cell cycle - surendranath college...2020/04/30 · definition of cell cycle lodish and baltimore...
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CELL CYCLE
DR SUBHADRA ROY
SURENDRANATH COLLEGE
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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DEFINITION OF CELL CYCLE
Lodish and Baltimore
‘Ordered sequence of events in which a cell
duplicates its chromosomes and divides into
two.’
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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PHASES OF CELL CYCLE
❖ G1
❖ S
❖ G2
❖ M
❖ G0
Interphase
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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EMBRYONIC CELL CYCLE
CELL CYCLE OF NERVE CELL OR FIBROBLAST
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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G1 PHASE
Lies between M and S phase.
Cell size increases.
Synthesis and storing cytoplasm and cellular
organelles.
Chromatin network found.
DNA content diploid.
PHASES OF CELL CYCLEIN BRIEF
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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S PHASE
Lies between G1 and G2 phases.
DNA and histone synthesis occurs.
Chromosome duplication occurs.
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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G2 PHASE
Lies between S and M phases.
Shortest phase of interphase.
Growth and intense cellular synthesis occurs.
Synthesis of rRNA, mRNA and nucleolar RNA
occurs.
Nuclear volume increases.
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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M PHASE
Dividing phase.
Separation and distribution of chromatids to daughter cells.
RNA and protein synthesis declines.
Karyokinesis is followed by cytokinesis.
Consists of
▪ Prophase
▪ Metaphase
▪ Anaphase
▪ Telophase
▪
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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G0 PHASE
Known as Quiescent Phase.
metabolically active and have reduced rates of
protein synthesis.
can be induced to divide again by proper
stimulation
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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CELL CYCLE REGULATION-CHECKPOINTS
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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G1 CHECKPOINT
Known as START in budding yeast.
Dependent on
▪ Cell size
▪ Nutrients availability
▪ Mating factors
Known as Restriction point in higher animals.
▪ Growth factors
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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G2 CHECKPOINT
Passage through this is regulated by
▪ Unreplicated DNA
▪ Damaged DNA
In fission yeast, controlled by cell size and
availability of nutrients.
In vertebrate oocytes, controlled by hormonal
stimulation.
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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M CHECKPOINT
Occurs between metaphase and anaphase
Controlled by
▪ Proper chromosome alignment
▪ Attachment of spindle fibers to chromatids
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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Dr. Subhadra Roy
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MOLECULAR REGULATION OF CELL CYCLE
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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DIFFERENT CYCLINS & CDKS
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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MATURATION PROMOTING FACTOR (MPF)
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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FUNCTIONS OF MPF
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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SITES OF PHOSPHORYLATION OF MPF
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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REGULATION OF MPF
Dr. Subhadra Roy
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Dr. Subhadra Roy