Climate Change Expert Group (CCXG): Global Forum on the Environment and Climate Change

OECD Conference Centre, Paris, France, 14 – 15 March 2017

Indonesia NDC Experience in Communicating Mitigation NDCs

Joseph Viandrito Program Director

Indonesia Climate Change Trust Fund (ICCTF) Ministry of Development Planning (Bappenas), Indonesia

2

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035

Emission reduction by 362 Mton CO2e or equals to

Fair Scenario: Emission reduction by 848 Mton CO2e or equals to 29% from its BAU in 2030

Ambitious Scenario: Emission reduction by 1.191 Gton CO2e or equals to 41% from its BAU in 2030

Optimistic Scenario: Emission reduction by 921.5 Mton CO2e or equals to 32% from its BAU in 2030

(in th

ousa

nds

of to

nnes

of C

O2e

)

Years

BAU Baseline Total Emission Baseline Total Emission Scenario Fair Baseline Total Emission Scenario Ambitious

Policy Scenarios of Emission in Indonesia

#1. Were the most challenging to provide information? A. Coordination Issues.

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A. COORDINATION ISSUE: Complex Coordination across several relevant ministries and governments related to climate change and in managing the finance from several sources.

UNFCCC Steering Committee for NDC –chaired by

Min of Planning/ BAPPENAS

Focal Point to International

Min of Planning/ Bappenas

Other Stakeholders

Min of Energy

Min of Industry

Min of Transport

Min of Public Works

Working Group for Energy & Waste

Min of Planning/ Bappenas

Min of Agriculture

Min of Env & Forestry

Other Stakeholders

Working Group for Land-Based

Min of Planning/ Bappenas

Other Stakeholders

Min of Finance

Chamber of Commerce

Working Group for Economic and Finance

National and Local Action Plan for Emission Reduction (RAN/RAD-GRK) coordinated by National and Regional Development Planning Office (Bappenas and Bappeda)

Secretariat of RAN-GRK

Coordination structure of NDC review in Indonesia

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#1. Were the most challenging to provide information? B. Point of View

Population Waste

Industry Economy

Land Use

Transportation

Energy

POVERTY ECONOMY

CO2 Emission

TRADE OFFS

B. POINT OF VIEW: Emission Reduction is not just seen as environmental issue It is a development issue. Therefore: 1) It is part of actions in developing and implementing sustainable development

policies that aims to strengthen economy, reduce poverty and also GHG emission. 2) Emission Reduction is a goal in the National Mid-Term Development Plan

Development Policies ?

b. Emission Reduction is a goal in the National Mid-Term Development Plan

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RAN GRK 2010-2020

Review process of RAN - GRK

(Jan-Aug 2015)

UPDATED RAN - GRK 2010-20xx

Indonesia INDC

New National Mid-Term Development Plan

2015-2019

Assessments of new baseline and future policy intervention

Indonesia INDC Submission to

UNFCCC

Revised Presidential

Regulation on RAN-GRK

Current RAN-GRK Review Process

Document Outputs High Level Decision

Technocratic Process

Political Process

Indonesia NDC

Indonesia NDC Submission to

UNFCCC

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#1. Were the most challenging to provide information? C. Capability

C. CAPABILITY The principle of INDC scheme is “common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities” (CBDR & RC), and its criteria are clarity, transparency, and understandable, also fair and ambitious (CTU & FA). Based on INDC’s principle, capability is a substance of INDC implementation, and to understand the capability in the Indonesia context, it needs to understand the situation of development in Indonesia. Challenges: Lack of human resources for completing all processes on reporting at national and local level and lack of capability in reporting MER Online; Lack of Map and Image database

The activities of the National Action Plan and the Regional Action Plan for Emission Reduction (RAN/RAD-GRK) have been reported every year by the Ministry/Agency and local governments to the Ministry of National Development Planning/Bappenas conventionally. Since 2014, Bappenas introduced MER online reporting or known as PEP Online. Please see at www.rangrk.co.id PEP Online

MER Online Feature

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#1. Were the most challenging to provide information? D. Local Rationality

Fore

st C

over

Regional GDP (in Trillion Rupiah)

Fore

st C

over

Population density (people/km2)

D. LOCAL RATIONALITY: How to choose the best scenario among islands? If choosing deforestation moratorium scenario, it may reduces emission at 40% (above the target of 29%), but it had negative impacts to regional economy and social condition, whereby regional GDP could decreased 2%-5% from BAU, and part of local people, especially who were highly dependent on forest and agriculture, will loss their livelihoods. *) *) Study of Mahawan Karuniasa PhD.

