catalyst 1.define endothermic. give an example. 2.define exothermic. give an example 3.i cool a...
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Catalyst1. Define endothermic. Give an example.2. Define exothermic. Give an example3. I cool a glass of water, is this an
endothermic process or an exothermic process?
End
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Lecture 7.2 – Heating Curves and Phase Diagrams
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Today’s Learning Targets• 7.3 – I can draw a phase diagram to describe how
pressure and temperature are related and discuss what a triple point is.
• 7.4 – I can analyze and draw a heating curve to describe how energy is lost or gained while a substance changes phases. I can identify on the graph the Hfusion and the Hvaporization.
• 7.5 – I can describe a reaction using the ideas of enthalpy and entropy.
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Today’s Focus Question• How much energy is required to turn my
Flamin’ Hot Cheetos into a liquid?
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What are enthalpy and entropy?
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I. Enthalpy (ΔH)• Enthalpy is a measure of
the total energy that a system has.
• Amount of energy released or absorbed during a process/reaction.
• Measured in kilojoules (kJ)
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II. Entropy (ΔS)• The universe tends towards disorder. • Entropy is the measurement of the
randomness or disorder of a system.• More energy = more disorder• Measure in J/K
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How are enthalpy and phase changes related?
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I. ΔHfusion and ΔHvaporization
• Large amount of energy that is required to change phases
• ΔHfusion = Energy to change solid to a liquid.
• ΔHvaporization = Energy to change liquid to a gas.
• ΔHfreezing = Energy to change liquid to a solid
• ΔHcondensation = Energy to change gas to a liquid
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II. Heating Curves• Heating curves are graphs of the relationship
between temperature and time.• Allow us to identify important values
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ΔH of vaporization/condensation
ΔH of fusion/freezing
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Summarize
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Justify – TPS• Why was the water able to boil at room
temperature when we dropped the pressure?
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How are pressure temperature and phase related?
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I. Pressure and Temperature• The state of matter of a substance depends on
both the temperature and pressure• A phase diagram is a graph temperature,
pressure, and phase for a substance
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II. Important Points on a Phase Diagram• Triple Point – The
temperature and pressure conditions at which the solid, liquid, and gas phases of a substance coexist
• Critical Point – The temperature and pressure at which the gas and liquid state become identical and form one phase.
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Vaporization
Condensation
Melting/Fusion
Freezing
Sublimation
Deposition
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Class Example• You have a solid at a pressure of 30 atm and -15
oC, if you decrease the pressure at constant temperature, what phases will the substance go through?
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Table Talk
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Stop and Jot• Atmospheric pressure on Mt. Everest is 0.29
atm. What is the boiling point of water there using the phase diagram below.
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Summarize
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Vocab Direct Instruction Assignment
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Collaborative - Let’s Heat Some Water!• With the table complete the heating curve lab
activity.• Heat the ice until it reaches a rolling boil• Show Mr. Astor when you are done
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Independent Work Time
Complete the phase diagram homework you picked up when you came in.
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Learning Log AssessmentRate yourself 1 – 4 on LTs 7.3, 7.4, and 7.5
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Exit Slip1. What is entropy?2. Draw a basic heating curve. Have temperature
on the y-axis and heat added on the x-axis. Label solid, liquid, gas, boiling, and freezing.
3. What is the triple point on the graph below?
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Learning Log AssessmentRate yourself 1 – 4 on LTs 7.3, 7.4, and 7.5
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Closing Time• Homework 7.2 due Monday/Tuesday• Rough Draft Due Monday/Tuesday• Quiz on Cheetos lab Monday/Tuesday