cd audio, cd rom
TRANSCRIPT
CD Audio, CD ROM And
EXTENDED ARCHITECTURE
Prakash Tyata690331
01
• Compact Disc Digital Audio (CD-DA) is the standard format for audio compact discs
• The standard is defined in the Red Book
• The Red Book specifies the physical parameters and properties of the CD
02CD DIGITAL AUDIO
All audio CD's have three defined areas
• The Lead-In Area • The Program Area• The Lead-Out Area
03CD DIGITAL AUDIO
The Lead-In Area • contains the Table Of Content• occupies first area on a CD• the innermost 0.4 millimeter's of
the disc• list of all the Track ID positions
(start times) of all the audio tracks on the disc
04CD DIGITAL AUDIO
The Program Area• contains all the actual audio• Maximum playing time is 79:57
minutes , this was originally 74 minutes
• Maximum number of tracks is 99• Maximum number of index points
is 98
05CD DIGITAL AUDIO
The Lead-Out Area • simply marks the end of the
Program Area
06CD DIGITAL AUDIO
07CD DIGITAL AUDIO
Characteristics• Audio rate is 172.3 KBps• Storage capacity of CD-DA is 747
MB
08CD DIGITAL AUDIO
Eight-to-Fourteen Modulation• modifies binary code data and
allows 17 bits of data space to be used to encode 8 bits of data
• 8-bit block of data is replaced by a 14-bit code word using a lookup table
• requires more space for data
9CD DIGITAL AUDIO
Eight-to-Fourteen Modulation(cont)
• assures that imperfections and foreign material do not cause critical data to be missed
• involves two extra zeros placed between two consecutive ones
• Ten consecutive zeros are the maximum allowed between consecutive zeros
10CD DIGITAL AUDIO
Errors in CD-DA• Scratches• Dust• Fingerprints• Burst errors:
When more than a single bit of data unit gets corrupted it is known as Burst error
11CD DIGITAL AUDIO
Errors Handling• Two-level Reed-Solomon Code with
frame interleaving • First level: byte level, Error Detection Code
and Error Correction Code• Second level: Frame interleaving
• Cross-Interleaved Reed-Solomon Coding
12CD DIGITAL AUDIO
• Stands for "Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
• cannot be altered or erased the data but can read many times
13CD ROM
• Yellow Book CD-ROM Standard divided CD-ROM into two part• CD-ROM Mode 1• CD-ROM Mode 2
14CD ROM
CD-ROM MODE 1• usually used for computer data • Each block consist of sync, header, user
data, Error Detection Code, blank, and Error Correction code
• its capacity is 660MB• Data transfer rate is 150 KBps• 304 bytes reserved for error-detection and
correction.
15CD ROM
CD-ROM MODE 2• usually used for compress audio, video or
picture• Each block consist of sync, header, user
data • its capacity is 742 MB• Data transfer rate is 175 KBps
16CD ROM
• Based on CD-ROM mode 2 • compressed audio and video can be
retrieved concurrently• Two types of CD-ROM/XA
• CD-ROM/XA (Mode 2) Form 1• CD-ROM/XA (Mode 2) Form 2
17CD-ROM/XA
CD-ROM/XA mode 2 Form 1• Improved error handling for text and
program data• Each block consist of sync, header, sub-
header, user data, Error Detection Code and Error Correction Code
18CD-ROM/XA
CD-ROM/XA mode 2 Form 2• usually used for compress audio, video
or picture• Each block consist of sync, header, sub-
header, user data and Error Detection Code
19CD-ROM/XA
20CD DIGITAL AUDIO
THANK YOU !!!
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