cathode patterning materials (cpm): driving new growth ......2020-08-03 © oti lumionics inc. ‐sid...

© OTI Lumionics Inc. ‐ SID 2020 12020-08-03 1

Cathode Patterning Materials (CPM): Driving

New Growth + Opportunity in OLED Display

Michael G. Helander, PhD

OTI Lumionics Inc., Toronto, Canada

[email protected]


OTI – Enabling Cathode Patterning

Patterned Cathode

Higher transparency (under display camera + AR)

Higher brightness (mobile + automotive)

Lower power consumption (5G + foldable)

Larger size panels (foldable + QD-OLED)


OTI – Computational Materials Design

New Material Concept

Machine Learning (AI)

Quantum Simulations (HPC)

Synthesis + Scale-up (by Tier 1 partner)

Inhouse Pilot Production

Computational

Materials

Design

Enables faster customization of materials at lower costs!


OTI – Quantum Computing for Materials Design

[1] JACS. 2009, 131, 9813-

9822

T1→S0

Experiment (77K) [1] 491 nm

DFT (B3LYP) 549 nm

Quantum (iQCC) 489 nm

OTI quantum algorithms run on:Quantum methods enable faster and more accurate design


Anode

R′G′

B′

R-EML

G-EML

B-EML

HBL

ETL

HTL

What is Cathode Patterning?

Standard OLED with

Un-patterned Cathode(cathode unchanged in 30+ years)

Anode

Cathode

R′G′

B′

R-EML

G-EML

B-EML

HBL

ETL

HTL

CPM-OLED with

Patterned Cathode(enables multiple applications)

Display Requires Cutout

Display Without Cutout

Patterned Holes in CathodePatterned

Cathode


Patterned Cathode

Cathode Patterning Enables Next Gen Devices

Next Gen Device with

CPM-OLED Display(enabled by cathode patterning)


How to Pattern the Cathode?

Standard Patterning Methods:

Standard methods are not suitable

• Lithography?Process damages OLED layers

• Inkjet Printing?No printable cathode material

• Fine Metal Mask (FMM)?No FMM compatible with metal

• Laser Etching?High cost CAPEX + Low yield Microscope image of patterned holes in cathode

for under display camera + sensor application

How did we do this?


The only Mass Production (MP) ready solution for cathode patterning

ConducTorr™ Cathode Patterning Materials (CPM)

Highest transparency (including in NIR)

Compatible with existing OLED stacks

Patterned features from μm - cm scale

CPM Enables Cathode Patterning for MP:


250um

CPM Patterning Process

CPM(with FMM)

substrate

maskPatterned

Cathode

Cathode Metal(with open mask)

* Other process methods are also under development

CPM

Patterned

Cathode

CPM

1. Deposit CPM 2. Deposit Metal 3. Self-Assembly


Demo of new CPM patterning MgAg with cm – μm features

cm size feature 200 ppi feature

New

CPM

MgAg

CPM Now Compatible with Standard Cathode Materials

Latest version of CPM now works with MgAg!

MgAg

(standard OLED cathode)

25 nm MgAg (1:9) patterned on

glass using new CPM material


• Materials for mass production are being

manufactured by PPG

• Materials have been qualified by multiple

panel makers up to Gen 6 lines

• AMOLED modules are currently being

qualified with Tier 1 device makers

• Expected first devices to ship in 2021

CPM is Moving Towards Tier 1 Design Wins


CPM is Enabling Multiple New Customer Applications

1. Under Display Camera + Face Unlock

2. Transparent Display for AR

3. Longer Battery Life + Higher Brightness

4. Large Size Panel for Foldable + QD-OLED

Customer Applications for CPM:

Xiaomi under display camera prototype

publicly demonstrated on June 3, 2019


1. Under Display Camera + Face Unlock

For further details see:

55.1 Self-Assembled Cathode Patterning

in AMOLED for Under-Display Camera

Xiaomi under display camera prototype

publicly demonstrated on June 3, 2019


Eliminating Display Cutout with Under Display Camera

Xiaomi prototype (Jun-03-2019) OPPO prototype (Jun-03-2019)


Better Video Calls with Under Display Camera

Typical Video Call Experience(participant not looking at camera)

Under Display Camera Experience(improved engagement + communications)


CPM Enables Under Display Camera

• Un-patterned Cathode: Poor Image Quality

• Patterned Cathode: Excellent Image Quality

High transparency in visible is key for camera performance


3D Facial Recognition

CPM Enables Under Panel Sensors (Face Unlock)

High transparency in NIR is key for 3D Facial Recognition

• Un-patterned Cathode: Blocks NIR transmission

• Patterned Cathode: Allows NIR transmission


CPM Enables Highest Transparency Device

Patterned Holes

in Cathode

400 500 600 700 800 9000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Area With Cathode

Area Without Cathode

Inte

nsity (

a.u

.)

