Supplementary Content

eMethod 1. Inclusion and exclusion criteria

eMethod 2. Operation manual of the fecal immunochemical test (Pupu Tube, New

Horizon Health Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China) used in the TARGET-C trial

eMethod 3. Risk factors included in the colorectal cancer risk assessment score

eTable 1. Participation rates of colonoscopy, fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and

risk-adapted screening stratified by age and sex

eTable 2. Differences of participation rates by sex and age in different screening

groups

eTable 3. Compliance of colonoscopy for participants with positive fecal

immunochemical test (FIT) results in the FIT and the risk-adapted screening groups

eTable 4. Diagnostic yield of the risk-adapted screening group, according to the

intention-to-screen analysis

eTable 5. Diagnostic yield of colonoscopy, fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and risk-

adapted screening, stratified by sex, age and the location of the colorectal lesion,

according to the intention-to-screen analysis

eTable 6. Detection rate of the risk-adapted screening group, according to the as-

screened analysis

eTable 7. Detection rate of colonoscopy, fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and risk-

adapted screening, stratified by sex, age and the location of the colorectal lesion,

according to the as-screened analysis

eTable 8. Quality indicators of colonoscopy performed in the colonoscopy, FIT and

risk-adapted screening groups.

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eMethod 1. Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria:1) Individuals aged 50-74 years living in the study region2) Able to sign informed consentExclusion criteria:1) Prior history of CRC.2) Prior history of colonic resection.3) Receipt of any kind of cancer-related therapy (except for non-melanoma skin cancer); 4) prior colonic examination, including colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, computed tomography

(CT) colonography, and barium enema within 5 years.5) Prior history of fecal occult blood test and fecal DNA test within 1 year.6) Symptoms of lower gastrointestinal tract disease warranting colonoscopic evaluation, including:

(i) more than one episode of rectal bleeding within the past 6 months, (ii) documented iron deficiency anemia, and (iii) significant documented unintentional weight loss (>10% of baseline weight) over 6 months.

7) Significant comorbidity that would preclude benefit from screening or pose a significant risk to the performance of colonoscopy (e.g., severe lung disease, end-stage renal disease, end-stage liver disease, severe heart failure, or recent diagnosis of cancer, with the exception of non-melanoma skin cancer.

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eMethod 2. Operation manual of the fecal immunochemical test (Pupu Tube®, New Horizon Health Technology Co., Ltd) used in the TARGET-C trial

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eMethod 3. Risk factors included in the colorectal cancer risk assessment score

Based on previous evidence, we designed the risk score system and detailed information shown in the following Table. Participants with a score ≥4 were defined to be at high risk of colorectal cancer, while those with a score <4 were defined to be at low risk of colorectal cancer.

Risk factor Criteria Points

Age (years)

50-54 0

55-64 1

65-74 2

SexFemale 0

Male 1

Family history of colorectal cancer among

first-degree relatives

Absent 0

Present 1

SmokingNon-smoker 0

Current or past smoker 1

BMI<23 0

≥23 1

Abbreviations: BMI, Body mass index, calculated as weight (kg)/height2(meters2).

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eTable 1. Participation rates of colonoscopy, fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and risk-adapted screening stratified by age and sex

Grou

p

Men 　 Women 　 Overall

Nuptake/Ninvited Rate (95% CI) 　 Nuptake/Ninvited Rate (95% CI) 　 Nuptake/Ninvited Rate (95% CI)

(a) colonoscopy group

50-59 284/629 45.2 (41.3-49.1) 　517/1118 46.2 (43.3-49.2) 　801/1747 45.9 (43.5-48.2)

60-74 431/1002 43.0 (40.0-46.1) 　433/1167 37.1 (34.4-39.9) 　864/2169 39.8 (37.8-41.9)

Total 715/1631 43.8 (41.4-46.3) 　950/2285 41.6 (39.6-43.6) 　1665/3916 42.5 (41.0-44.1)

(b) FIT group 　50-59 1241/1309 94.8 (93.4-95.9) 　2046/2143 95.5 (94.5-96.3) 　3287/3452 95.2 (94.5-95.9)

60-74 1897/2026 93.6 (92.5-94.6) 　2202/2376 92.7 (91.6-93.7) 　4099/4402 93.1 (92.3-93.8)

Total 3138/3335 94.1 (93.2-94.8) 　4248/4519 94.0 (93.3-94.7) 　7386/7854 94.0 (93.5-94.5)

