Cattle Ranching In TexasCattle Ranching In Texas

Cattle TrailsCattle Trails

VocabularyVocabularystockyardstockyard Chisholm TrailChisholm Trail

packinghousepackinghouse Western TrailWestern Trail

cow towncow town Goodnight-Loving Goodnight-Loving TrailTrail

round upround up rustlerrustler

wranglerwrangler chuck wagonchuck wagon

Formative Activity, Part Formative Activity, Part 11

Using your textbook, find the Using your textbook, find the definitions to the Vocabulary Terms definitions to the Vocabulary Terms on pages 362-376.on pages 362-376.

Write the word and the definition for Write the word and the definition for each term.each term.

You may work with a table partner, You may work with a table partner, but each student is responsible for all but each student is responsible for all the words and their accuracy.the words and their accuracy.

You have 10 minutes (plenty of time!) You have 10 minutes (plenty of time!) for this part. If you do not finish, it is for this part. If you do not finish, it is for homework.for homework.

Origins of the Cattle Origins of the Cattle IndustryIndustry

The Spanish brought cattle to North The Spanish brought cattle to North America.America.

Various breeds intermixed to become Various breeds intermixed to become Longhorns. This breed is very tough Longhorns. This breed is very tough and able to protect itself and survive and able to protect itself and survive the harsh climate conditions found on the harsh climate conditions found on the plains.the plains.

The Mexican and English cultures The Mexican and English cultures influenced early cattle ranching influenced early cattle ranching methods.methods.

Markets for BeefMarkets for Beef After the Civil War, demand for beef After the Civil War, demand for beef

increased.increased. Cattle were driven north on CATTLE TRAILS to Cattle were driven north on CATTLE TRAILS to

railheads.railheads. They were then shipped by rail to markets in They were then shipped by rail to markets in

the northeast.the northeast. These markets created stockyards (a pen These markets created stockyards (a pen

where livestock is kept) and packinghouses where livestock is kept) and packinghouses (a warehouse where beef is prepared for (a warehouse where beef is prepared for shipment).shipment).

They were driven (walked) to these railheads They were driven (walked) to these railheads along cattle trails.along cattle trails.

Major Cattle TrailsMajor Cattle Trails Chisholm Trail -Chisholm Trail - first of the great trails opened by first of the great trails opened by

Jesse Chisholm in 1867. The trail started in different Jesse Chisholm in 1867. The trail started in different places in South TX and went north to the railroads in places in South TX and went north to the railroads in Abilene and Ellsworth, Kansas. Abilene and Ellsworth, Kansas.

Western TrailWestern Trail -Trail started by John Lytle in 1874 that -Trail started by John Lytle in 1874 that started in South TX near Brownsville and went north started in South TX near Brownsville and went north into Dodge City, Kansas.into Dodge City, Kansas.

Goodnight-Loving TrailGoodnight-Loving Trail -Trail started by Oliver Loving -Trail started by Oliver Loving and Charles Goodnight that went up the Pecos River and Charles Goodnight that went up the Pecos River into New Mexico and up into Wyoming. Charles into New Mexico and up into Wyoming. Charles Goodnight also established the first cattle ranch in Goodnight also established the first cattle ranch in the Panhandle. the Panhandle.

Cattle Ranches in TexasCattle Ranches in Texas

JA Ranch – JA Ranch – Located in Palo Duro Canyon.Located in Palo Duro Canyon. Established by Charles Goodnight and John Adair (JA). Established by Charles Goodnight and John Adair (JA). More than a million acres.More than a million acres.

King Ranch – King Ranch – Located in South Texas.Located in South Texas. Started Started by Richard King. Eventually grew to more than a by Richard King. Eventually grew to more than a million acres.million acres.

XIT Ranch – XIT Ranch – Located in the Panhandle.Located in the Panhandle. Largest Largest ranch in Texas at more than 3 million acres. Land ranch in Texas at more than 3 million acres. Land provided by Texas government in exchange for a new provided by Texas government in exchange for a new state capitol.state capitol.

Matador Ranch – Matador Ranch – Located in Motley County. Located in Motley County. Founded by A.M. Britton and H.H. Campbell.Founded by A.M. Britton and H.H. Campbell.

King Ranch LocationKing Ranch Location

XIT Ranch LocationXIT Ranch Location

JA Ranch LocationJA Ranch Location

Matador Ranch LocationMatador Ranch Location

Barbed WireBarbed Wire

Invented by Joseph F. GliddenInvented by Joseph F. Glidden Invented to confine large herds of cattle.Invented to confine large herds of cattle. Kept them “in” and “out”. (Ranchers -v- Kept them “in” and “out”. (Ranchers -v-

Farmers)Farmers) Conflicts escalated between “Open-Conflicts escalated between “Open-

Rangers” and “Cattle Ranchers”. Rangers” and “Cattle Ranchers”. Fence-cutting and rustling was common.Fence-cutting and rustling was common.

WindmillsWindmills

As cattle ranching increased, the amount of As cattle ranching increased, the amount of available surface water decreased. available surface water decreased.

Windmills were used to pump water from Windmills were used to pump water from underground sources.underground sources.

As a result, cattle could be raised in areas As a result, cattle could be raised in areas where surface water was scarce.where surface water was scarce.

Windmills also began to be used as a Windmills also began to be used as a sources of energy. sources of energy.

Formative Activity, Part Formative Activity, Part 22

Write a SENSIBLE sentence using Write a SENSIBLE sentence using each of the Vocabulary Words.each of the Vocabulary Words.

The sentences should be about the The sentences should be about the topic of the Cattle Ranching Era.topic of the Cattle Ranching Era.

Underline the Vocabulary Word in Underline the Vocabulary Word in each sentence.each sentence.

Due on Tuesday.Due on Tuesday. There will also be a vocabulary There will also be a vocabulary

quiz over these words on Tuesday.quiz over these words on Tuesday.