CENTER FOR NUCLEAR WASTE REGULATORY ANALYSES

FOREIGN TRIP REPORT

SUBJECT: gth International Symposium on Electrochemical Methods in Corrosion Research 2006 Project Number 20.06002.01.322 AI Number 06002.01.322.627

DATWPLACE: June 17-24,2006 Dourdan, France

AUTHOR: Xihua He Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses (CNWRA)

DISTRIBUTION:

DHLWRS D. DeMarco V. Whipple S. Kim Foreign Travel Group W. Reamer L. Kokajko E. Collins M. Bailey K. Stablein A. Campbell J. Guttmann W. Smith T. McCartin D. Brooks J. Thomas J. Rubenstone T. Ahn D. Galvin M. Shah J. Dunn-Lee, OIP

GEDKNWRA W. Patrick B. Sagar GED Directors GED Managers L. Yang Y-M. Pan H. Jung P. Shukla K. Chiang D. Dunn G. Cragnolino Lucy Gutierrez

SwRl Record COPY B, IQS

CENTER FOR NUCLEAR WASTE REGULATORY ANALYSES

FOREIGN TRIP REPORT

SUBJECT: gth International Symposium on Electrochemical Methods in Corrosion Research 2006 Project Number 20.06002.01.322 AI Number 06002.01.322.627

DATE/PLACE: June 17-24,2006 Dourdan, France

AUTHOR: Xihua He Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses (CNWRA)

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE:

The Electrochemical Methods in Corrosion Research 2006 symposium was a forum to support discussions of corrosion models and mechanisms, passivity and localized corrosion, electrochemical local techniques, corrosion in the nuclear and aeronautical industries, atmospheric corrosion, microbiologically induced corrosion, high-temperature corrosion, and corrosion in concrete and soils. The author attended this conference to present a paper on corrosion of similar and dissimilar metal crevices in the engineered barrier system for a potential high-level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada; explore new electrochemical methods that may be useful in enhancing the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and CNWRA understanding of corrosion lprocesses in repository relevant environments; and maintain currency with advances in electrochemical techniques in corrosion research.

SUMMARY OF PERTINENT POINTS/ISSUES:

During June 17-June 24, 2006, the author attended the Electrochemical Methods in Corrosion Research 2006 symposium organized by the Laboratoire Interfaces et Systemes Electrochimiques (Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, France). 'The program included 5 plenary lectures, 13 keynote lectures, 1 18 oral papers, and 55 posters. Approximately 40 papers will be submitted for a symposium issue of Electrochimica Acta journal. These papers will be peer- reviewed before publication. The following subjects were covered during the symposium:

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Corrosion models and mechanisms Passivation and localized corrosion Electrochemical local techniques Electrochemical noise Corrosion inhibitors Corrosion in concrete and soils Corrosion in the nuclear and aeronautical industries Microbiologically induced corrosion Inorganic and organic coatings Coupling between electrochemical and non-electrochemical methods Atmospheric corrosion

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0 High-temperature corrosion 0 Flow-induced corrosion

During the conference, it was noted that the international trend is to make extensive use of advanced electrochemical techniques to determine corrosion mechanisms and corrosion processes at micro- or nanoscales. Outstanding advances h,ave been made in techniques such as combining atomic force microscopy and scanning electrochemical microscopy, local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning vibrating electrode technique, Volta potential mapping, and electrochemical capillary cells. In the future, it may be possible to dynamically monitor atomic processes controlling corrosion phenomena.

DISCUSSION:

The author attended all the plenary and keynote lectures and the sessions that focused on corrosion models and mechanisms, passivation and localizedl corrosion, electrochemical techniques, corrosion in concrete and soils, and in nuclear industries. The discussion is summarized by subjects attended.

Plenary Presentations

M.E. Orazem (University of Florida, USA) reviewed recent developments in modeling the impedance response during corrosion processes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is widely used to study corrosion mechanisms, derive kinetic Iparameters in corrosion process modeling, and evaluate the resistance of polymer-coated metals to corrosion. Local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was developed to study localized defects on metal surfaces.

