Catalyst1. Pick up white board and marker from front!2. Take out your catalyst sheet and answer the

questions below using vocabulary word:1. What is the relationship between:

Nitrogen–14 and Nitrogen-15?2. What do the “14” and “15” stand for above?3. What charge do ALL anions have?4. Calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a neutral atom for Pt.

TRADE AND GRADE

Catalyst1. What is the relationship between:

Nitrogen–14 and Nitrogen-15? They are Isotopes

2. What do the “14” and “15” stand for above? Atomic Mass/Mass #3. What charge do ALL anions have?

A negative charge4. Calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a neutral atom for Pt.

p = e = ; n =

BIG GOAL

Explosion!(3 MINUTES)

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Explosion Questions1. What is the scientific

method?2. What is a Law?3. What is a theory?4. How many feet are in a mile?5. What is 212 degrees F in C?6. What is the formula for

density?7. What is a chemical property?8. What is a physical property?9. What is the law of

conservation of mass?10. What is a Law?11. What is a theory?12. What is precision?13. What is accuracy?14. What is random error?15. What is systematic error?16. Why do we use lab coats and

goggles in the lab?17. Where can I find a fire

extinguisher?18. Who discovered the

electron?19. What are the three types of

radiation?20. Which particle is the biggest?21. Which is the smallest?22. Who is Ernest Rutherford?23. Is the atomic mass or atomic

number always bigger?24. How do you find the number

of neutrons?25. What is an isotope?

Electron shells:each energy level has a maximum amount

of electrons it can hold!

Atom Model of Tellerium, 54 electrons

1st energy level can hold 2!

2nd energy level can hold up to 8!

3rd energy level can hold up to 18!

4th energy level can hold up to

32 – notice that it is not filled all the

way…that’s ok for now!

Draw the atom model for…

B

Mg

Ga

Now you get to make an atom model for any element you want

(must have anywhere from 11 – 17 protons) we will hang them up and

then everyone will decide which atom you were making!

Let’s look at Lithium, how many electrons does it need to lose have

a full outer octet?

1

So it will form a +1 charge!

*Note: LESS electrons mean a +ve overall charge

Let’s look at Beryllium, how many electrons does it need to lose have

a full outer octet?

2

So it will form a +2 charge!

Let’s look at Oxygen, how many electrons does it need to have a full

outer octet?

2

So it will form a -2 charge!

*Note: MORE electrons mean a -ve overall charge

Let’s look at Fluorine, how many electrons does it need to gain have

a full outer octet?

1

So it will form a -1 charge!

Oxidation numbers – atom charge that is favored (based on desire to become a noble gas! (ex. K+ Br-)

Alkali Metals; want to lose 1 electron to be like a noble gas! (+1)

Alkali Earth Metals: want to lose 2 electrons

(+2)

(+3) shar

e! Want to gain 3(-3)

(-2) (-1)

(0)

Calculate the number of p, n, and e- for the following:

SeleniumP = 34

N = 79 – 34 = 45 e- = 34 – (-2) = 36

RubidiumP = 37

N = 85 - 37= 48 e- = 37 – (+1) = 36

KryptonP = 36

N = 84 – 36 = 48 e- = 36 – (0) = 36

Calculate the number of p, n, and e- for the following:

KryptonP = 36

N = 84 – 36 = 48 e- = 36 – (0) = 36

Why does Krypton have a 0 charge?

It already is stable with a full octet!

It is easy to calculate the oxidation numbers of Alkali Metals and Alkali Earth metals, but what about transition metals (in white) ?

Alkali Metals (+1)Alkali Earth Metals (+2)

(+3) shar

e! Want to gain 3(-3)

(-2) (-1)

(0)

Transition metals favor different oxidation numbers depending on

who they are bonded to!

We can calculate their oxidation numbers based on the compound they form!

Ex. FeCl2

We know Cl has a charge of (-1)There are 2 Cl’s 2 x (-1) = -2

This means Fe must have a +2 charge to have a neutral compound!

You try!

What charge does Cobalt have in the compound: CoS?

1xS(-2) = -2; so Co must have +2 charge

What charge does Zinc have in the compound: ZnF3?

3 x F(-1) = -3; so Zn must have +3 charge

You try!What charge does each Silver have in the

compound: Ag2S?

1xS(-2) = -2; so EACH Ag must have +1 charge

What charge does Titanium have in the compound: Ti3P?

1 x P(-3) = -3; so EACH Ti must have +1 charge

You try!What charge does each Tin have in the

compound: Sn3N2?

2xN(-3) = -6; so EACH Ag must have +2 charge(-6/3 Sn)

What charge does Gold have in the compound: Au2O3?

3 x O(-2) = -6; so EACH Au must have +3 charge(-6/2 Au)

Polyatomic Ions: an ion that consists of many atoms – MUST MEMORIZE

list BY FRIDAY!

Pop Quiz on Friday!

Must also know charge of them! (most are -1!)

Only + charged ones are: Mercury (I), Hg2

2+ and Ammonium, NH4+

Base Polyatomic ions:

Nitrate, NO3-

Carbonate, CO32-

Chlorate, ClO3-

Sulfate, SO42-

Phosphate, PO43-

Basic Rules of Naming2 less O: prefix “hypo-”, ends in “-ite”

Ex. Hypochlorite ClO-

1 less O: ends in “-ite”Ex. Chlorite ClO2

-

Basic: ends in “-ate”Ex. Chlorate, ClO3

-

1 more O: prefix “per-”, ends in “-ate”

Ex. Perchlorate ClO4-

Identify the Polyatomic Ion!