E. LACK OF INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT

International Support from developed countries on finance, technology development/transfer and capacity building is needed to support goal to reduce emission to 41% of BAU. While many projects with international funding supports are not reported or recorded as international contributions.

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#1. Were the most challenging to provide information? E. Lack of International Support

2030 2010

29%

12%

BAU

Unconditional

GHG

Emission

Conditional

2020

26%

RAN-GRK NDC

ICCTF’s Role

The Indonesia Climate Change Trust Fund (ICCTF) was established in 2009 as a working unit of BAPPENAS, the Ministry of National Development Planning. It is the only national fund dedicated to climate change with the mandate to align funding with national climate change and development priorities, with three financing windows: land-based mitigation; energy; and adaptation and resilience. ICCTF funds the Secretariat of RAN & RAD-GRK (Secretariat of National Action Plan for Emission Reduction) to ensure the implementation of National/Local Action Plan for Emission Reduction. ICCTF also funds the Secretariat of RAN-API (Secretariat for National Adaptation Action Plan) Emission reduction from ICCTF projects is reported and acknowledged through Secretariat of RAN GRK as part of international contribution’s support (if come from foreign donors) or national contribution (if come from national budget).

#2. Was the Guidance Useful and Helpful?

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COP 20 UNFCCC Lima, Peru FCCC/CP/2014/L.14

14. Agrees that the information to be provided by Parties communicating their intended nationally determined contributions, in order to facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding, may include, as appropriate, inter alia, quantifiable information on the reference point (including, as appropriate, a base

year), time frames and/or periods for implementation, scope and coverage, planning processes, assumptions and methodological approaches including those for estimating and accounting for anthropogenic greenhouse

gas emissions and, as appropriate, removals, and how the Party considers that its intended nationally determined contribution is fair and ambitious, in light of its national circumstances, and how it contributes

towards achieving the objective of the Convention as set out in its Article 2;

#2. Was the guidance provided to communicate INDCs useful (1/CP.20, paragraph 14)? What, specifically, was helpful and/or unhelpful about it?

• Reference point: National Mid Term Development Plan (RPJMN) was translated into Government’s Annual Work Plan and Budget

• Planning processes: Mainstreaming Emission Reduction into Development Agenda to ensure alignment between Climate and Development Agendas with long term emissions mitigation and adaptation impact

• Quantifiable information: Improving data base and information system through MER online of the RAN GRK (National Action Plan of Emission Reduction).

• Assumptions and Methodological approaches: Improving Capacity and Capability of National & Local Government in Reporting.

Next Steps to Strengthen Communication Mitigation NDCs in Indonesia

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COORDINATION: • Improve coordination among

ministries and governments to enhance coordination of NDC-related activities at global and country level with existing coordination

• Support multi-stakeholders engagement and international support

• Build in-country capacity to provide opportunities for enhancing and strengthening institutional and endogenenous capacity.

POLICY: • Strengthen policy formulation

that address interlinkage between goals of SDGs with goal 13 at national and regional level

• Enhance policy integration among ministries and governments in order to allign climate goals, sustainable of finance agendas.

• Mainstreaming INDC into the next National Medium Long-term Development Plan (RPJMN).

• Revise the Local Action Plan for GHG Reduction (RAD-GRK) across provinces and developing INDC per region

DATA: Improving NDC data

base and information system and update the

progress of NDC continuously

1. 2. 4.

Improving Technical Human Resources and

Capability to report through MER Online

LEGAL FRAMEWORK Provide proper legal Framework by completing the Revision of the Presidential Decree No. 61/2011 on RAN-GRK by referring to the INDC exercise

3.

Merci Bien Terima Kasih

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Contacts: josephviandrito@icctf.or.id, joe.viandrito@gmail.com

lingkungan.hidup@bappenas.go.id http://www.icctf.or.id, http://ranradgrk.bappenas.go.id/rangrk/