas rich in copper,
and which are already fully adapted to this environment. These
microorganisms absorb and feed on this metal, and are characterized
by their high-capacity metabolisms.
Based on the above information, it is seen that the focus of this
project is to develop chemical and biological processes for copper
recovery and subsequently to extend these processes to an industrial
installation, with the perspective to attain considerable economic
return.
According to Prof. Oller, the project is very challenging for the fact
that it aims to develop a technology that can be used in a practical
way to offset environmental impacts and, at the same time, generate
economic value for the company. Thus, the country advances in
technological development and also gains prominence on the
international stage.
The research has been carried out at the Sossego mine in Carajás,
in the State of Pará, and includes the participation of about twenty
researchers from the Chemical Engineering Department of the
Engineering School and the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, at the
University of São Paulo.
According to the project coordinator, it would be virtually impossible
to perform this work without a partnership between the university and
Vale.
Projects and Interviews
Tailings Dam at Mina do Sossego - Carajás/PAPhoto: Prof. Dr. Claudio A. Oller Nascimento / USP
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
57
InterviewsInterviews with Scientific Directors of the State Research Foundations of Minas Gerais, Pará and São Paulo.
The Vale-FAPs Program have raised financial resources for 30 Institutes of Science and Technology (ISTs) in these regions, through 114 projects of R&D and 621 research scholarships.
Moacir José Buenano Macambira Scientific Director of the Amazônia Paraense Research Foundation (FAPESPA)
José Policarpo Gonçalves de Abreu Scientific Director of the Minas Gerais Research Foundation (FAPEMIG)
Carlos Henrique de Brito Cruz Scientific Director of the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)
Inte
rvie
ws
58
Projects and Interviews
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Indicators Glossary and
Addenda
56 projects
163 scholarships
17 Science and Technology Institutions in the state of Minas Gerais
José Policarpo G. de Abreu, FAPEMIG Scientific Director, confirms the importance of the partnership between Vale and the Research Foundations as an engine for important advances.
Vale-FAPEMIG Agreement
“For the ISTs and their researchers, these partnerships enable them to apply and direct the multidisciplinary scientific pool of knowledge and also the installed base of RD&I…” says Abreu
“A company like VALE, which has a strong and consolidated brand
within the global market, is constantly in search of innovation”.
This statement expresses the vision of José Policarpo G. de Abreu,
FAPEMIG Scientific Director, who believes in the strategic importance
the establishment of partnerships between Vale and the ISTs to be of
strategic importance, in order to search for solutions for the company
in the light of scientific knowledge.
“For the ISTs and their researchers, these partnerships enable them
to apply and direct the multidisciplinary scientific pool of knowledge
and also the installed base of RD&I in order to contribute to the
scientific and technological development of the company and, more
importantly, to the development of the nation itself”, says Policarpo.
The university-industry relationship has advanced both from the
standpoint of partnerships to conduct research, development and
innovation (RD&I), as well as with regards to the advancement of legal
aspects, especially with respect to intellectual property management.
The joint public and private sector participation, involving universities,
companies and the government – the so-called triple helix – has been
important for innovation processes, both in Brazil and in many other
countries.
“In the case of Brazil – and especially in the state of Minas Gerais,
thanks to FAPEMIG initiatives – we have advanced significantly,
although we are very aware that there is still a lot to be done in this
area,” says Prof. José Policarpo.
The partnership between Vale and the FAPs represents an important
advance and it paves the way for other private companies in the
country to follow this relationship model.
“Through an equalization of procedures and their relentless pursuit
of harmony, VALE and the FAPs have demonstrated that it is possible
to achieve important results through a new model that, despite the
involvement of risks, will surely lead the country to a level desired
by all those committed to its socioeconomic development,” says
Policarpo.
Inte
rvie
ws
59
Projects and Interviews
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Indicators Glossary and
Addenda
34 projects
353 scholarships
4 Science and Technology Institutions in the state of Pará
Professor Moacir José Buenano Macambira, from the Federal University of Pará (UFPA) and Scientific Director of the Amazônia Paraense Research Foundation (FAPESPA), notes the importance of the relationship between the government, teaching and research institutions and companies.
Vale-FAPESPA Agreement
“Companies can bring demands to the academic sphere in order to stimulate scientific research and improve the effectiveness of their processes”
says Moacir Macambira
As mining companies are generally integrated into the domestic and
international markets, they have the sensitivity to detect short term
trends and discern directions for the sector with regard to innovations
and demands in scientific research. This vision is established and it is
in accordance with the thinking of Moacir Macambira, the FAPESPA
Scientific Director.
“Companies can bring demands to the academic sphere in order to
stimulate scientific research and improve the effectiveness of their
processes and procedures with regards to forecasting, exploration
and exploitation of minerals. The company will certainly have a return
on its investments in the form of innovation in its activities and a
consequent increase of competitiveness”, says Moacir Macambira.