NaNO3 Nitrate

KCN Cyanide

H2O2 Peroxide

Ca(OH)2 Hydroxide

NH4Cl Ammonium

Hg2(NO2)2Mercury (I) and Nitrite

Now let’s put it all together!

Calculate the charge of the transition metal based on the charge of the polyatomic ion!

Ex. Fe(NO3)2

We know NO3 has a charge of (-1)

There are 2 NO3’s 2 x (-1) = -2

This means Fe must have a +2 charge to have a neutral compound!

You try!What charge does each Silver have in the

compound: AgClO4?

1xClO4 (-1) = -1; so Ag must have +1 charge

What charge does Titanium have in the compound: Ti2CO3?

1 x CO3 (-2) = -2; so EACH Ti must have +1 charge

You try!What charge does each Lead have in the

compound: Pb(CrO4)2?

2xCrO4 (-2) = -4; so Pb must have +4 charge

What charge does Chromium have in the compound: Cr3(PO4)2?

2 x PO4 (-3) = -6; so EACH Cr must have +2 charge: -6/3

Catalyst1. Take out PreLab work, Ms. Y will come around

and check!2. Take out your catalyst sheet and answer the

questions:1. What charge does each Lead have in the

compound: Pb(CrO4)2?2. What charge does Chromium have in the compound: Cr3(PO4)2?3. Name the Polyatomic Ions: OH-, MnO4

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Catalyst1. Take out your catalyst sheet and answer the

questions:1. If you are using a buret to measure 34 mL of

water, and you notice that 3 drops were stuck to the side (with a volume of 0.05mL each) what is the % error?

2. What is the charge for Zn(MnO4)2?

TRADE AND GRADE

Catalyst

1. If you are using a buret to measure 34 mL of water, and you notice that 3 drops were stuck to the side (with a volume of 0.05mL each) what is the % error?

0.15mL/34 mL*100% = 0.40%2. What is the charge for Zn(MnO4)2?

+2

Catalyst

1. What charge does each Lead have in the compound: Pb(CrO4)2? +4

2. What charge does Chromium have in the compound: Cr3(PO4)2? +23. Name the Polyatomic Ions: OH-, MnO4

2-

Hydroxide, Permanganate

BIG GOAL

Explosion!(3 MINUTES)

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Explosion Questions1. What is the scientific

method?2. What is a Law?3. What is a theory?4. What is the formula for

density?5. What is a chemical property?6. What is a physical property?7. What is the law of

conservation of mass?8. What is precision?9. What is accuracy?10. What is random error?11. What is systematic error?12. Where can I find the fume

hood?13. Who discovered the

electron?14. What are the three types of

radiation?15. Which particle is the biggest?

16. Which is the smallest?17. Who is Ernest Rutherford?18. Is the atomic mass or atomic

number always bigger?19. What is the oxidation

number for all Alkali Metals?20. For all Halogens?21. Why is it difficult to find the

oxidation numbers for transition metals?

22. What is an isotope?23. What is an ion?24. What is a polyatomic ion?25. What is the name for NO3?26. What is the name for ClO3

Naming Compounds!

Naming Compounds flow chart!*Note: If it is a covalent compound – use prefixes!

1st word!

Nonmeta

l

Element name ending in “-ide”

Ex. Chlorine Chloride

Met

al

Element name, this is

covalent!Ex. Dicarbon

Name of Polyatomic ion

Ex. NitratePoly Atom

ic Ion

Name of metal Ex. Sodium

*Note: If a transition metal, add the

charge in roman numerals!Ex. Iron (III)

Polyatomic ion name

Ex. Ammonium

2nd word!

Nonm

etal Poly Atom

ic Ion

Prefixes:1- Mono (only use for 2nd element!)

2- Di3- Tri

4 – Tetra5 – Penta6 – Hexa7 – Hepta8 – Octa9 – Nona10 – Deka

Now you get to make an atom model for any element you want

(must have anywhere from 20 – 36 protons) we will hang them up and

then everyone will decide which atom you were making!

Identify the Compond Name!

NaNO3 Sodium Nitrate

KCl Potassium Chloride

H2O Dihydrogen Monoxide

Ca(OH)2 Calcium Hydroxide

NH4Br Ammonium Bromide

MgO Magnesium Oxide

Identify the Compound name!

CH4 Carbon Tetrahydride

Na2O Sodium Oxide

CoSe Cobalt (II) Selenide

CrOH Chromium (I)Hydroxide

Hg2S Mercury (I) Sulfide

Sn(NCS)3 Tin (III) Thiocyanate

Naming Acids!

Naming Compounds flow chart!*Note: If it is a covalent compound – use prefixes!

Does the anion contain oxygen?

No

Anion or element root+ -ous

(root)ous acid

Hydro-+ anion root+ -ic

Hydro(anion root)ic acid

Anion or element root+ -ic

(root)ic acid

YesCheck the

ending of the anion

-ite -ate

PreLab as HW