H. lsaacs (Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA) presented a review paper on scanning vibrating electrode technique, scanning reference electrode technique, and scanning Kelvin probe in corrosion research. These techniques are widely used in corrosion research to study localized corrosion. In addition, lsaacs also presented the development of an in-situ direct image processing technique of corroding surfaces. The process visually displays differential images by subtracting one digitized image from another, proclessing the difference by amplification, and adding a grey background to help locate the differences.

B.J. Little (Naval Research Laboratory, USA) summarized recent developments in microbiologically influenced corrosion research and the electrochemical techniques that made the research possible. The study of microbiologically influenced corrosion has evolved from a survey of causative organisms and case histories to mechanistic studies that can be used to predict the service life of materials in specific environments. Little demonstrated that there is no simple relationship between numbers and types of microorganisms and the likelihood that microbiologically influenced corrosion has occurred or will 0cc:ur. A combination of scanning electrodes and electron microscopy has shown that bacteria are attracted to anodic sites, so that in biologically active environments bacteria are always associated with corrosion products. Despite the conventional division of bacteria into groups that cause corrosion (e.g., iron- reducing and sulfate-reducing bacteria) and groups that inhibit corrosion, studies have demonstrated that the corrosive properties of specific microorganisms vary with experimental or operating conditions. Little emphasized that diagnosis, prediction, and control of microbiologically influenced corrosion require both an underst,anding of the chemistry and

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potential microbiology of a corrosive medium and electrochernical techniques to assess their relevance to corrosion.

In the last decade, atomic force microscopy has been used in-situ or ex-situ in corrosion studies to exhibit nanoscale topographic changes due to the on-going corrosion process. Integrated with other techniques, atomic force microscopy can be more useful in providing in-situ information. C. Leygraf (Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden) presented a paper on integrated atomic force microscopy and scanning electrochernical microscopy for in-situ studies of the influence of intermetallic particles on localized corrosion of AI-alloys. While continuous in-situ atomic force microscopy probing of the same surface area of an AI-alloy in a chloride solution reveals local dissolution processes with high lateral resolution, the concurrent scanning electrochemical microscopy mapping of local current reveals electrochemically active sites over the same area of the sample surface.

Electrochemical Local Techniques

A few relevant papers on electrochemical local techniques from the symposium are discussed in the following paragraphs.

Scanning vibrating electrode technique and Volta potential mapping using scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy were widely used to evaluate local imperfections at the passive film. A. Nazarov (Institut de la Corrosion, France) presented a paper on the application of Volta potential mapping to determine stainless steel surface defects under strained, bent, welded, or scratched conditions. Straining, bending, or welding may cha.nge the energy of electrons inside the metal, resulting in changes in the Volta potential. Volta potential mapping enables the prediction of locations with increased risks for pitting corrosion or environmentally assisted cracking.

Capillary-based microcells are a new and powerful concept fclr local electrochemical investigations. Glass capillaries position electrolyte droplets on the sample surface. The wetted area forms the working electrode. The capillary contains reference and counter electrodes. The cells can be operated under stationary conditions or scanning over surfaces of any shape. They were used to monitor the corrosion behavior of critical iriclusions in materials or of thin welding seams. J. Schilm (Technische Universitat, Germany) gave a review on micro capillary cells for electrochemical purposes.

In addition to the combination of atomic force microscopy and scanning electrochemical microscopy, a few investigators have attempted to couple electrochemical methods (such as the scanning vibrating electrode, the electrochemical microcell, the scanning reference electrode, and the scanning electrochemical microscopy) with other non-electrochemical techniques (such as electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance, field emission electron back scatter diffraction, and acoustic emission) to quantify corrosion proce.sses at the microscale. N. Portail (Interfaces et Systernes Electrochimiques, France) discussed the study of local breakdown of the passive layer of iron by a coupled scanning electrochemical microscopy and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance technique. The technique was sensitive to localized events.