(c) risk-adapted screening group*

50-59 1086/1218 89.2 (87.3-90.8) 　2097/2232 94.0 (92.9-94.9) 　3183/3450 92.3 (91.3-93.1)

60-74 1273/1970 64.6 (62.5-66.7) 　2172/2356 92.2 (91.0-93.2) 　3445/4326 79.6 (78.4-80.8)

Total 2359/3188 72.4 (75.5-76.9) 　4269/4588 93.0 (92.3-93.7) 　6628/7776 85.2 (84.4-86.0)

(d) High-risk individuals in the risk-adapted screening group

50-59 152/228 66.7 (60.3-72.5) 　7/13 53.8 (29.1-76.8) 　159/241 66.0 (59.8-71.7)

60-74 522/1162 44.9 (42.1-47.8) 　43/69 62.3 (50.5-72.8) 　565/1231 45.9 (43.1-48.7)

Total 674/1390 48.5 (45.9-51.1) 　50/82 61.0 (50.2-70.8) 　724/1472 49.2 (46.6-51.7)

(e) Low-risk individuals in the risk-adapted screening group

50-59 934/982 95.1 (93.6-96.3) 　2090/2213 94.4 (93.4-95.3) 　3024/3195 94.6 (93.8-95.4)

60-74 751/803 93.5 (91.6-95.0) 　2129/2281 93.3 (92.2-94.3) 　2880/3084 93.4 (92.5-94.2)

Total 1685/1785 94.4 (93.2-95.4) 　4219/4494 93.9 (93.1-94.5) 　5904/6279 94.0 (93.4-94.6)

* 25 participants who did not undergo risk assessment were included.

Abbreviations: 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; FIT, fecal immunochemical test.

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eTable 2. Differences of participation rates by sex and age in different screening groupsStudy group Subgroup Rate (95% CI) ODDS RATIO (95% CI) * P

Colonoscopy group

Overall 42.5 (41.0-44.1) - -

Sex

Women 41.6 (39.6-43.6) Ref.

Men 43.8 (41.4-46.3) 1.08 (0.94-1.24) 0.281

Age (years)

50-59 45.9 (43.5-48.2) Ref.

60-74 39.8 (37.8-41.9) 0.82 (0.72-0.94) 0.004

FIT group

Overall 94.0 (93.5-94.5) - -

Sex

Women 94.0 (93.3-94.7) Ref.

Men 94.1 (93.2-94.8) 1.07 (0.88-1.30) 0.281

Age (years)

50-59 95.2 (94.5-95.9) Ref.

60-74 93.1 (92.3-93.8) 0.75 (0.61-0.92) 0.004

Risk-adapted screening

group

Overall 85.2 (84.4-86.0) - -

Sex

Women 93.0 (92.3-93.7) Ref.

Men 72.4 (75.5-76.9) 0.20 (0.17-0.23) <0.001

Age (years)

50-59 92.3 (91.3-93.1) Ref.

60-74 79.6 (78.4-80.8) 0.35 (0.30-0.41) <0.001

High-risk individuals in the

risk-adapted screening group

Overall 49.2 (46.6-51.7) - -

Sex

Women 61.0 (50.2-70.8) Ref.

Men 48.5 (45.9-51.1) 0.57 (0.35-0.92) 0.023

Age (years)

50-59 66.0 (59.8-71.7) Ref.

60-74 45.9 (43.1-48.7) 0.44 (0.32-0.60) <0.001

Low-risk individuals in the

risk-adapted screening group

Overall 94.0 (93.4-94.6) - -

Sex

Women 93.9 (93.1-94.5) Ref.

Men 94.4 (93.2-95.4) 1.07 (0.84-1.37) 0.591

Age (years)

50-59 94.6 (93.8-95.4) Ref.

60-74 93.4 (92.5-94.2) 0.90 (0.72-1.11) 0.324

* Logistic regression models including age, sex and study center were used to calculate the odds ratios and 95% confidence

intervals.

Abbreviations: 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; FIT, fecal immunochemical test.

