causes of revolution enlightenment ideasfinancial crisisstarvation/famine
DESCRIPTION
Financial Crisis France was bankrupt after spending on wars: French and Indian, Seven Years, American Revolution Louis XVI spent too much on his lifestyle Half of France’s income was paid on interest on it’s debts.TRANSCRIPT
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Causes of Revolution
Enlightenment Ideas
Financial Crisis
Starvation/Famine
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Enlightenment Ideas•Paris was the center of the Enlightenment•Thinkers like Voltaire and Rousseau spread
ideas of equality and natural rights•People in France, especially the bourgeoisie,
began to question the king’s right to rule
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Financial Crisis
• France was bankrupt after spending on wars: French and Indian, Seven Years, American Revolution
•Louis XVI spent too much on his lifestyle•Half of France’s income was paid on interest
on it’s debts.
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Starvation/Famine•A hailstorm and drought ruins the Harvest of 1788.
•France experiences one of its worst winters in 1788-1789
•People are forced to spend half their wages to buy bread
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By 1789, Louis XVI is forced to call a session of the Estates General•The meeting does not go well for Louis XVI.•He locks the Third Estate out of the meeting and bring in soldiers.
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•The Third Estate decides to meet in a nearby indoor tennis court and form the National Assembly.•They vow not to leave until France has a new constitution; Tennis Court Oath.
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Ask your neighbor . . . 30 seconds
What would you do if you were Louis XVI? How would you deal with the Third Estate and the National Assembly?
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Louis XVI will legalize the
National Assembly
Votes are now given by
percentage of population
Louis orders troops to surround
Versailles and Paris
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Meanwhile . . .
The Third Estate fears the king will
attack the National Assembly
July 14, 1789 – The Third Estate storms
the Bastille in search of weapons
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Taking of the Bastille, 1789
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Storming of the BastilleThe Bastille was a prison in Paris for political prisoners.
It is a symbol of the oppression of the king over the
Third Estate
It is a direct attack on the power of
the king.
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National Assembly votes to end taxes paid by peasants to the Second Estate
It adopts the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen on August 27, 1789
The Declaration states that men are born equal and remain equal before the law
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Louis calls troops to Versailles to protect
his absolute monarchy
Paris reacts by allowing7 000 women to March to Versaille
They capture the king and his family and take
them back to Paris
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National Assembly takes church land and sells it to pay off the national debt
They pass the Constitution of
1791, that limits the power of the
king.
Legislative Assembly to replaces the
National Assembly
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Outside threats . . . •Marie Antoinette is originally from Austria.•Austria threatens to attack France if the royal family is harmed.•In response, France declares war on Austria and their allies Prussia.
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Pressure on the Legislative Assembly . . . •France’s army is weak and unorganized because of the Revolution•Austria/Prussia wins several battles.•War and famine are too much for the Legislative Assembly. They are replaced by the National Convention
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End of the Monarchy . . . •National Convention first act is to do away with the monarchy.•Louis XVI is no longer a king.•France becomes a Republic. Known as the First Republic.
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Modern Connection . . .•Conservatives (didn’t want a lot of change) sat on the
right side of the room• Liberals (wanted a lot of change) sat on the left side of
the room.• The moderates sat in the middle.• This is where we get the terms “right” and “left” in
our political system.
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Death of a King•The liberals in the National Convention demand that Louis XVI be put on trial.•He is tried convicted of treason and sentenced to death.•He will lose his head using a new device called the guillotine.