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Corrosion Studies of Nickel Alloys

There were four papers related to corrosion studies of nickel or nickel alloys. J.J. Garcia-Jaretio (Laboratoire Interfaces et Systemes Electrochimiques, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, France) presented a paper on electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance analysis of passive layers on nickel in a weak acid sulphate medium under potentiostatic and transient conditions. In this work, electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance combined with voltammetry was used to obtain information about active/pas.sive transition of oxide layer and nickel transpassive dissolution mechanisms. S. Rossi (University of Trento, Italy) summarized their studies of shape memory nickel-titanium wires after surface treatments. The corrosion resistance of nickel-titanium wires is strongly related to the properties of the passive layer that are strongly influenced by surface treatment condition.

D. Large (Universite de La Rochelle, France) presented a paper on the influence of stress-strain field on the dissolution process of polycrystalline nickel in sulfuric acid. This work was carried out using a pre-strained tensile specimen in an electrochemical cell set up on a mechanical test bench to carry out in-situ measurements of current density. E:xperimental results showed that the dissolution of nickel is accelerated by the applied hydrostatic stress, but it is not directly affected by the presence of crystalline defects.

X. He (the author) presented a paper on evaluation of localized corrosion of Alloy 22 (Ni-22Cr-13Mo-4Fe-3W) in chloride solutions using potentiod,ynamic polarization and galvanic coupling techniques. In the potential Yucca Mountain repositlory, metal-to-nonmetal and metal-to-metal crevices may be formed after the waste packages are emplaced in the drifts. The paper demonstrated that the localized corrosion susceptibility of Alloy 22 was not degraded by coupling to titanium Grade 7 or 31 6L stainless steel. Alloy 22-to-metal crevices were less susceptible than the corresponding metal-to-polytetrafluoroetliylene crevices.

Corrosion in Nuclear Waste Disposal and Nuclear Power Industries

In France, radioactive wastes can be packaged in containers made of carbon steel or stainless steel and disposed of in long-term interim dry storage. Deterioration of containers could occur due to atmospheric corrosion at an elevated temperature and different oxygen concentration. S.B. Lagha (ENSCP, France) presented a paper on studies of atmospheric corrosion of iron at high temperatures using an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance maintained in a climate chamber with controlled relative humidity. The corrosion rate of carbon steel was influenced by temperature and relative humidity. D. Feron (CEA, France) piresented their preliminary attempts to study the mechanism of microbiologically influenced corrosion of stainless steel used for geologic waste disposal in a simulated aerobic-anaerobic double-cell system. The electrochemical current between the two cells was measured. The results of this study showed that the anaerobic cell and the aerobic cell system is represeritative of phenomena present in natural environments and should be considered as an option when studying the microbiologically influenced corrosion.

Papers on nuclear power industries focused on the study of the oxide film formed on materials used in pressurized water reactors. Materials covered in the presentations included stainless steels (e.g., Types 304, 31 6, and 08H18N1 OT) and nickel-based alloys (e.g., Alloys 600 and 690). Z. Kerner (KFKI Atomic Energy Research Institute, Hungary) presented a paper on comparative electrochemical study of 08H18N1 OT, AIS1 304, and AIS1 31 6 stainless steels.

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Another three papers on stainless steel oxide films were presented by R.W. Bosch (SCK, Belgium), I. Betova (Bulgarian Academy of Science, Bulgaria), and S. Gavrilov (SCK, Belgium). L. Marchetti (CEA, France) presented a paper on photoelectrochemical study of nickel-based alloy oxide films formed at high temperature and in high water pressure (pressurized water reactor primary coolant conditions), reporting that these films exhibit semi-conducting properties evidenced by photocurrent generation when exposed to energetic light.

