cellular respiration final
TRANSCRIPT
8/3/2019 Cellular Respiration Final
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CellularRespiration
HarvestingChemicalEnergy
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• Organic compounds store energy in
their chemical bonds• Fats, carbs (CH2O), & proteins can all
be used as fuel .
– Traditionally, cellular respiration is studiedusing glucose as the source.
• There are 2 energy-providing (catabolic)
pathways – Cellular Respiration
– Fermentation (no oxygen is used)
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Cells Recycle ATP
(Breaking down food)
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Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Look familiar?
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Aerobic respiration
Step Where Action
Glycolysis Cytoplasm Glucose intopyruvate
Transitionreaction
Mitochondrialboundary
Pyruvate into AcetylCoA and CO2
Krebs cycle Mitochondrial
matrix
Acetyl CoA into
CO2 and electroncarriers
ElectronTransport
Chain
Inner membrane ofmitochondria
Electrons passed toO2 to make H2O
and ATP
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Glycolysis
Splits a glucosemolecule into2 3-Carbonmolecules calledPYRUVATE.
products: ATP, NADH and pyruvate
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Preparation for the Krebs Cycle
The pyruvate loosesa carbon leaving the
2-carbon moleculeAcetyl CoA
CC
CO2
products: CO2, Acetyl CoA and NADH
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The Krebs Cycle
Products:
CO2, ATP, NADH, FADH2
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Electron Transport
The mitochondria hastwo membranes: theouter and the inner,
which is convoluted.
H+ (protons)accumulatebetween these two
membranes.
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The matrix is a protein rich solution that contains the
enzymes that run electron transport.
ATP SYNTHASE = enzyme responsible for making ATP.
Mitochondria
outer membrane
inner membrane( ATP synthase)
matrix
H+
H+
H+
H+H+H+
H
+
H+NAD
H+
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• e-
are passed back and forth across themembrane.• Their energy is gradually decreased andused to actively transport H+ through themembrane.
• Oxygen is the final electron acceptor
•It joins with the H+ to produce H2O.
If there is no oxygen, the electron chain cannot
continue. There is no way to release electrons.
electrons
Electron Transport Chain
Needs: O2 Products: ATP & H2O
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Products of the Electron Transport Chain
34 ATP
Water
+
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What is produced from one glucose molecule?
Each NADH 3 ATP Each FADH2 2 ATP
Step Makes ATP created
Glycolysis 2 NADH 6
Transition reaction 2 NADH 6
Krebs cycle 6 NADH
2 FADH2
18
4
Electron Transport Chain subtotal 34
ATP created directly
(2 during glycolysis and 2 in Krebs cycle)
4
TOTAL ATP CREATED 38
In the Electron Transport Chain……
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1. Glycolysis
Where:
Uses:
Produces:
2. Transition reaction Where:
Uses:
Produces:
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3. Krebs Cycle
Where:
Uses:
Produces:
4. Electron Transport Chain Where:
Uses:
Produces:
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What happens when there is no oxygen
to accept the electrons?Only glycolysis is carried out.
In humans Lactic acid is produced. The cells
cannot tolerate much lactic acid.
Build up of lactic acidresults in “burning”
sensation
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Alcoholic Fermentation
•Some organisms carry out alcoholic fermentation. This
was discovered by Louis Pasteur in his study of wines.
•Yeasts break down the sugars in the juice to pyruvate
by glycolysis.•Then the pyruvate is dismantled to yield
CO2 and ETHANOL (booze).
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Some organisms do this
Others do this
Alcohol fermentation
Lactic acid fermentation
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Anaerobic vs. Aerobic respiration
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Cellular Respiration song