Cells –Organ systems/levels

of organisation

Lesson 8

LO-

Level 4 – To be able to describe what is meant by an organ system and to name most important human organ systems.

Level 5 – to be able to organise organs into their organ systems and explain their

functions.

Level 6 – to be able to organise organs into their organ systems and explain their

functions.

2 Here is a drawing of a nerve cell.

 

a Write in the words cell surface membrane,

cytoplasm and nucleus on the correct lines.

 

  

b How is its shape adapted to carry messages around the body?

 

______________________________________________________________________

 

______________________________________________________________________

 

3 Here is a drawing of a ciliated epithelial cell. How is it adapted to remove dirt from people’s lungs?

______________________________________________

  _______________________________________________

______________________________________________

  _______________________________________________

Special plant cells 1 Fill in the missing words in the sentences below. Use the words in the box.

hair root tissue xylem Plants have some special cells.

a Some cells help to carry water around the plant. These are called ______________ cells.

 b Some plant cells help to take water out of the

ground. These are called

 ______________ ______________ cells.

 c A group of the same type of cells, all working

together, is called a ______________ .

2 Here is a palisade cell. It helps the plant to make food. Which part of the cell does this? Circle the correct letter.

3 Here is a xylem cell. Which feature of the cell helps it do its job?

____________________ .

4 Here is a root hair cell.

a Which part of the cell helps it do its job? Circle the correct letter.

b On this drawing, what are the names of the parts labelled A, B and C?

 i A is the __________________________________________ .

 ii B is the __________________________________________ .

 iii C is the __________________________________________ .

 

Keywords

TissuesOrgansRespiratory systemNervous systemReproductive systemDigestive systemCirculatory system

Clip Clip 2

What is a system?

Which body system?

An organ system is a group of organs that coordinate to perform related functions

Levels of organisation

nerve cell nervous tissue

brain nervoussystem

Homo sapiens

smallest largest

cell tissue organ organsystems

organism

Organ system Organs Function

Respiratory system Lungs, windpipe, diaphragm, ribcage

To take oxygen into the body and get rid of carbon dioxide.

Digestive systemGullet, stomach, intestines, liver,

rectum

Breaks down food and absorbs food into

the body.

Circulatory system Heart, arteries, veins,

capillaries

Transport system of the body, carries oxygen and food around the body.

Nervous system Brain, spinal cord, nerves

Controls the body and carries messages around the body.

Excretory system Kidneys, bladderCleans the blood and

gets rid of waste products (urine).

Reproductive system

Male – testes, penis

Female – ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina

Reproduction.

Organ systems  1 Fill in the correct word in each of the sentences. Use the words in the box.

 circulatory digestive leaves nervous photosynthesis roots stem

system 

a A group of organs working together is called an organ ____________________ .

 b Plants take water in through their ____________________. The water travels up the

 ____________________. Some of the water is used to make food using

 ____________________. A lot of the water is lost by the ____________________ .

 

c Food is digested in the ____________________ system.

 d The heart is part of the ____________________ system.

 e The brain is part of the ____________________ system.

 

2 On the diagram below, label the parts of the breathing system.

 

Organ systems 1 The diagrams show the main organs in the different organ systems that are important

when you exercise. Label the organs on the diagrams.

 

2 Complete the table below to list the main organs in each system and the function (job) of the system.

System Main organs Function

respiratory (or breathing)    

digestive    

circulatory    

skeletal    

3 There are seven organ systems altogether. Name one other system apart from the ones mentioned above.

 _______________________________________________________________________

Word Meaning

tissue A group of the same cells all doing the same job.

organ A large part of a plant or animal that does a very important job.

heart Organ that pumps blood.

brain Organ that controls what the body does.

intestine

The small intestine is an organ used to digest and absorb food.

The large intestine is an organ which removes water from unwanted food.

kidneys Organs used to clean the blood and make urine.

stomach Organ used to store and break up food.

liver Organ used to make and destroy substances in our bodies.

lungsOrgans used to take oxygen out of the air and put waste carbon dioxide into the air.

skin Organ used for protection and feeling.

leaf Plant organ used to make food using photosynthesis.

root Plant organ used to take water out of the soil.

stemPlant organ used to take water to the leaves and to support the

leaves.

Now you should be able to:

Identify and describe the structure of plant cells and animal cells, and describe the functions of their parts.

Describe the difference between animal cells and plant cells.

Explain the structure and function of specialised cells: red blood cell, muscle cells, ciliated cells, xylem vessels and root hair cells.

Define the terms tissue, organ and organ systems, with examples.