cellular respiration. process by which cells release energy from molecules of food. carbohydrates,...
TRANSCRIPT
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Cellular Respiration
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Cellular Respiration
Process by which cells release energy from molecules of food.
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins all contain energy
This energy is released gradually in a series of reactions controlled by enzymes.
Release energy is stored as ATP for later use.
ATP is the currency of the cell.
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The Chemical Equation
C6H12O6 + 6 02 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38 ATP Glucose + Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide + Water + Stored Energy 2 ATP are used to make this process take place Net Gain = 36 ATP for 1 molecule of Glucose
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4 Main Steps in Respiration
Glycolysis Intermediate
Reaction Krebs Citric Acid
Cycle Electron Transport
System
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Glycolysis
2 ATP are used to start the process
Glucose is split into 2 3-carbon pyruvic acid molecules
Some Hydrogen is released
4 ATP are made, a net gain of 2 ATP
It occurs in virtually all cells.
In eukaryotes, it occurs in the cytosol.
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http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/glycolysis.html
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Intermediate Reaction
Takes place in the mitochondria (powerhouse of the cell)
Breakdown of the 2 3-carbon pyruvic acid molecules
2 carbon fragments, acetic acid are formed and
2 CO2 and more hydrogen are released Acetic Acid is carried by Acetyl CoA to
Kreb Cycle
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Krebs Citric Acid Cycle
Breakdown Continues
Four more CO2 are released
Many more Hydrogen are released and picked up by NAD+ to form NADH
Two more ATP are made
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http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/krebs.html
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Electron Transport System
Hydrogen atoms are transferred to bond with oxygen atoms to make water
32 ATP are made e- power e- carriers Water wheel
Net Result 36 ATP produced
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Oxygen is vital! It is the final acceptor
of electrons – without it the process stops.
Pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid, which accumulates in muscles causing fatigue and soreness.
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http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/etc.html
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