caves
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Tourist Caves
in Poland
![Page 2: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
According to the definition of the cave is: naturally empty space in the rock, accessible to man. This definition excludes all of the objects that arise resulting from human activity. So there are not Caves: tunnels, domestic wells, underground dungeons and cellars forged, because they were not created by nature.
Most general breakdown of caves distinguishes primary and secondary.Primary Caves , are those that arise in a single process along with the rock in which they appear. A typical example of such caves are lava caves formed during the solidification streams of lava.Secondary caves , was formed after the formation of the rocks. Here we include caves such as caused by earthquakes, by a shock wave, and karst caves. Karst caves are the most common and are the largest size, are therefore the main object of interest cavers and cave explorers.
![Page 3: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Polish Tourist Caves
1. Cave in Mechowo 2. Raj Cave near Kielce 3. Dark Cave 4. Cave Łokietek 5. Bats Cave 6. Upper Cave Wierzchowska 7. Dragon's Den on Wawel 8. Bear's Cave in Kletno 9. Cave Radochowska10. Cave Malinowska11. Cave Hole12. Frosty Cave13. Cave Delusive14. Cave Raptawicka15. Cave Obłazkowa 16. Dragon's Den in the Ravine „Krakow”
Caves of the border17. Cave Bielska
![Page 4: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Cave in Mechowothe largest and best known cave in the Polish Lowlands
![Page 5: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The entrance to the cave are a sandstone column
![Page 6: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Cave in Mechowo
![Page 7: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
In some places on the walls and ceiling of the corridor are stalactites calcite.
The most famous of these is called "Bleeding heart".
![Page 8: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Exit of the cave and distinctive "column"
![Page 9: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Cave Raj
![Page 11: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Cave Dark
![Page 12: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Reconstruction of neanderthal camp in the vicinity of the Dark Cave
![Page 14: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Dark Cave is located in the Ojcowski National Park in the Valley Prądnik
![Page 15: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Cave Łokietek
![Page 17: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Entry of the Bats Cave
![Page 19: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
One of the inhabitants of this cave
![Page 20: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Bats Cavelocated in the upper part
of Valley Będkowska
![Page 21: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Lanscape ParkBolechowicki Gorge and Kluczwoda Valley
![Page 22: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Upper Cave Wierzchowskais located in the upper part of the Kluczwoda Valley
![Page 23: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Upper Cave Wierzchowska
![Page 24: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Dragon's Den (under the Wawel Hill)Karst cave at the foot of Wawel Castle shrouded in legend of the Wawel dragon.
![Page 25: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Wawel Hill Aerial
![Page 26: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
In the small tower, in the western part of the fortifications of the castle, is the entrance to the Dragon Cave. The tour begins in the castle and go down the stairs to the cave. For visitors, there are three chambers, the longest of them has a length of 25 m and is 10
meters tall. Output there is outside the Castle walls near the bed of the Vistula.
![Page 27: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Entrance to the Dragon Cave
![Page 28: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Exit the Dragon Cave
![Page 29: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Bear's Cave in KletnoEntrance pavilion
![Page 32: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Bear's Cave in Kletno is the most beautiful stalactite cave in Poland. Located on the Earth Kłodzko in the Massif Borscht.
![Page 33: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
cave bear skeleton
![Page 34: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Unusual forms of stalagmite
![Page 36: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Unusual forms of stalagmite
![Page 37: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Exit the cave
![Page 41: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
A large horizontal cave which is an undoubtedly, in addition to the Bear Cave in Kletno,one of the biggest attractions of the region.
Cave Radochowskalies in the Klodzko Valley in the vicinity of Ladek Zdroj
![Page 42: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Chamber "Gothic"
![Page 43: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Lakelet
![Page 44: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Crossing tunnels of near the 'Gothic' Hall
![Page 45: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Bats hibernate in caves. Confirmed the presence of five species: big brown bat (Mimyotis), reddish brown bat, brown bat, barbastelle, serotine.
![Page 47: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
The entrance to the cave Malinowska
![Page 49: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
The first stage of the descent into the cave, in a further way is no longer ladders
![Page 51: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
The entrance to the cave, "Dziura" (Hole)
![Page 53: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Main hall
![Page 54: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
ice icicles in the initial part of the cave
![Page 55: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
The final part of the cave
![Page 56: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Main corridor of caveThe trail leading to the cave
![Page 58: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Cave Mroźna. Tatra Mountains. Koscieliska Valley
![Page 59: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Koscieliska Valley - Pisana Hall, on right Raptawicka turnia (crag) with caves:Raptawicka, Obłazkowa and Mylna.
On the left side there is the gorge 'Krakow' and Dragon's Den
![Page 60: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Kościeliska Valley, on right a path leading to the caves: Raptawicka, Obłazkowa and Mylna
![Page 61: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Cave MylnaThis is by far the most interesting proposal of polish tourist cave
intended to the individually tour. The cave is situated in the middle part of Kościeliska Valley
in the wall of Raptawicka Turnia.
![Page 62: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
![Page 63: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
One of a "Windows of Pawlikowski"
![Page 64: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Traverse with the chains in the northern part of the cave
![Page 65: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
![Page 66: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Crag Raptawicka
![Page 67: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Access to the Cave Raptawicka
![Page 68: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Initial hall of cave
![Page 69: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Initial hall of cave Raptawicka
![Page 70: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Obłazkowa Cave those are practically a long and narrow corridors, are part of the karst system linking all the surrounding caves . It is located about 50 meters below of the cave Raptawicka, in the immediate vicinity of cave Mylna.
![Page 71: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
The entrance to the cave Obłazkowa
![Page 72: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
The entrance to the cave Obłazkowa
![Page 73: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Initial hall of cave
![Page 74: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Path to Ravine Krakow
![Page 75: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
DRAGON'S DEN (IN THE RAVINE KRAKOW)
View on Ravine Krakow from the trail around of the cave.
On the left at the bottom - entrance hole.
Plan of Dragon's Den
![Page 76: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
The entrance to the cave
![Page 77: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Hiking trail that running through the cave.
![Page 78: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Bielska cave (Bielańska)
Cave Bielańska that have been discovered by gold prospectors in the first half of the eighteenth century, is located in an attractive environment Tatra National Park, in the eastern part of the National Nature Reserve Tatra Bielskie. On the tour route is dominated by stalagmites shaped pagodas and waterfalls a length exceeding 50 m.The cave is famous for its beautiful formations and scenic lakes.The Cave Bielska lies on Slovakia, near the Polish border so if you will be in Zakopane is worth to go to visit her.
![Page 79: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
![Page 80: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
![Page 81: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
![Page 82: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
![Page 83: Caves](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022103004/55d4a4b3bb61eb6a618b4741/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
the end
Music - Yanni; Paths of waterIllustrations uploaded from web sitesA presentation has been prepared by - Anna