cctv systems network addresses

© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.

U4 - 1

CCTV Digital Basics

Unit 4 – Network AddressesUnit 4 – Network Addresses


U4 - 2

Objectives

Department

After completing this unit, you will be able to:

Define the different types of network addresses

Describe how IP addresses are defined and grouped for

usage

Describe subnets and their function

Define DNS and its function

Describe multicasting and how it can be used for CCTV

Describe the function of firewalls

Unit 4 – Network Addresses


U4 - 3

Department


MAC addresses

Media Access Control (MAC) address

• Network devices and peripheral components have adaptor boards (NIC) to connect to the network

• A hardware component address associated to NIC

• A unique 12 digit hexadecimal number

• Usually stays fixed to that component (like a name)

• Assigned by manufacturer

• First six places identify the manufacturer

00:A0:C9:A1:34:12The prefix 00A0C9 indicates Intel Corporation


U4 - 4

Department


IP addresses Internet Protocol (IP) address

• A unique number that identifies that component on the network

• The “mailing” software address on the network for that component

• Assigned by the network administrator (static) or randomly assigned (dynamic) at logon time

• Dotted-decimal notation – 32 bit address in four 8 bit fields. Each field is called an octet

122.126.10.9

Octets


U4 - 5

Department


IP addresses

Static addresses – Set up and assigned by network administrator. Fixed to device


U4 - 6

Department


IP addresses

Dynamic addresses – Randomly assigned address each time component connects to the network.


U4 - 7

Department


IP address standards

Two level IP address identification hierarchy.

• First part identifies the network address

• Second part identifies the specific host (device, or node) on the network

• This dividing line will be different for different classes (sizes) of network systems

Network domain identifier Network host (device) identifier

Two tier IP address hierarchy


U4 - 8

Network identifier Host (device)identifier

Department


IP address classes

122.126.110.109

Two level IP hierarchy for different network classes

Class A – Large networks with many devices


U4 - 9


Department


IP address classes

128.126.110.109


Class B – Medium sized networks


U4 - 10


Department


IP address classes


Class C – Small sized networks (< 254 devices)

193.126.110.109


U4 - 11

Department


Subnet addresses Allows organizations with multiple network sites or

extensive internal networks to create their own internal (subnet) IP network addresses

• The subnet addresses are not visible outside the private network system

• Allows the organization to add to or segment their internal network (LAN) without impacting external IP address interface

• Subnet mask is part of the IP address (value 255)2 level IP address

Network Number

Host Number

3 level IP subnet mask address

Network

Number

Subnet Number

Host Number


U4 - 12

Department


Subnet addresses


U4 - 13

Department


Domain Naming System (DNS)

Network sites can have names (URLs) for identification

• Domain names (such as bosch.com) can be used to identify networks

• The URL names correlates to an IP number address

• DNS database system allows you to use either IP number or a URL name for network connection


U4 - 14

Department


Multicasting

The method of distributing the data packets out to the network

• The data is copied by the network and sent to specific nodes (IP addresses)

• Only those nodes identified receive the information

• The number of receivers (video viewers) has no impact on network load

• Requires:

• Level 3 network switch on the network

• Class D multicasting IP address

• IP addresses for all receiving nodes


U4 - 15

Department


Multicasting


U4 - 16

Department


Unicasting

Separate data packets are distributed to each node within the designated group.

• Separate data packets are sent to each node

• Can overload a network if the files are large and/or large number of nodes are receiving the data


U4 - 17

Department


Broadcasting

Separate data packets are distributed to all nodes on the network by use of a broadcast IP address.

• Data packets sent to all nodes on a network, even if not needed

• This can create a lot of unwanted network traffic


U4 - 18

Department


Firewalls

First point of contact into a private network system

• Consists of hardware (gateway server) and software

• The firewall server represents the network IP address to other networks

• Firewall function:• Protect the network from unwanted outside traffic/users

• Control and screen network traffic

• Control access to specific nodes or data

• Can restrict outgoing data flow

• Server, working with switcher will route the data to the proper node(s) on its own network


U4 - 19

Department


Firewalls

Important point to communicate for CCTV systems

• Does a firewall exist between camera pickup and monitoring location(s)?

• What is the level of access/security?

• What is the bandwidth limitations and traffic volume/patterns?


U4 - 20

Answer the review questions for Unit 4



U4 - 21

Unit 1 – Defining Digital

cctv systems network addresses

Documents