IMPRESSIONS/CONCLUSIONS:

Corrosion processes involve complicated electrochemical and non-electrochemical processes. In addition to many conventional methods (e.g., electrochemical potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and electrochemical noise), many new methods including scanning electrochemical microscopy, local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning vibrating electrode technique, scanning Kelvin probe, and electrochemical capillary cells were developed or under development to study corrosion processes. The common feature of these new methods is that they can study the sample surface at microscales. Combined with advanced non-electrochemical methods (e.g., atomic force rniicroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and secondary ion mass spectroscopy), the electrochemical methods can study sample surface even at nanoscales. Extensive use of advanced electrochemical local techniques is the international trend to determine corrosion mechanisms and clorrosion processes at micro- or nanoscales. However, no universal technique exists for all the systems of interest. Each technique has its advantages and limitations in application. In most cases, multiple techniques need to be used to provide complementary results. At CNWRA, many different techniques have been employed in experimental characterization to study metallic materials relevant to the engineered barrier system of the potential repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. It is recommended that the staff remains current with the development of microscopic and nanoscopic techniques.

PENDING ACTIONS/PLANNED NEXT STEPS FOR NRC:

None.

POINTS FOR COMMISSION CONSIDERATION/ITEMS OF IINTEREST:

None.

ATTACHMENTS:

Technical program Business cards

ON THE MARGINS:

None.

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SIGNATURE:

Xihua He, Research Scientist Corrosion Science and Process Engineering

CONCURRENCE:

Vijavain, Managerw Corrosion Science and Process Engineering

Sitakanta Mohanty, Assistant Director

7 / /8 /2n 6 - I

Date

Date

Date Engineering and Systems Assessment

7

Program

DOURDAN

"Le Normont"

France

18 - 23 June 2006

Local Committee

Chairmen: Claude Deslouis Bernard Tribollet

Mem bers: Christian Bataillon Catherine Dagbert Damien Feron Isabelle Frateur Philippe Marcus FranGois Ropital

International Scientific Committee!

Bonora P.L. Cottis R.A. de Wit J.H.W. Ferreira M.G.S. Forsen 0. Janik-Czachor M. KBlman E. Keddam M. Mansfeld F. Mattos O.R. Novoa X.R. Tsuru T. Vereecken J.

University of Trento University of Manchester Technical University of Delft University of Aveiro Helsinki University of Technology Polish Academy of Science Hungarian Academy of Sciences

University of Southern California Federal University of Rio de Janeiro University of Vigo Tokyo Institute of Technology Vrije Universiteit Brussel

CNRS-LISE

Italy U. K. The Netherlands Portugal Finland Poland Hungary France USA Brazil Spain Japan Belgium

emcr2006 Page 1

Time 8h30 8h45 9h00 9h15 9h30 9h45 lOhOO 10h15 10h30 10h45 1lhOO l lh15 l lh30 l lh45 l2hOO 12h15

14h00 14h15 14h30 14h45 15h00 15h15 15h30 151145 16h00 16h15 16h30 16h45 17h00 17h15 17h30

17h45 18h00 18h15 l8h30 18h45

Monday 19 Tuesday 20 Wednesday 21 Thursday 22 Friday 23 PL2 111 PLP 24 P L 4 16 PL5 99

P L l 87 Hugh Isaacs Gordon Bisrwagen Brenda Little Christofer Leygraf

Coffee Break

rooml room2 rooml room2 room 1 session 14 room 1 room 2 session 3 sesslon 6 session 1 resrlon 9 session 8 rerrlon 9 sesslon 11 3.51 Sesslo" 1 sesllo" 5 2 - 1 8 - 2 7 6 - 2 0 - 3 5 90 - 97 82 7 - 96 - 132 122. 145 92 - 103 - 136 52. 116

5 - 9 12.78 36 - 39 80.91 138. 139 seulon 10 151. 155 seslon 10 137 - 148 - 165 rerrlon v 19 - 44 81.93 4 -40 - 42 59- 126- 156

