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PICTURE INDUSTRV A Provisional History of the Technical Image 1844-2018 Edited, with an introduction by Walead Beshty Foreword by Maja Hoffmann Tom Eccles L U M A· III c:c:s BJ.lRD

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Page 1: c:c:s - GBV

PICTURE INDUSTRV

A Provisional History of the Technical Image 1844-2018

Edited, with an introduction by Walead Beshty

Foreword by Maja Hoffmann Tom Eccles

L U M A· III c:c:s BJ.lRD

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Table of contents

Foreword 17 Maja Hoffmann and Tom Eccles

Acknowledgments 19

lntroductioo: The Commons in the Age of lts Technological Reproducibility 20 Walead Beshty

TAKEN FROM HERE TO WHERE IT GAME FROM AND TAKEN TO A PLAGE AND USED 34 IN SUCH A MANNERTHAT IT CAN ONLY RE MAIN AS A REPRESENTATION OFWHAT ITWAS WHERE IT GAME FROM Lawrence Weiner 1980

lntroductory Remarks and Selected Plates from Pencil of Nature William Henry FoxTalbot 1844-46

A Scene in a Library: The First Photographically lllustrated Book Carol Armstrong 1998

The Stereoscope and Stereograph Oliver Wendell Holmes 1859

Selections from Mechanisms of Human Facial Expression Guillaume-Amant Duchenne de Boulogne 1862

Photographs of the High Rockies in Harper's New Monthly Magazine, Vol. CCXXXll, No. 39, September 1869 John Samson [likely a pseudonym ofTimothy H. O'Sullivan]

Photography's Discursive Spaces Rosalind E. Krauss 1986

Naming the View Alan Trachtenberg 1990

United States Geo/ogical Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel, Volume lll: Mining lndustry James D. Hague and Clarence King 1870

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Report on the United States and Mexican Boundary Survey, Vol. I William H. Emory 1857

Prefatory Note and Preface to United States Geo/ogical Survey of the Territories, Descriptive Catalogue of Photographs of North American Indians Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden and William Henry Jackson 1877

Colorchromes from the Detroit Photographie Company William Henry Jackson 1892-1903

Carte de visite SojournerTruth 1864

lntroduction to EnduringTruths: Sojourner's Shadows and Substance Oarcy Grimaldo Grigsby 2015

The Golden Caribbean, Vol. II, No. 1, January 1904 United Fruit Company

The Evidence of Things Not Photographed: Slavery and Historical Memory in the British West lndies Krista Thompson 2011

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The Other Half and HowThey Live: Story in Pictures [Reconstruction of a Magie 146 Lantern Slide Lecture Presented at the Sixth Annual Convention of Christian Workers) Jacob Riis 1891

How the Other Half Lives: Studies Among theTenements in Scribner's Magazine, 162 Vol. VI, No. 6, December 1889 Jacob Riis

lnquiries into Human Faculty and lts Development 167 Francis Galton 1883

Physiological Study of Normal Wal~ing 170 Georges Gilles de laTourette 1885

Notes on Gesture 175 Giorgio Agamben 2000

Selections from Theoretical Study of Signalment 179 Alphonse Bertillon 1896

Bertillon System of Criminal ldentification [Selected by Cameron Rowland) 194 National Law Enforcement Museum Website 2018

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Selection from Attitudes of Animals in Motion Eadweard Muybridge 1882

Selections from Anima/ Locomotion Eadweard Muybridge 1887

lron Horses: Leland Stanford, Eadweard Muybridge, and the lndustrialized Eye John Ott 2005

Physiologie du mouvement: Je vol des oiseaux Etienne-Jules Marey 1890

Chronophotography Etienne-Jules Marey 1899

Marey and the Organization ofWork Marta Braun 1994

Selections of X-Ray Photographs from Journal of Electrochemistry Wilhelm Röntgen 1896-97

On a New Kind of Rays Wilhelm Röntgen 1896

lnjured Right Hand of Workman in The Röntgen Rays in Medical Work DavidWalsh 1897

Still from Workers Leaving the Lumiere Factory Louis and Auguste Lumiere 1895

Still from Employees Leaving Williamson's Factory, Lancaster Still from Employees Leaving Messrs Vickers & Maxim's in Barrow Sagar Mitchell and James Kenyon 1901

