cell is basic unit of living things living things are different from nonliving things: they have...
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CELL IS BASIC UNIT OF LIVING THINGS
• Living Things are different from nonliving things: they have CHARACTERISTICS & NEEDS
• All living things are made of Cells• Microscope led to discovery of Cells• Cells come from other Cells• CELL THEORY is important to study of
BIOLOGY
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CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS
• Living things have these characteristics:– Organization
( body must be organized to help it meet its needs)
– Ability to develop & grow
– Ability to respond to the environment
– Ability to reproduce
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NEEDS OF LIVING THINGS• Organisms need energy, material & living space. • All organisms need a steady supply of ENERGY to
stay alive.– Most all forms of life use energy originally from the Sun.
Some, like plants & bacteria, can capture the Sun’s energy to store it in food. The food animals eat comes from plants or other organisms (that eat plants)
• MATERIALS: Some comes from food for growth & reproduction. Some from Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide & Water.
• LIVING SPACE: Need space to live & grow.• If any one of these requirements is missing, an
organism will die.
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ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE OF CELLS
• Cell is smallest unit of living thing.
• One celled organisms are UNICELLULAR.
• If made of many cells: MULTICELLULAR
• Needs & characteristics of single celled organisms are the same as for multicellular.
• In multicellular, many different types of cells work together to carry out basic activities of life.
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MICROSCOPE LED TO DISCOVERY OF CELLS
• Microscope = instrument which makes an object appear bigger than it is.
• In 1660’s, Robert Hooke used a microscope to look at many materials. While looking at dead cork cells (from oak bark) he saw tiny, empty chambers or “cells”. He came up with the term CELL.
• In 1670’s ANTON van LEEUWENHOEK looked at actual living cells in blood, teeth scrapings and rainwater.
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Cells Come From Other Cells• By 1850’s, scientists saw
cells actually dividing.
• Observations and evidence gathered over many years by scientists became summarized in 3 concepts of CELL THEORY:
• Every living thing is made of 1 or more cells.
• Cells carry out the functions needed to support life.
• Cells come only form other living Cells
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CELL THEORY IS IMPORTANT TO STUDY OF
BIOLGOY• French Scientist,
Louis Pasteur showed how microscopic organisms caused food spoilage & disease.
• Found way to heat milk to kill bacteria, that he knew spoiled milk.
• Using a microscope, Pasteur found microorganisms everywhere (air, water, & soil)
• Pasteur did an experiment (with boiling broth) showing bacteria are present in air & don’t grow spontaneously.
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