Wavelength (nm)

High transparency is essential for under display camera + face unlock


CPM Enables Under Display Camera + Face Unlock

High transparency is essential for under display camera + face unlock

400 500 600 700 800 9000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Area With Cathode

Area Without Cathode

Inte

nsity (

a.u

.)

Wavelength (nm)

Face Unlock Works (tested on iPhone X, XS, 11)

Face Unlock Fails(tested on iPhone X, XS, 11)

Front Camera Face Unlock


2. Transparent Display + AR

Continental AR heads up display (AR-HUD)

automotive concept using transparent display


Transparent Display Enables New User Experiences

20th Century Fox

Microsoft


8-10 μm

CPM Enables Transparent Display + AR

In partnership with:

SID Digest, pp. 853 – 856 (2019)

Microscope image of 17” transparent AMOLED

display with patterned cathode

Rs (Ω/sqr)

Un-Patterned Cathode 28

Patterned Cathode <1

CPM

Patterned

Cathode

CPM enables > 65% transparency(> 75% with AR coating)


CPM Improves See Through Image Quality

Un-patterned Cathode(blurry see through image)

Patterned Cathode(clear see through image)

In partnership with:

See through image


3. Longer Battery Life +

Higher Brightness

IDG


Anode

Cathode

R′G′

B′

R-EMLG-EML

B-EML

HBL

ETL

HTL

Cathode Thickness Currently Optimized for Blue

Cathode ThicknessD

evic

e E

ffic

ien

cy

Cathode Thickness

De

vic

e E

ffic

ien

cy

Cathode Thickness

De

vic

e E

ffic

ien

cy

OLED stack is optimized for Blue color

Optimal cathode thickness: R > G > B

Different thickness per-color is required!

Typical OLED with Un-Patterned Cathode(cathode thickness optimized for Blue)


Anode

Cathode

R′G′

B′

R-EMLG-EML

B-EML

HBL

ETL

HTL

CPM Enables Different Cathode Thickness Per-Color

CPM-OLED with Patterned Cathode(cathode thickness optimized for each color)

Anode

Cathode

R′G′

B′

R-EMLG-EML

B-EML

HBL

ETL

HTL

Typical OLED with Un-Patterned Cathode(cathode thickness optimized for Blue)

CPMThicker

for R + G

Patterned Cathode


Anode

Cathode

R′G′

B′

R-EMLG-EML

B-EML

HBL

ETL

HTL

CPM Enables Longer Battery Life + Higher Brightness

CPM-OLED with Patterned Cathode(cathode thickness optimized for each color)

CPM

Patterned Cathode

Blue Red

CE CIE y CE CIE x

Un-patterned

Cathode100% 0.048 100% 0.684

Patterned

Cathode100% 0.048

150 -

180%0.682

OLED device data with 8.5 nm cathode + 30 nm patterned cathode

with 10 nm CPM layer deposited on the blue pixel

Up to 20-40% reduced power consumption!

Reduced power consumption essential for 5G and

foldable display (larger area) due to power budget


4. Large Size Panels for

Foldable + QD-OLED

Foldable concept phone from TCL


Large Size Panel Requires Lower Resistance Cathode

0.1

1

10

100

10 100 1000

Required R

s (

Ohm

/sqr)

Panel Dimension (mm)

QD-OLED

Panel Size

Required cathode sheet resistance vs

size of OLED panel for uniform voltage

Large Size

Foldable

Voltage Distribution (5” Panel)

Voltage Distribution (15” Panel)

Cathode Rs

Resistance

Cathode Rs causes voltage distribution in large size Top Emission (TE) panels


QD-OLED is a large top emission display → Requires Cathode Rs < 1 Ohm/sqr

QD-OLED Requires Cathode with Low Resistance

QD-OLED (Top Emission)

IHSLG

OLED TV (>55” panel size)


Foldable increases display size → Requires Cathode Rs < 2 Ohm/sqr

Foldable Requires Cathode with Low Resistance

Foldable concept phone from TCL

Foldable Device (Large Display Size)


CPM Enables Low Rs Cathode for Large Area Panel

Patterned Cathode

(10 µm, < 1Ω/sqr)

Patterned Cathode has Rs <1 Ohm/sqr for foldable + QD-OLED display

Image of AMOLED display with 10 μm patterned cathode

0.1

1

10

100

10 100 1000

Required R

s (

Ohm

/sqr)

Panel Dimension (mm)

QD-OLED

Panel Size

Required cathode sheet resistance vs

size of OLED panel for uniform voltage

Large Size

Foldable

Patterned

Cathode


CPM is Driving New Growth + Opportunity in OLED

1. PH-OLED(emitter materials)

2. PIN-OLED(p-type dopant)

3. CPM-OLED(CPM materials)


Thank You

Michael G. Helander, PhD

Co-founder & CEO

[email protected]

www.otilumionics.com

cathode patterning materials (cpm): driving new growth ......2020-08-03 © oti lumionics inc. ‐sid...

Documents