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Cell Division – a review

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Page 1: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Cell Division – a review

Page 2: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint?

M = mitosis (nuclear division)C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division)G = gap (cell growth)S = synthesis (DNA replicated, cell growth)

Page 3: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

When to Divide?

Page 4: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Growth Inhibition

Page 5: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Control Problems - Cancer

Page 6: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Supercoiling (DNA coils forming a chromatid)

Page 7: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Human Chromosomes (unreplicated)

Page 8: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Human Chromosomes (replicated and supercoiled)

Page 9: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Chromosome (replicated)

Page 10: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Chromosome

Each DNA molecule coils to form a single chromatid. The two chromatids of a replicated chromosome are genetically identical.

Page 11: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

The Cell Cycle (Overview)

Page 12: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Mitosis - Stages

Page 13: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G
Page 14: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Prophase and Metaphase

Page 15: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Anaphase and Telophase

Page 16: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G
Page 17: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Cytokinesis (animal and plant)

Page 18: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

MEIOSISthe other type of nuclear division

Page 19: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Gametes…why haploid?

Page 20: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Oogenesis

Page 21: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Spermatogenesis

Page 22: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Meiosis

Page 23: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Meiosis Overview

Page 24: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Meiosis (Part I)

Page 25: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Meiosis (Part II)

Page 26: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Independent Assortment of Chromosomes

Page 27: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Independent Assortmentanother view

Page 28: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

What happens when

chromosomes do not separate

properly during meiosis?

Nondisjunction

Page 29: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Down’s Syndrometrisomy 23

Page 30: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Crossing Over Leads to Genetic Variability

Page 31: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Compare Mitosis and Meiosis

Page 32: Cell Division – a review. Cell Cycle Control: What happens at each checkpoint? M = mitosis (nuclear division) C = cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division) G

Mitosis vs. Meiosis


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