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eTable 3. Compliance of colonoscopy for participants with positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) results in the FIT and the risk-adapted screening groups

GroupNumber of

positive FIT

Number of

ColonoscopyRate (%, 95% CI)*

Odds ratio

(95% CI)P*

(a) FIT group

Overall 1084 827 76.9 (74.2-79.3) - -

Sex

Women 522 409 74.4 (70.6-77.8) Ref. 　 Men 562 418 78.4 (74.6-81.7) 1.2 (0.9-1.6) 0.194

Age (years)

50-54 264 213 80.7 (75.5-85.0) Ref. 　 55-59 198 156 78.8 (72.6-83.9) 0.9 (0.6-1.5) 0.80

60-64 271 198 73.1 (67.5-78.0) 0.8 (0.5-1.2) 0.26

65-69 275 209 76.0 (70.6-80.7) 0.9 (0.6-1.4) 0.60

70-74 76 51 67.1 (55.9-76.6) 0.6 (0.3-1.1) 0.10

(b) Risk-adapted screening group

Overall 791 609 77.0 (73.9-79.8) - -

Sex

Women 226 179 76.1 (72.4-79.4) Ref. 　 Men 565 430 79.2 (73.4-84.0) 1.1 (0.7-1.6) 0.781

Age (years)

50-54 242 209 86.4 (81.5-90.1) Ref. 　 55-59 174 134 77.0 (70.2-82.6) 0.6 (0.3-0.9) 0.03

60-64 222 161 72.5 (66.3-78.0) 0.4 (0.3-0.7) <0.001

65-69 107 75 70.1 (60.8-77.9) 0.4 (0.2-0.8) 0.01

70-74 46 30 65.2 (50.8-77.3) 0.4 (0.2-0.8) 0.01

*The 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the Wilson’s method.

Abbreviations: 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; FIT, fecal immunochemical test.

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eTable 4. Diagnostic yield of the risk-adapted screening group, according to the intention-to-

screen analysis

Colorectal lesionOverall(N=6446) High-risk subjects (N=724)

Low-risk subjects

(N=5722)

Number Percent (%) Number Percent (%) Number Percent (%)

Colorectal cancer 13 0.17 4 0.27 9 0.14

Advanced adenoma 116 1.49 74 5.03 42 0.67

Non-advanced adenoma 257 3.31 165 11.21 92 1.47

Advanced neoplasia 129 1.66 78 5.30 51 0.81

Any neoplasm 386 4.96 243 16.51 143 2.28

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eTable 5. Diagnostic yield of colonoscopy, fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and risk-adapted screening, stratified by sex, age and the location of the colorectal lesion, according to the intention-to-screen analysis

Colorectal lesionColonoscopy

(N=1665)

FIT

(N=7129)

Risk-adapted

screening

(N=6446)

Colonoscopy

vs

FIT

Colonoscopy

vs

Risk-adapted screening

Risk-adapted screening

vs

FIT

Odds ratio

(95% CI)P

Odds ratio

(95% CI)P

Odds ratio

(95% CI)P

(a) Men&

Colorectal cancer 5(0.31) 5(0.15) 9(0.28) 2.02 (0.56-7.29) 0.268 1.10 (0.34-3.18) 0.869 1.88 (0.65-6.12) 0.260

Advanced adenoma 51(3.13) 57(1.71) 98(3.07) 1.81 (1.23-2.66) 0.003 1.00 (0.70-1.41) 0.991 1.80 (1.29-2.52) <0.001

Non-advanced adenoma 180(11.04) 105(3.15) 195(6.12) 3.83 (2.98-4.93) <0.001 1.93 (1.55-2.39) <0.001 1.99 (1.56-2.54) <0.001

Advanced neoplasm 56(3.43) 62(1.86) 107(3.36) 1.83 (1.26-2.65) 0.001 1.01 (0.72-1.40) 0.967 1.81 (1.32-2.50) <0.001

Any neoplasm 236(14.47) 167(5.01) 302(9.47) 3.25 (2.63-4.02) <0.001 1.64 (1.36-1.98) <0.001 1.98 (1.62-2.41) <0.001

(b) Women&

Colorectal cancer 4(0.18) 2(0.04) 4(0.09) 3.98 (0.77-28.78) 0.112 2.03 (0.48-8.58) 0.319 1.97 (0.39-14.25) 0.432

Advanced adenoma 34(1.49) 25(0.55) 18(0.39) 2.81 (1.67-4.77) <0.001 3.96 (2.26-7.19) <0.001 0.71 (0.38-1.30) 0.271

Non-advanced adenoma 132(5.78) 66(1.46) 62(1.35) 4.28 (3.18-5.81) <0.001 4.68 (3.45-6.41) <0.001 0.93 (0.65-1.31) 0.666

Advanced neoplasm 38(1.66) 27(0.6) 22(0.48) 2.90 (1.77-4.81) <0.001 3.62 (2.15-6.24) <0.001 0.80 (0.45-1.41) 0.451