The so-called Vale-FAPs is an example of collaboration on research
projects involving players from the private sector, the government and
science and technology institutions.
“It’s the ideal tripod because it brings together the interests of three
key sectors with distinctive roles in the pursuit of a common goal. In
this case, the issue gains resonance, since the government can catalyze
the relationship and stimulate initiatives to strengthen it,” says the
FAPESPA Scientific Director.
Furthermore, Macambira points out that the company achieves greater
competitiveness, teaching and research institutions fulfill their role
as trainers of human resources thus contributing to form a qualified
critical mass focused on regional and national interests, and the
government achieves its target to strengthen private enterprise and to
attain advances in the generation of CT&I knowledge.
“It’s the ideal tripod because it brings together interests of three key sectors with distinctive roles in the pursuit of a common goal.” says Macambira
Inte
rvie
ws
60
Projects and Interviews
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Indicators Glossary and
Addenda
“The interactions, such as the so-called Vale-FAPs Calls for Proposals, can be decisive and create significant benefits for the company, for the University and for the FAP, benefiting, in the end, the development of the country” says Brito Cruz.
The Vale-FAPESP partnership is responsible for funding and
developing 24 research projects and 105 research scholarships, at
nine science and technology institutions in the State of São Paulo.
These figures underscore the importance of closer relations between
companies and universities, and the scientific and technological
development of the country.
According to Carlos Henrique de Brito Cruz, FAPESP Scientific Director,
the Vale-FAPs initiative contributes directly to the advancement of
knowledge, in that it fosters the development of collaborative research
projects and, no less important, it identifies challenging research
topics for the academic community.
“These challenges expand the horizon of interest of universities
and define excellent training opportunities for undergraduate and
graduate students,” says Brito Cruz.
According to the FAPESP Director, the relationship between companies
and universities, such as that which occurs between Vale and FAPESP,
has evolved considerably in recent years. In an effort to simulate
this trend, FAPESP has entered into more and better agreements,
reaffirming its role in the promotion of scientific and technological
research in the country.
“The number of companies interested in developing partnerships
with FAPESP has increased greatly since 2005. The number of projects
under the PITE (Partnership in Research for Technological Innovation)
Program, which began in 2012, was seven times greater than the
average between 1996 and 2009,” says Brito Cruz.
When there is collaboration between public funding agencies and
private companies, it is possible to generate benefits not only for all
the institutions involved, but also for society as a whole.
“These interactions, such as the so-called Vale-FAPs, can be decisive
and create significant benefits for the company, for the University and
for the FAP, benefitting, after all is said and done, the development of
the country,” says Brito Cruz.
Vale-FAPESP Agreement Carlos Henrique de Brito Cruz, Scientific Director of the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), highlights the support from Vale in the development of collaborative research projects in conjunction with universities.
24 projects
105 scholarships
9 Science and Technology Institutions in São Paulo
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Indicators
Maps:
1 Distribution of the portfolio of R&D projects around the world
2 Distribution of the R&D project portfolio in Brazil
3 Geographical and percentage distribution of the resources invested in
Brazil, by General Area of Knowledge
4 Geographical and percentage distribution of the resources invested in
Brazil, by type of business and type of mineral (USD M)
5 Geographical and percentage distribution of the resources invested in
Brazil, by mining chain process and support activity
6 Distribution of research scholarships in Brazil
Charts:
1 Distribution of resources invested in ISTs in Brazil, by state (USD M)
2 Distribution of R&D projects abroad, by country
3 Percentage distribution of investment values, by type of research
4 Percentage distribution of values invested, by characteristic of the
project
5 Distribution of investments, by General Knowledge Area and Area
(USD M)
6 Distribution of the invested resources, by business type and mineral
type (USD M)
7 Distribution of resources invested, by mining supply chain process and
support activity (USD M)
8 Distribution of research scholarships among ISTs in Brazil, by state
9 Distribution of research scholarships, by type
10 The number of Doctoral scholarships, by General Area and Area of
Knowledge
11 The number of scholarships for Master degrees, by General Area
and Area of Knowledge
Tables:
1 Total resources invested in Brazil, by state (USD M)
2 Geographic distribution of the resources invested in Brazil, by
General Area of Knowledge (USD M)
3 Geographic distribution of the resources invested in Brazil, by type
of business and type of mineral (USD M)
4 Geographic distribution of the resources invested in Brazil, by
mining chain process and support activity (USD M)
5 List of Nuclei defined for the Urbis Amazon Network
6 Identification of ISTs in alphabetical order
7 Description of research scholarships, by type
Figures:
1 Representation of Institutes of Science and Technology (ISTs) in the
Vale-FAPs Program network
2 General diagram of the Urbis Amazon Network management
61
GLOSSARY AND ADDENDA 62
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Glossary and Addenda
18. Source: Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development, 6th Ed., 2002.19. Source: Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES). http://www.capes.gov.br/avalia-cao/tabela-de-areas-de-conhecimento. Accessed on: 10 September 2012
For the purposes of this document the following definitions are used:
Applied research: studies carried out to acquire new knowledge.
