causes of wwi
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WORLD WAR I1914-1919
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The Players
Allied Powers France Great Britain Italy Russia United States
(1917)
Central Powers Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany Ottoman Empire
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“Main” Causes of WWI
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
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Militarism
Europe entered the 20th century in an arms race.
By 1914, Germany had the biggest arms build-up.
Britain responded by working to increase the size of its navy.
The situation was similar on both Russia & France.
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Alliances
By 1914 all of the major powers were linked by a system of alliances.
If one country was attacked, allied countries were bound to defend them.
This system made it more likely that a war would start & that it would spread throughout the continent.
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Alliances
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Imperialism
In the years before World War I, all of the major powers were in competition for colonies & territory – particularly in Africa & Asia.
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Nationalism
This was an age when all nations wanted to assert their power and independence.
In Europe, a rivalry developed among Germany, Austria-Hungary, Great Britain, Russia, & France.
At the same time, groups living within those countries were fighting for their independence.
The Slavs, aided by Serbia & Russia, wanted to be free of Austrian rule.
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The Spark
June 1914
The heir to Austrian throne – Archduke Franz Ferdinand - visited Sarajevo, Bosnia
Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian nationalist, shot the Archduke and wife as a protest against Austrian rule in the region
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The Spark
In July 1914, Austria-Hungary declared war against Serbia.
Alliance system pulled one nation after another into the conflict.