cellular respiration
TRANSCRIPT
Review Game
I hope you studied!
Mitochondria
–WHERE
MOST ENERGY
IS PRODUCED
IN CELLULAR RESPIRATION
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Mitochondrial disease
• Results from failure of the mitochondria• Mitochondria are responsible for 90% of
the energy needed by the body to sustain life
• Cell fails - tissue fail - organ fail - death • SYMPTOMS: motor control, muscle weakness and pain, gastro-
intestinal disorders and swallowing difficulties, poor growth, cardiac disease, liver disease, diabetes, respiratory complications, seizures, visual/hearing problems, lactic acidosis, developmental delays and susceptibility to infection
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration vs Photosynthesis
The energy from the mitochondria is produced in a processes called:
Yeast Lab
• Yeast are small organisms that use sugar to make energy.
• Follow the procedure in your notes. Make sure you make observations about what is going on.
• Later in class you will be able to make a inference about where the air in the balloon is coming from
Cellular respiration
• What is it? – Cellular Respiration – process that produces
energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.
– MAIN POINT:• GLUCOSE (an organic molecule) ATP (a form of
energy the body can use)
Who performs Cellular Respiration?
• EVERY LIVING THING!!– Animals, plants, fungi…anything that is living.– Every living thing needs to convert sugars into energy
so they all perform RESPIRATION.
PLANTS & ANIMALS PERFORM CELLULAR RESPIRATION
PLANTS & ANIMALS PERFORM CELLULAR RESPIRATION
PLANTS & ANIMALS PERFORM CELLULAR RESPIRATION
Location, location, location
• Cellular Respiration occurs mainly in the mitochondria of cells & in the cytoplasm.
• Why do you think the mitochondria have so many folds?
The break down
• cellular respiration is broken down into 3 parts.– Glycolysis - Cytoplasm– Krebs Cycle -
Mitochondria– Electron Transport Chain
– Mitochondria
• Each of the steps of cellular respiration produces a different amount of ATP.
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Step 1 Glycolysis
• Glycolysis – process in which one molecule of glucose is broken in half– Produces:
• 2molecules of pyruvic acid
• 2 Molecules of ATP
• Glyco= Made of Sugar• Lysis= To cut
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Name depends on Oxygen
• If Oxygen is present (aerobic) – Cellular respiration
• If Oxygen is absent (which is?) – Fermentation
Step Two: If oxygen is present
• Krebs Cycle– Pyruvic acid
CO2
• Location- Inside the mitochondria
• 6 Molecules of ATP are produced.– CO2 is waste
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If Oxygen is present step 3
• The Electron Transport Chain – uses high energy
electrons to convert many ADP to ATP.
• Waste: H2O• Most ATP is
produced!!!!
–36 ATP
Step Location ATP Produced Products
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
ETC
Cytoplasm
MitochondriaMatrix
Mitochondria inner membrane
2 (Net)
6
28
2 Pyrivic Acid
6 CO2
6 H2O
Overview of the steps/ATP Production and Waste
If no oxygen is present
FERMENTATION
Fermentation
• Fermentation – process by which cells release energy (ATP) from food molecules in the absence of oxygen.– Anaerobic – “not in air”; no oxygen.– Does NOT need mitochondria either– Glycolysis still has to happen first! (just like in
cellular respiration. )
• 2 types of fermentation:Alcoholic and Lactic Acid FermentationGlycose Lactic Acid
Alcoholic Fermentation
• Yeast and a few other microorganisms use alcoholic fermentation.
• Forms alcohol and CO2 as wastes.
• Sore?• Your muscles run out of
oxygen so cells begin rapidly producing ATP by lactic acid fermentation.
• The build up of acid causes a burning sensation.
• You breath heavily after exercise to repay the oxygen dept.
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration are OPPOSITES of
each other
• Plants take in CO2 and give off O2 and Animals take in O2 and give off CO2.
The Relationship of Cellular Respiration and
Photosynthesis
• Plants (autotrophs) use BOTH processes
• Animals (heterotrophs) only use ONE process; cellular respiration.
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration are OPPOSITES of each
other
• The products of photosynthesis are the reactants for cellular respiration and the products of cellular respiration are the reactants for photosynthesis