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Cells SOL Review

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Page 1: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Cells

SOL Review

Page 2: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Cell Basics

• There are two types of cells:– Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and

membrane-bound organelles• Example: Bacterial cell

– Eukaryotic: Cells that have a nucleus and have membrane-bound organelles.

• Example: Plant and Animal cells

Page 3: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Prokaryotic Cells

• Are smaller and much more simple than eukaryotic cells

• DNA is a circular plasmid, not surrounded by a nucleus.

Page 4: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Eukaryotic Cells

• All eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, as well as other membrane-bound organelles

• Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals all have eukaryotic cells.

Page 5: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Plant Cell vs Animal Cell

Plant Cell-Contain chloroplasts, and cell walls, unlike animal cells

Animal Cell

Page 6: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles

• Organelles each have a specific function that enables the cell to survive

• They work together, much like organs in the body

Page 7: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

The Nucleus

• Found: Plant and Animal Cells

• Function: Contains the DNA (genetic material) and directs the activities of the cell

• Comparison: Acts like a brain for the cell

Page 8: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Ribosome

• Found: Plant, Animal, and Bacterial cells

• Function: Protein factory - makes proteins for the cell

• Comparison: Acts like a factory in a town, making necessary materials

Page 9: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

• Found: Plant and Animal Cells

• Function: Acts as a transport system or roadway that allows particles to move throughout the cell

• Comparison: Acts like an interstate

Page 10: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Golgi Body/Complex

• Found: Plant and Animal Cells

• Function: Packages proteins and materials for transport out of the cell

• Comparison: Acts like UPS, putting packages in vesicles for transport

Page 11: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Mitochondria

• Found: Plant and Animal Cells

• Function: Makes energy (ATP) for the cell

• Comparison: Like the power plant for the cell

Page 12: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Chloroplasts

• Found: Plant Cells

• Function: Makes food, or sugar (glucose), for the cell

• Comparison: Chef of the cell

Page 13: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Vacuole

• Found: Plant and Animal Cells

• Function: Stores food, water, and other materials for the cell– Note: Vacuoles are especially large in plants for

storing water…full vacuoles ensure your salad is crispy

• Comparison: Storage sheds

Page 14: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Lysosomes

• Found: Animal Cells

• Function: Break down old materials for reuse

• Comparison: Recycling Factory

Page 15: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Cell Membrane

• Found: ALL Cells

• Function: Controls what comes in and out of the cell

• Comparison: City Gate

Page 16: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Cell Wall

• Found: Plant cells and Bacterial Cells

• Function: Protects the cell and gives it support

• Comparison: City Wall

Page 17: Cells SOL Review. Cell Basics There are two types of cells: –Prokaryotic: Cells that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Example: Bacterial cell

Cytoplasm

• Found: ALL Cells

• Function: Where the chemical reactions of the cell occur– Also where the other organelles float


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