Preface to Motion Study: A Method for lncreasing the Efficiency of the Workman Frank 8. Gilbreth 1911

Motion Study Photographs Frank 8. Gilbreth 1913-1917

Radiography, Cinematography and the Decline of the Lens Lisa Cartwright and Brian Goldfarb 1992

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Selections from: Charities andThe Commons, and The Survey, 1908-1913 Lewis Hine

The Homestead Plant: Carnegie Steel Company in Homestead: The Households of a Mill Town, Vol. 4 Lewis Hine 1910

Production - Reproduction Laszl6 Moholy-Nagy 1922

War Against War! Ernst Friedrich 1924

Ernst Friedrich's Pacifistic Anarchism Douglas Kellner 1987

Der Mensch als Industriepalast Fritz Kahn 1926

Selections from Das Leben des Menschen, Eine volkstümliche Anatomie, Biologie, Physiologie und Entwicklungeschichte des Menschen Fritz Kahn 1926- 1931

Photography Siegfried Kracauer 1927

Perspective as Symbolic Form Erwin Panofsky 1927

(Not) In Place:The Grid, or, Cultural Techniques of Ruling Spaces Bernhard Siegert 2015

Dictionary: Man in Documents 4 Georges Bataille 1929

Type 89 Moving-image Machine-gun Camera, Kai 2, Serial No. 7967 Manufactured by Rokuoh-sha [currently Konica Minolta Electronics Co„ Ltd.} Produced from 1933-44

Selections from Arbeiter-Illustrierte Zeitung John Heartfield 1930-32

The Work of Art in the Age of ltsTechnological Reproducibility (Second Version) Walter Benjamin 1935-36

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

There Are No Mass Media 312 Bernhard Siegert 2003

Julian Sander, Great-Grandson of August Sander, as Recounted to Walead Beshty 316 2017

Student of Philosophy [Erich Sander], 1926 317 Politica/ Prisoner [Erich Sander), 1943 Death Mask of Erich Sander, 1944 August Sander

Images in Spite of All 320 Georges Didi-Huberman 2008

A MathematicalTheory of Communication 328 Claude Shannon 1948

Woman Operating a Hollerith Pantographie Card-Punching Machine 336 Harris and Ewing Studio [George W. Harris and Martha Ewing) ca. 1915

Computing Machinery and lntelligence 337 AlanTuring 1950

Labor Anonymous in Fortune Magazine, November 1946 340 Selections from Fortune Magazine, 1941-1962 Hornes of Americans in Fortune Magazine, 1946 Walker Evans

Walker Evans:The MagazineWork 358 David Campany 2014

Nation Horrified by Murder of Kidnapped Chicago Youth in Jet Magazine, Vol. XIII, No. 362 19, September 15, 1955

Emmett Till Ever After 364 Darby English 2013

The Restraints: Open and Hidden in LIFE Magazine, September 24, 1956 372 Selections from Ebony and LIFE Magazine, 1947-1968 Gordon Parks

They Fight a Fire That Won't Go Out in LIFE Magazine, May 17, 1963 388 Charles Moore

Mechanical (HThe Dogs' Attaclc is Negroes' Reward," from LIFE Magazine, 390 May 17, 1963) Andy Warhol 1964

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Race Riot Andy Warhol 1964

Roentgenizdat [bootleg audio recording on X-ray film] Unknown makers ca. 1960s

The Medium ls the Message Marshall Mcluhan 1964

Poem, March 1966 in Aspen Magazine, No. 5+6, 1967 Dan Graham

MyWorks for Magazine Pages: A History of Conceptual Art, 1965-1969 Dan Graham 1985

Hornes for America [photo offset reproduction of layout for magazine article] Dan Graham 1972

Selections from House Beautiful: Bringing the War Home Martha Rasier ca. 1967-72

Tron (Amputee) in Goodbye to All That, No. 3, October 13, 1970 Martha Rasier

Amarillo- Tal/ in Texas Stephen Shore 1971

Still from Phi Phenomenon Morgan Fisher 1968

Phi Phenomenon Morgan Fisher 1976

Preparation Plants from Coal Mines Bernd and Hilla Becher 1966-78

[Untitled) in January 5-13, 1969 Douglas Huebler

Projects C/ass David Askevold 1969

Advertisements in Artforum Magazine, 1968-69 Stephen Kaltenbach

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Misunderstandings (A Theory of Photography) 430 Mel Bochner 1970