Any neoplasm 170(7.44) 93(2.06) 84(1.83) 3.99 (3.08-5.19) <0.001 4.56 (3.49-6.00) <0.001 0.89 (0.66-1.20) 0.441

(c) 50-59 y#

Colorectal cancer 3(0.17) 1(0.03) 6(0.17) 5.97 (0.76-120.87) 0.122 1.00 (0.21-3.80) 0.999 6.12 (1.04-115.74) 0.094

Advanced adenoma 40(2.29) 28(0.81) 32(0.93) 3.07 (1.89-5.06) <0.001 3.65 (1.66-4.29) <0.001 1.17 (0.70-1.97) 0.549

Non-advanced adenoma 119(6.81) 66(1.91) 83(2.41) 3.94 (2.90-5.40) <0.001 3.16 (2.37-4.24) <0.001 1.30 (0.94-1.81) 0.12

Advanced neoplasm 43(2.46) 29(0.84) 38(1.1) 3.18 (1.98-5.18) <0.001 2.39 (1.53-3.74) <0.001 1.35 (0.83-2.21) 0.233

Any neoplasm 162(9.27) 95(2.75) 121(3.51) 3.90 (3.00-5.09) <0.001 3.07 (2.39-3.95) <0.001 1.32 (1.00-1.75) 0.047

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(d) 60-74 y#

Colorectal cancer 6(0.28) 6(0.14) 7(0.16) 2.04 (0.64-6.53) 0.219 1.67 (0.54-5.04) 0.358 1.18 (0.39-3.66) 0.769

Advanced adenoma 45(2.07) 54(1.23) 84(1.94) 1.67 (1.11-2.50) 0.012 1.03 (0.70-1.48) 0.888 1.60 (1.13-2.27) 0.008

Non-advanced adenoma 193(8.9) 105(2.39) 174(4.02) 4.03 (3.16-5.18) <0.001 2.35 (1.89-2.92) <0.001 1.73 (1.36-2.23) <0.001

Advanced neoplasm 51(2.35) 60(1.36) 91(2.1) 1.71 (1.17-2.50) 0.006 1.08 (0.75-1.53) 0.671 1.56 (1.12-2.18) 0.009

Any neoplasm 244(11.25) 165(3.75) 265(6.13) 3.32 (2.69-4.09) <0.001 1.97 (1.63-2.38) <0.001 1.71 (1.39-2.09) <0.001

(e) proximal$

Colorectal cancer 4(0.1) 2(0.03) 6(0.08) 4.07 (0.79-29.40) 0.106 1.34 (0.34-4.68) 0.654 3.11 (0.72-21.26) 0.165

Advanced adenoma 42(1.07) 36(0.46) 44(0.57) 2.35 (1.50-3.70) <0.001 1.90 (1.24-2.91) 0.003 1.24 (0.80-1.94) 0.337

Non-advanced adenoma 153(3.91) 82(1.04) 129(1.66) 3.91 (2.99-5.16) <0.001 2.44 (1.92-3.11) <0.001 1.62 (1.23-2.15) <0.001

Advanced neoplasm 46(1.17) 38(0.48) 50(0.64) 2.45 (1.59-3.79) <0.001 1.83 (1.22-2.75) 0.003 1.34 (0.88-2.06) 0.176

Any neoplasm 199(5.08) 120(1.53) 179(2.3) 3.52 (2.79-4.44) <0.001 2.32 (1.88-2.86) <0.001 1.54 (1.22-1.95) <0.001

(f) distal$

Colorectal cancer 5(0.13) 5(0.06) 7(0.09) 2.02 (0.56-7.29) 0.266 1.40 (0.41-4.40) 0.566 1.42 (0.45-4.80) 0.55

Advanced adenoma 52(1.33) 58(0.74) 83(1.07) 1.80 (1.23-2.63) 0.002 1.22 (0.85-1.73) 0.267 1.47 (1.05-2.07) 0.028

Non-advanced adenoma 207(5.29) 110(1.4) 164(2.11) 4.02 (3.18-5.11) <0.001 2.64 (2.14-3.27) <0.001 1.54 (1.20-1.97) <0.001

Advanced neoplasm 57(1.46) 63(0.8) 90(1.16) 1.82 (1.26-2.62) 0.001 1.24 (0.88-1.73) 0.218 1.46 (1.06-2.04) 0.022

Any neoplasm 264(6.74) 173(2.2) 254(3.27) 3.33 (2.73-4.07) <0.001 2.20 (1.84-2.64) <0.001 1.53 (1.25-1.86) <0.001

& The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculate using the logistic regression models, in which age and study center were additionally adjusted.