However, it is primarily focused on a specific practical purpose18.
Basic research: experimental or theoretical studies carried out mainly
to obtain new knowledge about the principles of phenomena and
observable facts, without regarding any particular application or use18.
Disruptive project: a project that creates major changes in the industry
or market structure. It refers to the development of new technological
routes, new materials or new equipment, causing a disruptive impact
in the business model, competitive environment or the creation of new
businesses.
Experimental development research: systematic studies based on
knowledge obtained through research and practical experience,
which address the development of new materials, products or devices,
the establishment of new procedures, systems and services, or the
substantial improvement of the existing ones18.
General knowledge area: group of several areas of knowledge
because of the affinity between their objects, cognitive methods,
and instrumental resources, which reflect specific social and political
contexts19.
Incremental project: a project that provides gradual improvements in
processes that have already been implemented or products already on
the market.
Institute of Science and Technology (IST): a public or private
organization, that promotes the development of scientific and/or
technological research.
Knowledge area: interrelated knowledge, collectively built, depending
on the characteristic of the object of research with the purpose of
teaching, research and practical applications19.
Mining chain processes and support activities: categorization of
processes related to the mining chain and operational support activities.
The following classifications have been considered to characterize the
R&D projects related to such processes:
• Exploration: mineral deposit research. This includes research fields such
GLOSSARY AND ADDENDA 63
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
20. Source: Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development, 6th ed., 2002.
as remote sensing, mapping, airborne geophysics, among others;
• Planning and Mining: mineral exploration methods and activities;
• Mineral processing: raw-material production activities and methods;
• Productization: client support activities and market development;
• Logistics: storage, transportation and delivery of minerals and other
commodities;
• Environment: activities related to the recovery and protection of
biodiversity;
• Energy: energy supply options for the company’s plants and
operations.
New project platform: a project that differentiates the company’s
business activities, creating competitive advantages in costs or new
market opportunities, pertaining to the generation of new technology or
products about to enter the market.
Research and development project (R&D): systematic creative work that
aims to expand the knowledge base and its use in new applications20.
Type of mineral: classifies R&D projects according to the most important
mineral that will be investigated. In the case of the Vale, these are: iron
ore, copper, nickel, manganese, coal, phosphorus and potassium.
Type of Business: the classification of the Vale R&D projects, according
to the company’s business to which they are associated, in the following
categories: environment and sustainability; logistics; health and safety;
and “transversal” (projects that fall into more than one Vale business
area).
Vale Institute of Technology (ITV): a non-profit institution for graduate
education and research, focused on innovation in areas that are strategic
for Vale.
GLOSSARY AND ADDENDA 64
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Table 6: Identification of ISTs in alphabetical order
Addenda
Source: Vale (2012)
ICTs Name
UNB University of BrasíliaUFES Federal University of Espírito SantoUFG Federal University of GoiásCDTN Center for Development of Nuclear Technology
CEFET The Celso Suckow da Fonseca Federal Center for Technological Education
EMBRAPA Brazilian Agriculture and Cattle Raising Company Biodiversitas Biodiversitas FoundationFIOCRUZ Oswaldo Cruz FoundationIFTMG Federal Institute of Minas GeraisPUC Pontifical Catholic University UNIFAL Federal University of AlfenasUNIFEI Federal University of ItajubáUFJF Federal University of Juiz de ForaUFLA Federal University of LavrasUFMG Federal University of Minas GeraisUFOP Federal University of OuroPretoUFSJ Federal Universityof São João del ReiUFU Federal University of UberlândiaUFV Federal University of ViçosaUFVJM Federal University of the States of Jequitinhonha and MucuriINPE National Institute of Space Research
ICTs Name
MPEG Emilio Goeldi Museum of ParáUEPA Pará State UniversityUFOPA Federal University of Western ParáUFPA Federal University of ParáUFRPE Federal Rural University of PernambucoUFPR Federal University of ParanáCETEM Center for Mineral TechnologyUFRJ Federal Universityof Rio de JaneiroUFRN Federal Universityof Rio Grande do NorteUNILASALLE La Salle University CenterUFRGS Federal University of Rio Grande do SulUNESC University of Extremo Sul CatarinenseUFSC Federal University of Santa CatarinaIPT Technological Research InstituteITA Aeronautical Technology InstituteCTBE National Science and Technology Laboratory for BioethanolUSP University of São PauloUNICAMP Campinas State UniversityUNESP State University of São PauloUFSCAR Federal University of São CarlosUNIFESP Federal University of São Paulo
GLOSSARY AND ADDENDA 65
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
Fellowship (Type) Description
1 Post Doctorate Award to sponsor post-doctoral students to further advance research topics in his/her area of expertise.