LUNCH LUNCH LUNCH LUNCH

room 1 room 2 room I room 2 Ksslon 1 sesslon 5

50 - 54 - 65 95 - 104 sesslon 3 session 6 72 - 89 154 - 161 69.135 120. 127

session 4 session 11 sesslon 12 142 15 - 56.64 57 ~ 58. 121

76 - 152 1 43 - 46. 55 - 62 - 75

83 - 84 - 85 - 102 - 158 I 29 - 30 - 1121 1

28 - 41 I 7 1 - 79 - 88 - 129 143 - 1461 38 - 98 - 107

47 - 48 - 114 - 150 I 1 1 3 I 9 4 - 106 - 1341 3 4 - 70

1 0 0 . 1 2 4 - 1 6 3 1 37 - 4 5 - 60 73- 1 2 5 - 1 6 2 - 1 6 4 1 1 7

1 0 5 - 1 1 5 - 1 1 8 - 149 f 13 - 25 1 128

room1 room2 sesslon 2 session 12

seslon 13 EXCURSION 8 ~ 53 119 - 131

63 - 67 - 86 11 - 26

M l l l l O " 7 BANQUET 14

Coffee Break

rooml room2

sesslon 1 session 7 101 - 109

133- 144 - 157 22 - 66

68- 108- 123

Plenary lecture 45 mn

Key note lecture

Including dircusrlon

Oral communications 2Omn

lncludlng dlscusslon OlWW

sessions

1 - Corrosion models and mechanisms 2 - Passivation and local corrosion 3 - Electrochemical local techniques 4 - Electrochemical noise 5 - Corrosion inhibitors 6 - Corrosion in concrete and soils 7 - Corrosion In the nuclear and aeronautical industries 8 - Microbiological induced corrosion 9 - Conversion & surface treatments 10 - Inorganic and organic coatings 11 - Coupling between electrochemical and non-electrochemicall methods 12 - Atmospheric corrosion 13 - High temperature corrosion 14 - Flow induced corrosion

emcr2006 Page 2

ah30 - ah45 Symposium opening

8M5 - 9h30 PLl n087 p 7 Mark E. Orazem The role of current and potential distributions on

-- apparent CPE behavior C.A. Azevedo, P.Bezerra, C.J.B.M.Joia and corrosion and Hydrogen Induced Cracking Studied By 0.R.Mattos -- , Electrochemical -- Techniques.

(oh00 - 1oh30 1 coffee break

/corrosion inhibitors for aluminium and aluminium alloys: I a review

1 - Corrosion models and mechanisms

C. Rosenkranz. M.M.Lohrengel Fundame!ntals of Electrochemical Machining - Potentiostatic Experiments at 100 AIcm2 I D steady-state finite-element modelling in respect of oxide films

~ / ~ B e r t h i e r Isabelle Braema. Robert and Bernard Learand Multiscal~s simulations of electrodeposition.

I 1 I - C. Vautrin-Ula, A. Chausse, J. Stafiej, H. Taleb. ~odelisation by cellular automata : an interesting tool f o~

I2hOO-I2h20 I 0 n044 p 4 ~- I J.P. Badiali investiga,ting corrosion processes

12h30 - 14hoo LUNCH

14hOO - 14h30 KN n021 p 55 IRA. Cottis ,The Sign~ficance of Electrochemical Noise f i n e n t s on Asymmetric Electrodes

1 - Corrosion models and mechanisms Jonathan Idrac, Georges Mankowski, George Modelling the corrosion behaviour of copper-rich

14h30 - 14h50 0 n050 lp 5 Thompson,Peter Skeldon, Yolande Kihn and aluminiurn alloys: galvanic coupling between different

1 chriStine Blanc aluminiurn-copper model alloys

1

Im50- lSh10 I Reig, F. Negrete, J. Gregori. J. J. Garcia- Apparent Activation Energy and Apparent Activation

I Jarelio, F. Vicente Entropy of Voltammetric Dissolution of Nickel 1

l ~ i ne t ra r i d thermodynamic study of the HER on pre- 'strained polycrystalline Nickel in H2S04 1M

Quantum Chemical Study of Phenol Derivatives as lnhibitors of Microbiological Corrosion of an Al Allov

