Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT)

Bob HwangCo-Director, Sandia National Laboratories

Department of Energy Nanoscience CentersCenters

Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences

Center for FunctionalNanomaterials

Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies

Center for Nanoscale MaterialsMolecular Foundry

Access to extensive facilities at LANL and Sandia

Biosciences

NationalHigh Magnetic

Field Lab

Lujan Neutron Scattering

Center

Microelectronics Development Lab & MESA

Compound Semiconductor Research Lab

20 nm

Synthesis, Characterization,& Theory

CINT Milestones in last year

CINT at full operations (Core and Gateway)

1st BES review of operations (April, 2007)

Permanent CINT management team (Oct. 2007)

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Combining diverse nanomaterials together into composite structures across length scales and into nanosystems to discover, understand,

and design materials with novel properties and performance.

CINT’s focus is on Nanoscience Integration

The science of nanomaterials integrationThe science of nanomaterials integration

Combining ferromagnetic & semiconducting behavior

MetalSemiconductor

CdSeCo

10 nm

Bi-functional materials

Directed assembly

Nanocomposite materials

Microtubules + Motor Proteins

Nanowire arrays

Switchable metamaterials

500 nm

10,000 element 2D mechanical lattice

Nanomechanical arrays

Active nanosystems

Length scale

Nano Micro

Nanoscale inhomgeneities

Engineered nanocomposites

Science ThrustsScience ThrustsNanoscale Electronics, Mechanics & Systems

Nanophotonics & Optical Nanomaterials

Soft, Biological, & Composite Nanomaterials

Theory & Simulation of Nanoscale Phenomena

Control of electronic transport and wavefunctions, and mechanical coupling and properties using nanomaterials and integrated nanosystems

(c)

(a) (b)

(d)

Solution-based materials synthesis and assembly of soft, composite and artificial bio-mimetic nanosystems

Assembly, interfacial interactions, and emergent properties of nanoscale systems, including their electronic, magnetic, and optical properties

Synthesis, excitation and energy transformations of optically active nanomaterials and collective or emergent electromagnetic phenomena (plasmonics, metamaterials, photonic lattices)

Energy TransferWhat are the fundamental limits and enabling

principles that will enable us to integrate nanoscale heterostructures into systems that detect, transfer, and transduce energy with extreme sensitivity and efficiency?

CINT Nanoscience Integration Challenges

Emergent PropertiesWhat are the collective properties of composite nanoscale systems that cannot be predicted in terms of the individual constituents How can we design integrated nanoscale systems with desired behaviors?

1 mm

SEM of actual device1-D tunneling in Double Quantum Wires

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Addressing CINT Challenge in Energy Transfer: Electrically Driven Energy-Transfer LED

Common p-type contact

n-type contact

300 ⎧m

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

EL

inte

nsity

(arb

. uni

ts)

700650600550500450400Wavelength (nm)

QW

NC

>10% color-conversion efficiency (⎜)Absorption/re-emission:

Nonradiative ET:Pd/Au

Ti/Al/Ni/Au

M. Achermann et. al. Nature (2004)M. Achermann, M. A. Petruska, D. D. Koleske, M. H. Crawford, V. I. Klimov, Nano Lett. 6, 1396 (2006)

Future work:IR Energy-transfer LED (III-V QWs &

lead-salt NCs)PV structures utilizing ET from NCs

to QW with Nanosystems Thrust

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Semiconductor nanomaterials will enable previously unattainable control of electronic properties for integrated nanosystems

Nanowires—Synthesis, Properties, & Integration

Energy applications: high efficiency thermoelectricsNational security: ultra sensitive chem/bio sensorsIndustrial competitiveness: future nanoscale electronic and photonic devices

Tom Picraux (LANL), Sean Hearne, Alec Talin (SNL)

Potential impact

Growth of electronic Si, Ge and Si/Ge nanowires

Nanowire sensingIntegration by directed assembly

(d)Si NW

SiO2

Si200nm

(b)

Al Al

3⎧m

(a)

200⎧m

(c)

600nm

OH N

O2

NH

3N

H3

NH

3N

H3N

H3

NH

3N

H3

NH

3

⊗Vg is proportional to e-donating/withdraing character of analyte molecules (Hammett parameter – σp) Nitrobenzene, σp = 0.78 Phenol σp = -0.37;

Assembled array

Electrodeposition to embed NWs

Ge NWs

Si/Ge axial heterostructured

NW

Vertical array geometry

Nanoimprint-formed Si NWs

SiGe alloy NWs

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CINT Thrust Leaders

Nanoscale Electronics, Mechanics & Systems

Mike Lilly

Victor Klimov

Andy Shreve

Bruce Bunker

Mike Nastasi

Sasha Balatsky

Mark Stevens

Soft, Biological & Composite

NanomaterialsNanophotonics & Optical

Nanomaterials

Theory & Simulation of Nanoscale Phenomena

Igal Brener

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Standardized modular, micro-laboratories—designed and batch fabricated for: l Integrating nano and micro length scalesl Studying properties of nanoscale materials and devicesl Directly accessing wide range of CINT characterization tools

Discovery PlatformsTM

3.5 mm

1.5

mm

Cantilever Array Platform™

Discovery PlatformsTM

are fabricated in MESAHybrid Discovery modules

Electrical Transport & OpticalSpectroscopy Platform™

Chip

Integration base

Interconnect carrier

Discovery Platform coupling of techniques - unprecedented understanding

Energy Transfer in nanomaterial systems

• Manipulate nanowire to platform

• Structural & chemical characterization

• Electrical & Optical characterization

300x10-6

200

100

0

-100

-200

-300

Cur

rent

(A)

-1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0Bias (V)

nw a nw b nw c nw a, 600�C nw b, 600�C nw c, 600�C

• Synthesize nanowire

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Vibrant User CommunityVibrant User Community

NSRCs are Science-based User Facilities

Outstanding User program developed from Outstanding Science Program

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2006 Call for User Proposals176 proposals (129 accepted, 73%)32 States10 Foreign Countries

CINTCINT’’s User Callss User Calls

Jump Start ProgramTotal requests: 257

Approved: 36 (2003)32 (2004)21 (2005)

2007 Call for User Proposals101 proposals 79 accepted, 78% success rate