# The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculate using the logistic regression models, in which sex and study center were additionally adjusted.

$ The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculate using the logistic regression models, in which age, sex and study center were additionally adjusted.

Abbreviation: 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; FIT, fecal immunochemical test.

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eTable 6. Detection rate of the risk-adapted screening group, according to the as-screened

analysis

Colorectal lesionOverall(N=6446) High-risk subjects (N=724)

Low-risk subjects

(N=5722)

Number Percent (%) Number Percent (%) Number Percent (%)

Colorectal cancer 13 0.20 4 0.55 9 0.16

Advanced adenoma 116 1.80 74 10.22 42 0.73

Non-advanced adenoma 257 3.99 165 22.79 92 1.61

Advanced neoplasia 129 2.00 78 10.77 51 0.89

Any neoplasm 386 5.99 243 33.56 143 2.50

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eTable 7. Detection rate of colonoscopy, fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and risk-adapted screening, stratified by sex, age and the location of the colorectal lesion, according to the as-screened analysis

Colorectal lesionColonoscopy

(N=1665)

FIT

(N=7129)

Risk-adapted

screening

(N=6446)

Colonoscopy

vs

FIT

Colonoscopy

vs

Risk-adapted screening

Risk-adapted screening

vs

FIT

Odds ratio

(95% CI)P

Odds ratio

(95% CI)P

Odds ratio

(95% CI)P

(a) Men&

CRC 5(0.70) 5(0.17) 9(0.39) 3.95 (1.08-14.47) 0.033 1.67 (0.51-4.90) 0.366 2.47 (0.85-8.10) 0.107

Advanced adenoma 51(7.13) 57(1.88) 98(4.24) 3.49 (2.35-5.18) <0.001 1.48 (1.03-2.11) 0.033 2.35 (1.68-3.30) <0.001

Non-advanced adenoma 180(25.17) 105(3.47) 195(8.43) 9.05 (6.97-11.81) <0.001 3.37 (2.68-4.24) <0.001 2.69 (2.11-3.45) <0.001

Advanced neoplasm 56(7.83) 62(2.05) 107(4.63) 3.56 (2.43-5.20) <0.001 1.50 (1.06-2.11) 0.02 2.37 (1.72-3.28) <0.001

Any neoplasm 236(33.01) 167(5.52) 302(13.06) 8.10 (6.46-10.17) <0.001 3.04 (2.47-3.74) <0.001 2.72 (2.23-3.33) <0.001

(b) Women&

CRC 4(0.42) 2(0.05) 4(0.10) 7.73 (1.49-56.38) 0.019 3.91 (0.91-16.87) 0.057 1.99 (0.39-14.35) 0.428

Advanced adenoma 34(3.58) 25(0.61) 18(0.44) 5.38 (3.19-9.21) <0.001 7.47 (4.23-13.63) <0.001 0.72 (0.38-1.31) 0.281

Non-advanced adenoma 132(13.89) 66(1.61) 62(1.50) 10.19 (7.51-13.97) <0.001 10.71 (7.84-14.79) <0.001 0.93 (0.66-1.32) 0.693

Advanced neoplasm 38(4.00) 27(0.66) 22(0.53) 5.58 (3.38-9.33) <0.001 6.87 (4.06-11.92) <0.001 0.81 (0.46-1.42) 0.465

Any neoplasm 170(17.89) 93(2.27) 84(2.03) 9.40 (7.20-12.34) <0.001 10.47 (7.95-13.88) <0.001 0.90 (0.66-1.21) 0.468

(c) 50-59 y#

CRC 3(0.37) 1(0.03) 6(0.19) 9.83 (1.25-199.26) 0.048 1.81 (0.38-6.97) 0.408 6.35 (1.08-120.11) 0.087

Advanced adenoma 40(4.99) 28(0.88) 32(1.03) 5.50 (3.35-9.12) <0.001 4.67 (2.89-7.60) <0.001 1.21 (0.72-2.03) 0.474

Non-advanced adenoma 119(14.86) 66(2.07) 83(2.67) 8.34 (6.09-11.51) <0.001 6.48 (4.80-8.79) <0.001 1.34 (0.97-1.87) 0.078

Advanced neoplasm 43(5.37) 29(0.91) 38(1.22) 5.69 (3.52-9.34) <0.001 4.25 (2.70-6.70) <0.001 1.39 (0.85-2.29) 0.188