15h50- 16hl0 0 n'89 p 11 C. A. Schiller, W. Strunz The validation of experimental impedance data of barriel coatings by means of the Z-HIT algorithm

5 - Corrosion inhibitors

llhoo- llh20 i n.12 5g M Schweinsberg. W Hater. C. Rosenkranz. A. Fast Optimization of Corrosion Inhibition in Cooling

I I :Arnold, J.Freund and V. Ender Water by Electrochemical Methods ; ----

/M.L. Zheludkevicha, K.A. Yasakau, M.F, Protective sol-gel films with self-healing ability based on

l l h 2 0 - l l h 4 0 , 0n978 p62 Ihnontemor. P. Cecilio, M.G.S. Ferreira nanocontainers impregnated with organic corrosion

inhibitor +-- 1F.J. Rodriguez-Gomez, I. Fernandez-Gomez, Evaluation of a commercial corrosion inhibitor for its use

/in water-based paints Truc, Vu Ke Oanh. ~orrosior l performance of an epoxy resin-containing

;oraanicallv modified clav

12h30 - 14ho0 ~ LUNCH I

5 - Corrosion inhibitors

K. Rahmouni, M. Keddam, N.Hajjaji, A. Srhiri, H. The inhibiting effect of 3-methyl 1,2,4-triazole 5-thione o Takenouti copper in 3% NaCl in presence of sulphide

I I ;F. V. V. de Sousa; R. 0 . da Mota; 0 R. Mattos; 1

l5hlO - 15h30 ; 0 n0154 p 69 I.C. P. Margarit-Mattos; J.P. Quintela; M. M. !Methodology for characterization of corrosive agents in

1 Vieira /thermal ir~sulation polyurethane foams -

ian30- 151150 1 o no==-8 o Bendick3 OstwaTenCe of Organic Inhibitors in Steel Pickling Baths

4 - Electrochemical noise

15h50 - 16h10 0 n"142 p 58 H. Bouazaze, F. R. P. Nogueira ~ ~~ Analysis of current and electrolyte-resistance fluctuation generated by oil-brine mixtures in a flow-loop cell

Page 3

Mondav 19 (213)

1 - Corrosion models and mechanisms

ns76 H. Araki, M. Itagaki. K Watanabe, H. Katayama, Electrocb~emical Impedance of Thin Rust Film - and K. Noda Influences of adsorption of metallic ions

n"152 16 J.Carreno, S. Modiano, A.V. Benedetti, C.S. Surface Changes of Steel Membrane in a ~evanathan- Fuaivara and O.R. Mattos Cell.

I 2 - Passivation and local corrosion --

Bogdan Tzvetkov. Martin Bojinov, Assen 'An electrochemical and surface analytical study of the Girginov, Nadine Pebere , 'formation of nanoporous oxides on niobium IS. Tierce. N. Pebere, C. Blanc. C. behaviour of brazed AA4343lAA30031AA434:

M. C. Alonso, J. J. Garcia-Jarefio, J. Gregod, M. Sanchez, H. Takenouti, F. Vicente EIS Analysis of Passive Layers on Steel Rebars --

: ~ ~ ~ r e n t LOETE, Bruno VUILLEMIN, Roland (~evelopnient of an optical sensor for studying pH OLTRA -- changes in an occluded electrochemical cell

M. Itagaki, K. Watanabe ~iagnosicj of Water Qualify for Carbon Steel Corrosion t Mahalanobis-Taguchi Method

Pena, M.C. Perez

t C.M. Abreu, M.J. Cristobal, X.R. ~ o v o a x ~itrogenimplantation in aisi 3041: effect on the corrosior

I propertie!: in chlorinated medium Quaresma, J.M.V.; w, W.R.; Spinelli, J. E; ~ f fec to fgra in size on the electrochemical behavior of a Rosa, D. M. and Garcia, A. dilute AI-Si-Mg alloy

Boeira, A,P,; Ferreira, I, L,; positive and negative macrosegregation profiles on the electrochemical behavior of an Al- 4.5wt%C1~ alloy.

stress-strain field on the dissolution process 1 P n"102 35 D Large. R. Sabot. X Feaugas o f polycrystalline nickel in H2S04 solution : An original i I I .

s~tu method.

