cell structure & organelle function
DESCRIPTION
Cell Structure & Organelle Function. What is the Cell Theory?. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in the human body. It can be specialized to do many things. Main job is to make proteins . Cell Structure. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Cell Structure
&Organelle Function
What is the Cell Theory?
• The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in the human body.
• It can be specialized to do many things.• Main job is to make proteins.
Cell Structure• Consists of a mass of cytoplasm (jell like
insides), within a cell membrane.
• Inside the cytoplasm are the organelles.
Cell Structure• Nucleus: (The brain, control center)–Surrounded by a double layer
membrane.–Contains the DNA, called Chromatin.• Controls cell activities.
Cell nucleusNuclear membrane
chromatin
nucleolus
Cell Structure• Nucleolus: (Ribosome factory)
– Found inside the nucleus.–Makes ribosomes.
Cell Structure• Ribosomes:
– Protein factory. Makes proteins by taking amino acids and connecting them into chains.
ribosome
ER
Cell Structure• Endoplasmic Reticulum: (assembly line)
– A network of passageways made from membranes that transports proteins around the cell.
– Rough ER has ribosomes.– Smooth ER has NO ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Cell Structure• Golgi Complex : (UPS of the cell)
– A series of saclike membranes where proteins are packaged, stored, and shipped off to their destinations.
Cell Structure•Mitochondria : (power plant of
the cell)– Organelle covered by a double membrane, where
cellular respiration takes place. Burn sugar (glucose) to make energy (ATP)
Cell Structure•Chloroplasts (solar panels) : (plant
cells only: Solar Power)– Double membrane sacs that contain
Chlorophyll. – It can take light energy and convert it into
sugar (glucose) by Photosynthesis.
Cell Structure• Lysosomes (recycle bin):– Vesicles(Sacs) filled with digestive enzymes and
acid. They break down and recycle old organelles in the cell.
• Peroxisomes (Germ-X):– Vesicles (Sacs) filled with enzymes that break
down toxins in the cell.
Cell Structure•Cytoskeleton : (skeleton of the cell)– A net-like framework that gives the cell its shape.– Composed of threadlike proteins called
microfilaments, microtubules.
Cell Structure• Vacuoles:• Stores water and dissolved mineral cells. In
plants there is one large central vacuole.
Cell Structure• Cell Wall:– Found only in PLANTS. (found also in
prokaryotes/bacteria)– Rigid layer of cellulose outside the membrane
that supports plant cells. cell membrane cell wall
Cell Structure• Cell Membrane: (fence around the cell)– Semipermeable barrier that controls what enters
and leaves the cell