Any neoplasm 162(20.22) 95(2.97) 121(3.89) 8.35 (6.37-11.02) <0.001 6.53 (5.03-8.50) <0.001 1.37 (1.04-1.81) 0.026

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(d) 60-74 y#

CRC 6(0.69) 6(0.15) 7(0.21) 4.14 (1.28-13.4) 0.015 2.68 (0.85-8.23) 0.081 1.52 (0.50-4.74) 0.456

Advanced adenoma 45(5.21) 54(1.37) 84(2.52) 3.35 (2.21-5.05) <0.001 1.59 (1.08-2.31) 0.018 2.08 (1.47-2.97) <0.001

Non-advanced adenoma 193(22.34) 105(2.67) 174(5.22) 10.34 (8.00-13.43) <0.001 4.56 (3.62-5.74) <0.001 2.27 (1.77-2.93) <0.001

Advanced neoplasm 51(5.90) 60(1.52) 91(2.73) 3.47 (2.34-5.11) <0.001 1.68 (1.17-2.41) 0.005 2.03 (1.46-2.85) <0.001

Any neoplasm 244(28.24) 165(4.19) 265(7.94) 8.57 (7.01-10.95) <0.001 4.02 (3.27-4.95) <0.001 2.28 (1.86-2.81) <0.001

(e) proximal$

CRC 4(0.24) 2(0.03) 6(0.09) 8.54 (1.64-62.45) 0.014 2.35 (0.59-8.32) 0.191 3.40 (0.78-23.25) 0.135

Advanced adenoma 42(2.52) 36(0.50) 44(0.68) 4.55 (2.89-7.21) <0.001 3.00 (1.94-4.64) <0.001 1.56 (1.00-2.44) 0.052

Non-advanced adenoma 153(9.19) 82(1.15) 129(2.00) 4.76 (3.07-7.43) <0.001 4.36 (3.40-5.60) <0.001 1.97 (1.49-2.62) <0.001

Advanced neoplasm 46(2.76) 38(0.53) 50(0.78) 7.67 (6.06-9.76) <0.001 2.94 (1.94-4.44) <0.001 1.66 (1.08-2.55) 0.02

Any neoplasm 199(11.95) 120(1.68) 179(2.78) 4.19 (3.37-5.22) <0.001 4.19 (3.37-5.22) <0.001 1.89 (1.49-2.40) <0.001

(f) distal$

CRC 5(0.30) 5(0.07) 7(0.11) 3.80 (1.04-13.84) 0.037 2.12 (0.62-6.77) 0.207 1.85 (0.59-6.31) 0.296

Advanced adenoma 52(3.12) 58(0.81) 83(1.29) 3.31 (2.24-4.86) <0.001 1.92 (1.33-2.74) <0.001 1.77 (1.26-2.50) <0.001

Non-advanced adenoma 207(12.43) 110(1.54) 164(2.54) 9.02 (7.08-11.55) <0.001 4.85 (3.90-6.05) <0.001 1.84 (1.44-2.36) <0.001

Advanced neoplasm 57(3.42) 63(0.88) 90(1.40) 3.36 (2.32-4.87) <0.001 1.95 (1.37-2.74) <0.001 1.78 (1.28-2.48) <0.001

Any neoplasm 264(15.86) 173(2.43) 254(3.94) 7.44 (6.06-9.16) <0.001 4.13 (3.41-5.00) <0.001 1.86 (1.52-2.27) <0.001

& The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculate using the logistic regression models, in which age and study center were additionally adjusted.

# The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculate using the logistic regression models, in which sex and study center were additionally adjusted.

$ The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculate using the logistic regression models, in which age, sex and study center were additionally adjusted.

Abbreviation: 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; FIT, fecal immunochemical test.

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eTable 8. Quality indicators of colonoscopy performed in the colonoscopy, FIT and risk-adapted screening groups

Quality indicatorColonoscopy

(N=1665)

FIT

(N=826)

Risk-adapted

screening

(N=1333)

Excellent or good bowel cleansing – no. (%) 1429 (85.8) 698 (84.4) 1114 (83.6)

Cecum intubation rate – no. (%) 1553 (93.3) 783(94.7) 1246 (93.5)

Withdrawal time – minutes (median, 1st -3rd quantile) 15 (10-15) 15 (10-15) 15 (10-15)

Adenoma detection rate – no. (%) 406 (24.4) 260 (31.5%) 386 (29.0)

Abbreviation: FIT, fecal immunochemical test.

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