Electrochemical lmpedance and Hydrogen Permeation P n'158 p 40 6 . Talhi, M-R. Benloucif measurernents during pitting corrosion of AlSl 430

1 I 1 stainless 3 - Electrochemical local techniques

I I I i

R.M. Souto, H. Takenouti and B. Normand A scanning vibrating electrode study of the self-healing ! processe:s occurring at defective coil coatings

~n SVET investigation of the galvanic corrosion of an Y. Gonzalez-Garcia, A.M. Simdes, A.C. Bastos, : .

Pn030 p 4 1 ~- R.M. Souto ,~ron/zinc (:ouple immersed in 0.1 M Na2S04 aqueous solution m;~. A M. Shipley. H Popenoe. E.--- 1 Direct Image Processing of Corroding Surfaces

I 4 - Electrochemical noise

1 cecilia Cuevas-Arteasa. M a Olga Concha- PnY p 5 4 Guzman.

Pn028 p 5 6 ~ R.M. Souto, Y. Gonzalez-Garcia, S. Gonzalez and G.T. Burstein

1~orrosion evaluation of ss-3161 exposed to aqueous 'lithium bromide solution applying the electrochemical i noise technique.

of Pitting on Stainless Steel Using Electrochemical Noise Analysis and Scanning Electrochemical Microsco~v

-------f----C---- 1 -- . ,

Milan Kouill, Lud6k Joska, Petr Martinek, Indication of crevice corrosion of the AlSl 316L stainless 1 I p Marcela Poddand steel by means of electrochemical noise 6 - Corrosion i n concrete and soils

P n"71 p 76 A.Muiioz and J. Genesca 'Electrochemical behavior of an api x70 pipeline steel in 1 ~ 0 2 saturated Nacl solution

I rI( 77 P. Linhardt, G. Ball AC-induced corrosion: Towards a nonlinear impedance model

James Patrick McKinney, Mark E. Orazem, P n088 ~p 79 Oliver Moghissi, Douglas P. Riemer, and Daphne of mathematical models to explore methods to

! D'Zurko assess condition of buried pipelines

p . . . . . . ; l a ~ c h , R.A. Cottis and L. L a ~ r i v ~ r g a n i c Electrochemical Corrosion Noise Inhibitor Measurements for Reinforced Concrete:

I P n'143 p 84 ' H. Bensabra, N. Azzouz Study on the effect of chlorides on the corrosivity of a

1 simulated concrete solution. Synergy effect of h2so4. ---

M.F.Montemor, J.H.O. Alves, i P n0146 p 85 S.Fernandes, M.Z. Louren~o A.S.Costa, proctection in concrete structures.

I Appleton, M.G.S. Ferreira

Page 4

Mondav 19 (313)

11 - Coupling between electrochemical and non-electroc~'remicaI methods I D. Gimenez-Romero, J.J. Garcia-Jareilo, F. F(A~IAQ) function as a tool to study copper 1' 130 ~ e n t e . C Gabrielli and H. Perrot

-- electrochemical dissolution --

Halina Krawiec, Robert Akid, Vincent Vignal and Fupllng microcapillary-based techniques to study the I P n o D B p l Y ' ~ o l a n d Oltra influence of mass transport on the electrochemical ~rocesses at the microscale I

1 P n0107 1.137 S Peulon. A Chavsse Iron compounds electrodeposlted onto a transparent sem~conductor. Sn02: Synthes~s and characterisation by I - .-- - r - - r ,

17h30 - 18h45 , - ' - Posterdlscuwlon *-:* 4' '. ' 9 Y

Coffee break will take place during the vislt to the postelrs .- - - U

Page 5

Vincent Vivier

, Nadine PBbere And

of a small electrochemical humid corrosion

chemical and non-

Dorochenko, J. Deconinck

Page 6

Tuesday 20 (213)

