cell signaling. local signaling paracrine paracrine synaptic synaptic

Cell Signaling

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Cell Signaling

Local Signaling

Paracrine Synaptic

Long-distance Signaling

Endocrine

Hormones

Page 4: Cell Signaling. Local Signaling Paracrine Paracrine Synaptic Synaptic

Stages of Cell Signaling

Page 5: Cell Signaling. Local Signaling Paracrine Paracrine Synaptic Synaptic

Stages of Cell Signaling Reception

Ligand (signaling molecule) binds to receptor protein RP shape change stimulates transduction pathway

Page 6: Cell Signaling. Local Signaling Paracrine Paracrine Synaptic Synaptic

Stages of CellSignaling

Intracellular reception Nonpolar signals bind to

receptors in cytosol or nucleus

Page 7: Cell Signaling. Local Signaling Paracrine Paracrine Synaptic Synaptic

Stages of Cell Signaling

Transduction Various molecules relay signal to response location

Page 8: Cell Signaling. Local Signaling Paracrine Paracrine Synaptic Synaptic

Inactivekinase 1 Phosphorylation cascade

Inactivekinase 2

Activekinase 1

Activekinase 2

Activeenzyme

Inactiveenzyme

Cellularresponse

ADP

Activated relay molecule

Stages of Cell Signaling

PhosphorylationKinase activates molecule by adding a phosphate group

Page 9: Cell Signaling. Local Signaling Paracrine Paracrine Synaptic Synaptic

Inactivekinase 1 Phosphorylation cascade

Inactivekinase 2

Activekinase 1

Activekinase 2

Activeenzyme

Inactiveenzyme

Cellularresponse

ADP

Activated relay molecule

Stages of Cell Signaling

DephosphorylationPhosphatase deactivates molecule by removing a phosphate group

Page 10: Cell Signaling. Local Signaling Paracrine Paracrine Synaptic Synaptic

Stages of Cell Signaling

Response

Page 11: Cell Signaling. Local Signaling Paracrine Paracrine Synaptic Synaptic

Stages ofCell Signaling

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cell signaling. local signaling paracrine paracrine synaptic synaptic

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