Cell Organelles Cell Organelles

Types of Cells Types of Cells

Types of Cells Types of Cells ProkaryoticProkaryotic

Prokaryotes are very Prokaryotes are very simple cellssimple cells

Probably first to Probably first to inhabit the earth. inhabit the earth.

Prokaryotic cells do Prokaryotic cells do not contain a not contain a membrane bound membrane bound nucleus. nucleus.

Bacteria are Bacteria are prokaryotes. prokaryotes. DNA of bacteria is DNA of bacteria is circular. circular.

EukaryoticEukaryotic Eukaryotic cells are Eukaryotic cells are

more advanced cells.more advanced cells. These cells are found These cells are found

in plants, animals, in plants, animals, and protists (small and protists (small unicellular unicellular "animalcules")."animalcules").

Types of CellsTypes of CellsProkaryoticProkaryotic The word "prokaryote" means The word "prokaryote" means

"before the nucleus" "before the nucleus" Flagella - used for movementFlagella - used for movement Pilus - small hairlike Pilus - small hairlike

structures used for attaching structures used for attaching to other cellsto other cells

Capsule - tough outer layer Capsule - tough outer layer that protects bacteria, often that protects bacteria, often associated with harmful associated with harmful bacteria bacteria

Eukaryotic Eukaryotic cell membrane - outer cell membrane - outer

boundary of the cellboundary of the cell cytoplasm - jelly-like fluid cytoplasm - jelly-like fluid

interior of the cellinterior of the cell nucleusnucleus - the "control center" - the "control center"

of the cell, contains the cell's of the cell, contains the cell's DNA (chromosomes) DNA (chromosomes)

organelles - "little organs" that organelles - "little organs" that carry out cell functionscarry out cell functions

MitochondriaMitochondria Energy center or Energy center or

"powerhouse" of the "powerhouse" of the cell. cell.

Turns food into Turns food into useable energy useable energy (ATP) (ATP)

Nucleus Nucleus the "control center" of the "control center" of

the cell, contains the the cell, contains the cell's DNA cell's DNA (chromosomes) (chromosomes)

Golgi Apparatus Golgi Apparatus Processes, packages Processes, packages

and secretes and secretes proteins. Like a proteins. Like a factory. factory.

    

 

RibosomeRibosome Make protein Make protein

Endoplasmic Reticulum Endoplasmic Reticulum SmoothSmooth

No ribosomesNo ribosomes Transport, Transport,

"intracellular "intracellular highway". highway".

RoughRough Has RibsomesHas Ribsomes Ribosomes are Ribosomes are

positioned along the positioned along the rough ER, rough ER,

Vacuole Vacuole Stores water or other Stores water or other

substances, plant substances, plant cells contain a large cells contain a large central vacuole. central vacuole.

Plasma MembranePlasma Membrane outer boundary of the cell, some stuff can outer boundary of the cell, some stuff can

cross the cell membrane. Composed of cross the cell membrane. Composed of phospholipids and proteins phospholipids and proteins

ChloroplastChloroplast Uses sunlight to Uses sunlight to

create food, create food, photosynthesis (only photosynthesis (only found in plant cells) found in plant cells)

Cell WallCell Wall Provides additional Provides additional

support (plant and support (plant and bacteria cells) bacteria cells)

Microtubules Microtubules Part of the Part of the

cytoskeleton, cytoskeleton, function in support function in support