Still from Finally Got the News 432 Stewart Bird, Rene Lichtman, and Peter Gessner 1970

Still from Hour of the Furnaces 433 Fernando Solanas and Octavio Getino 1968

Towards a Third Cinema: Notesand Experiences for the Development of a Cinema of 434 Liberation in the Third World Fernando Solanas and Octavio Getino 1969

Photograph and Screen 439 Stanley Cavell 1971

ldeological Effects of the Basic Cinematographic Apparatus 441 Jean-Louis Baudry 1974

Cover and Preface to How To Read Donald Duck: Imperialist ldeology in the 448 Disney Comic Ariel Dorfman and Armand Mattelart 1975

A Declaration of Dependence 450 Sarah Charlesworth 1975

Washing/Tracks/Maintenance: Outside 455 Mierle Laderman Ukeles 1973

Advertisement in Artforum Magazine, November 1974 458 Lydia Benglis

MagazineActions in Fiesta Magazine, Vol. 10, No. 7, 1976 460 Cosey Fanni Tutti

Still from Eadweard Muybridge, Zoopraxographer 462 Thom Andersen 1976

Five Notes for a Phenomenology of the Photographie Image 463 Hubert Damisch 1963

Mapplethorped: Art, Photography, and the Pornographie Imagination 465 Richard Meyer 2016

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X Portfolio Robert Mapplethorpe 1977-78

Photography en abyme Craig Owens 1978

Young Workers Jeff Wall 1978/1983

Artist Statement from Horror Pleni: Pictures in New York Today Ericka Beckman 1980

Selections from Camera Lucida: Reflections on Photography Roland Barthes 1982

Allegorical Procedures: Appropriation and Montage in Contemporary Art Benjamin H. D. Buchloh 1982

Selections from Travel Posters Barbara Bloom 1981/2009

After Walker Evans: 1-22 Sherrie Levine 1981

Collection of Ten Piaster Surrogates Allan McCollum 1982/1990

Arrangements of Pictures in October, Vol. 26, 1983 Louise Lawler

Still from Sans Solei/ Chris Marker 1983

WildDead Gretchen Sender 1984

Towards a Philosophy of Photography Vilem Flusser 1983

Still from Standard Gauge Morgan Fisher 1984

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. TABLE OF CONTENTS

Standard Gauge Morgan Fisher 1984

lntroduction to Gramophone, Film, Typewriter Friedrich A. Kittler 1986

Still from Handsworth Songs BlackAudio Film Collective 1986

Black Audio Film Collective: John Akomfrah, Reece Auguiste, Lina Gopaul, and Avril Johnson Coca Fusco 1987

Selections from Cray at Chippewa Falls: Photographs by Lee Friedlander Lee Friedlander 1987

Ektachrome Archive Lyle Ashton Harris 1986-96

Lyle Ashton Harris on Ektachrome Archive ( 1986-1996), as told to Alpesh Kantilal Patel 2015

Scripts from Monodramas Stan Douglas 1987-1991

News HourViewer Call-in Segment Regarding Original Broadcast of Stan Douglas's Monodramas BCTV 1992

Herald Tribune, January 18-February 28, 1991 Sarah Charlesworth 1991

The Gesture of Video Vilem Flusser 1991

Red Portfolio Glenn Ligon 1993

Seif Portrait (James Dean) Jack Pierson 1993

Hiatus: Work in Progress Lecture Ericka Beckman 1993

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Video and Resistance: Against Documentaries Critical Art Ensemble 1994

'Can you be BLACK and Look atThis?': Reading the Rodney King Videos Elizabeth Alexander 1994

Being the Subject of Art bell hooks 1995

Still From Workers Leaving the Factory Harun Farocki 1995

Workers Leaving the Factory Harun Farocki 2004

Automation of Sight: From Photography to Computer Vision lev Manovich 1996

Selections from Case History Boris Mikhailov 1997-1998

Case History Boris Mikhailov 1999

Selections from Venezia Marghera Series Lewis Baltz 1999/2011

Strike Objects Jean-Luc Moulene 1999

Selections from lnflight Magazine, 2000 Johan Grimonprez

Post-Documentary, Post-Photography? Martha Rosler 2001

schema; Aquafresh plus Crest with whitener schema; Aquafresh plus Crest with Scope KelleyWalker 2003