2 Doctorate Award to sponsor research students in doctoral programs; it is expected that a Doctoral Thesis will contribute to the advancement of knowledge.
3 Master Award to sponsor first degree graduates to pursue further course work and develop a research topic; it is expected that a Master Dissertation will apply recent knowledge to improve methods and procedures.
4 Undergraduate Research Enables an undergraduate student to develop his or her technical and scientific skills through the practice of academic research.
5 Technical Support Enables technical support for research groups through the concession of specialized technical and professional scholarships, in Brazil or abroad.
6Technological and Industrial Development (DTI)
Enables the strengthening of the team responsible for the execution of a technological and industrial or innovation research project, through professional incorporation for the execution of a specific activity.
7 Technological and Industrial Research (ITI) Stimulates undergraduate students to become interested in technological research and development in companies.
8 Visiting Specialist Enables the participation of specialist consultants or instructors, either Brazilian or foreign, in complementing team training.
9 Visiting Researcher Enables Brazilian or foreign researchers, in recognized scientific and technology leadership positions, to collaborate with emerging or established research groups, for the development of lines of research or technological development considered relevant.
10 Technical Training Enables the training and improvement of techniques and students in mid-lever and higher technical courses (recently graduated), who participate in support activities for research projects.
11 Management in Science and Technology
Enables the strengthening of institutional teams, through temporary additional of professionals without employment bonds, who may be necessary for the development of innovation and technology transfer management projects.
12Regional Scientific and Technological Development
Stimulates the establishment of human resources with experience in science, technology and innovation with renowned professional skills in higher learning and research institutions, research institutions, state-owned companies operating in research and development, private companies and small companies that operate in scientific and technological investigation.
13Human Resources Training and Retention- Sector Fund
Stimulates the retention of human resources in the country with outstanding academic and technological performance and recognized professional competence in strategic areas and topics of interest for the Sectorial Funds
Source: Vale (2012), adapted from CNPq, FAPESP and FAPEMIG
Table 7: Description of research scholarships, by type
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
66 Lago do Violão, Serra Sul - Carajás/PAPhoto: José Tasso Guimarães / Vale Institute of Technology
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
67
Letter from the Director
Vale is committed to sponsor research projects that contribute to the
advancement of the ST&I community, with emphasis on proposals that
aim at mitigation of environmental impacts and that may lead to new
job opportunities. Accordingly, the company is committed to promoting
scientific and technological research by creating solid relationships with
ST&I institutions. Vale is promoting a new perspective in university-
industry relations through the opening of its doors to enable researchers
to access the operational areas of the company.
It is with great satisfaction that we give scientists from different areas,
together with Vale employees, the opportunity to create knowledge and
value through mutual collaboration, thus achieving the best possible
partnership between industrial experience and scientific knowledge.
We know that this is only the beginning of a new round of initiatives
promoted by an organization that seeks to innovate and renew itself
every day, introducing continuous improvements in how it thinks and
acts.
We hope that this partnership will not only generate a return that
consolidates the company’s vision, but one that can also be reflected
throughout society.
Luiz Mello
DITV - Vale Institute of Technology Department Director
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
68
Murilo FerreiraVale Chief Executive Officer
Humberto de FreitasExecutive Director of Vale Logistics and Mineral Research
Luiz MelloVale Institute of Technology Department Director
Sandoval CarneiroGeneral Manager of Vale Partnerships and Resources
Claudia DinizGeneral Manager of Intellectual Property and Technology Management
Luis Carlos SilveiraScientific Director of ITV Sustainable Development
Regina BronsteinGeneral Manager of ITV Planning and Governance
03 Training of human resources02 R&D projects 01 IntroductionContentsStart Projects and
InterviewsIndicators Glossary and
Addenda
João CoralGlobal Energy Director
Roberto Di BiasiEngineering and Development Department Director
Marcio GodoyGlobal Exploration Director
Cornor SpollenNorth Atlantic Projects, Technology and Brownfield Exploration Director -
Vale INCO - Canada
Eugenio VictorassoSouth Atlantic Copper Department Director
Marconi ViannaFerrous Operational Department Director
Vagner LoyolaFerrous Production Planning Department Director
Lucio CavalliFerrous Planning and Development Department Director
Paulo HortaNorthern Ferrous Minerals Department Director
Mauro NevesGlobal Coal Director
Luiz Fernando LandeiroLogistics Director
Isis PagyCommunity Relations Director
Edson RibeiroMineral Projects and Technology Department Director
Mauricio MaxPelletizing Department Director
Especial thanks
69
Start