cell theory 1. all living things are made of cells. 2. cells are produced from other cells. 3. cells...
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Cell Theory1. All living things are made of cells.
2. Cells are produced from other cells.
3. Cells are the basic units of structure and function for all living organisms.
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2 Types of CellsProkaryotic Cells – Bacteria – have no enclosed nucleus
Eukaryotic Cells – All plants, animals, fungi, & protista. These are more advanced cells that have an enclosed nucleus.
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Prokaryotic CellsThe most primitive cells do not have an enclosed nucleus.
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Eukaryotic Cells viewed with a microscope
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Nucleus
The Brain of the cell. Controls all of the functions
of a cell. Determinesthe type of cell.
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CytoplasmThe jelly like substance that fills the cell.
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Cell MembraneThin, flexible barrier around the cell. Determines what enters and leaves the cell.
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MitochondriaBreaks down your food to produce energy. The energy powerhouse of the cell.
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MitochondriaMitochondria have their own DNA. Billions of years ago, they were probably free living bacteria that entered a cell and set up a mutualistic relationship.
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RibosomesMakes proteins. Often found on rough E.R.
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Endoplasmic Reticulum E.R.Membrane system used for transport within a
cell. Rough E.R. contains ribosomes. Smooth E.R. does not contain ribosomes.
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LysosomesContain enzymes to break down
wastes.
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GolgiBodiesStack of membranes that attach
carbohydrates and lipids to proteins. Assemble molecules needed by cell.
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Plant cells also contain:Cell Walls Chloroplasts Large Vacuoles
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Plant Cells: Cell WallCell Wall surrounds cell and protects it. Makes a plant cell rigid.
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ChloroplastsUsed in photosynthesis to make food for the plant. Makes plant green.
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VacuolesStores water. Plants have much bigger vacuoles than animal cells do.
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Test yourself: Animal Cell
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Test yourself – Plant cell