cell structure & function
DESCRIPTION
Cell Structure & Function. http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html. Definition of Cell. A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions. Examples of Cells. Amoeba. Plant Cell. Red Blood Cell. Nerve Cell. Organelles. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Cell Structure & Function
http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html
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Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life
functions.
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Examples of Cells
Amoeba
Plant Cell
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
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Organelles
• Organelles are the parts of the cell that perform different functions.
• There are 11 main organelles (9 for animal cells)
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“Typical” Animal Cell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif
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http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif
“Typical” Plant Cell
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Cell Parts
Organelles
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Surrounding the Cell
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Cell Wall• Gives shape and support
to cell• Plants and protists, like
algae, have cell walls• Fungi, like yeasts and
mushrooms, also have cell walls
• Bacteria and Archae also have cell walls, but they are different from plant and fungi
• Animal cells DO NOT have cell walls
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Cell Membrane
• “Gatekeeper” of the cell that controls what can come in or out of the cell
• Semi-permeable
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Inside the Cell
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Nucleus • Controls the cell’s
activities
• It’s like the “boss” or the “brains” of the cell
• DNA is found inside the nucleus
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Nuclear Membrane
• The “gatekeeper” of the nucleus
• Protects the outside of the nucleus
• Controls what can go in or out of the nucleus
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Chromosomes
• Long pieces of DNA inside the nucleus
• Come in pairs-one from your mom and one from your dad
• Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, 46 total chromosomes
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Cytoplasm
• Soupy, Jell-O like substance that holds all organelles inside the cell in place
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Ribosomes
• Each cell contains thousands
• Make proteins for the cell
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Mitochondria
• Makes energy (ATP) by breaking down fats and carbohydrates
• Controls level of water and other materials in cell
• If your mitochondria wasn’t working properly, you wouldn’t be making enough energy and may feel very tired!!
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Lysosomes
• Digest proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
• Clean up cell’s waste by sending them to the cell membrane for disposal
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Vacuoles• Storage centers for
both plant and animal cells
• Much larger in plant cells because of the storage of water
• Gives plant cells shape (along with cell wall)
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Chloroplast
• ONLY found in plant cells
• Contains chlorophyll, which is where plants get their green pigment
• Where photosynthesis takes place
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Match That Part!• Cell Membrane• Cell Wall• Chloroplasts• Mitochondria• Ribosomes• Lysosomes• Vacuole• Chromosomes• Nucleus• Nuclear Membrane• Cytoplasm
• Controls what goes in/out of nucleus
• Controls cell activities• Creates proteins for cell• Contains/long pieces of DNA• Gives the cell shape and
support• Controls what goes in/out of
cell• Contains chlorophyll for
photosynthesis• Storage of food and water• Gobbles up the waste• Jell-O like substance that
holds parts in place• Produces energy for the cell
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How to Write an Analogy
• An analogy is a comparison between two seemingly unlike things, using the words like or as and giving an explanation.
• For example:-The nucleus is to a cell as Mrs. Opferman is to Webb Bridge Middle School
• Now you practice will cell parts!– The nucleus is to a cell as _______is to a
________________.
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Animal
Both
Plant