Civilian (adjusted to fit) Louise Lawler 2010/2011

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Black Mo'nin' Fred Moten 2003

Orange de Rijke/de Rooij 2004

Stills from Eye/Machine 1, II, and III Harun Farocki 2001-2003

Phantom Images Harun Farocki 2004

Live Evil (Kuala Lumpur) Paul Pfeiffer 2003

Digital Video Effect: "Holes" Seth Price 2003

The Fu// Edition of Smoke and Mirrors 24A Eileen Ouinlan 2006

Protocol Alexander R. Galloway 2006

Documentary Uncertainty Hito Steyerl 2007

Supplement '14 (MixedTypologies) #6 ChristopherWilliams 2014

ChristopherWilliams in Conversation with Mark Godfrey 2007

Declassification United States Department of Defense Website 2018

From the Redaction Paintings Series Jenny Holzer 2007

The Civil Contract of Photography Ariella Azoulay 2008

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Still from Episode ///: Enjoy Poverty 706 Renzo Martens 2008

Toward a New lnstitutional Critique: A Conversation with Renzo Martens 707 T.J. Demos 2012

Still from Exit (Bath lron Works, Ju/y 7-11, 2008, Bath, Maine) 712 Sharon Lockhart 2008

On Compression 713 Cory Arcangel 2008

Repression and the Information Boom 717 Zuhair al-Jezairy 2005

Redistribution (video transcript) 720 Seth Price 2010

Dailies from Rythm Mastr 726 Kerry James Marshall 2010

Still from In Free Fall 728 Hito Steyerl 2010

In Free Fall: A Thought Experiment on Vertical Perspective 729 Hito Steyerl 2011

Photography and the Law: Five Groundbreaking Cases of Photography in Litigation 735 Daniel McClean 2011

Still from The Unstable Object 739 Daniel Eisenberg 2011

Still from Workers Leaving the Googleplex 740 Andrew Norm an Wilson 2011

Still from Touching Rea/ity 742 Thomas Hirschhorn 2012

Why ls lt lmportant-Today-to Show and Look at Images of Destroyed Human Bodies? 743 Thomas Hirschhorn 2012

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

You've Lost That Loving Feeling: Rineke Dijkstra After Empathy Johanna Burton 2012

Diane Arbus: A Printed Retrospective, 1960-1971 Pierre Leguillon 2012

Anonymous Needs and Desires (Various Castoffs: Ceramic Tile, Potato Chips, Garlic, Men's Socks, Blackberry, iPod, Baby Food, Perfume, Chocolate, and Cigarettes) Liz Glynn 2012

Truth Study Center Wolfgang Tillmans 2016

TheTower Hito Steyerl 2015

In Defense of Representation Tristan Garcia 2015

Great Things Never Come from Comfort Zones in i-D Magazine, No. 336, 2015 Wolfgang Tillmans

lnfrastructuralism John Durham Peters 2015

The Distributed Image Peter Osborne 2015

Untitled lsa Genzken 2016

Parasagittal Brain Yngve Holen 2013

Flint is Family in Elle Magazine, September 2016 LaToya Ruby Frazier

The Phantasmagorie Dispositif: An Assembly of Bodies and Images in Real Time and Space Noam M. Elcott 2016

Handpunch Cameron Rowland 2014-2015

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Love ls the Message, the Message ls Death Arthur Jafa 2016

Love is the Message, The Plan is Death Arthur Jafa andTina Campt 2017

Martha Rasier in Conversation with Walead Beshty 2017

Stephen Share in Conversation with Walead Beshty 2017

Stan Douglas in Conversation with Walead Beshty 2016

Hito Steyerl in Conversation with Walead Beshty 2017

James Merle Thomas in Conversation with Walead Beshty 2018

Contributors

Index

Thanks

Credits

Colophon

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Citation style, idiosyncratic spalling, and unusual capitalization have been modernized following The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition (2017).Any alterationsto original texts are designated by the use of an editorial bracket and ellipsas ( [„ .) ). Complete bibliographic and copyright information for all texts can be found in the "Contributors" section of this volume.