12h30 - 14hoo 1 LUNCH

6 - Corrosion in concrete and soils I

11. Ibrahim. X. Campaignolle, S. Fontaine , F. The corrosion of buried materials induced by alternative 14h30 - 14h50 lo 110120 p 81 ,

;France, M. Meyer, H. Takenouti. 0. Tribollet current under cathodic protection - -- -- -- I

14h50 - 15h10 ' 0 n"127 p 82 X and D S Dunn A A Csontos I I

Potentiodynamic Polarization and Galvanic Coupling to !Evaluate Localized Corrosion of Alloy 22 in Chloride lSolutions.

12 - Atmospheric corrosion Electrochemical behaviour of two copper electrodes

Jebnoun, Eliane Sutter. Bernard Tribollet immersed in NaCl solution under permanent polarization -- I-- Thi Tuyet Uai Mai Tran, Marie-Claude !Atmosphmeric corrosion of iron at high temperature An

electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance study i __ Protectioin of bronze covered with patina by innoxious organic substances

L. Robbiola, K. Rahmouni, H. Takenouti

5 - Corrosion inhibitors I

P n'47 !p 60 / ~ r e g o t v Boisier and Nadine PBbere IStudy of inhibitive mixtures for the corrosion protection c

I- 12024 alurninium allov

Corrosior~ inhibition of a carbon steel by a multi- component formulation used for water treatment in

of Fe36Ni alloy by phosphonic acid in chlorid~s solution

of carbon steel in alkaline chloride

--

7: Corrosion inthe nuclear andaeronautical inclustries 1 3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate's coatings for

P n ' l l 3 ,p 91 S.M. Tamborim Takeuchi, D.S.Azambuia 'corrosion protection of aluminum alloy 2024 T-3 with ant without ct~rium additive

8 - Microbiological induced corrosion I of silver-containing dental materials in model

IP 13.94 1 % Joska L,, Poddana M.. Leitner J., Kouril M, saliva Effects of electrolytic voltage on the structure of Ti-0 filn

P n0106 l p g8 iTS Sonoda M. Kato, K Katou and T. Asahina 'formed pure titanium by anodic - -. - ----

I Influence of BSA adsorption on the electrochemical behaviour and surface composition of Fe-17Cr in

I chloride solutions as a function of pH 1 9 - Conversion 8 surface treatments

ISurface treatment of carbon steel substrates to prevent P n034 103 A Collazo. M. Izquierdo. X.R. Nbvoa. C. Perez

cathodic l,elamination

c . G D ~ s ~ ~ ~ I . c . P . Margarit-Mattos. 0 . R conversion in molybdate-phosphoric acid Mattos. B. Tribollet --

I ~ E I S investigation of the behaviour of a double layer

P n " l o o j P l o 7 L. E. M. Palomino, 1. v. Aoki, Z. Paszti and HA Cerium - Silane pre-treatment on Al 2024-T3 in O.lM I de Melo I NaCl

Electrochemical investigation and morphological P 11.124 109 j C R Tomachuk. H G de Melo characterzation of Cr6+ free protecting systems for Zn

---- plating

I ZE. Barchiche, E. Rocca,~.Juers.~Hazan,J.;Studyof;lnodization behavior and corrosion resistance P n'163 P 113

steinmetz I o f AZ91 D Magnesium commercial Alloy

Page 7

Tuesday 20 (313)

,P no45 119 ITrinh Anh T ~ ~ ~ , To Xvan Hang, Truong Hoai 1~lectrocllemical impedance studies of anticorrosive

N ~ ~ , ~ a d i n e ~6bBre properties of indol-3 butyric acid organo-clay in epoxy primer applied on carbon steel

10 - Inorganic and organic coatings

characterization of carbon steel pre-

--- Azambuia, D.S.; De by organiclinorganic hybrid

Pn"37 p116

-.

1 Poly(N-methylan~l~ne) coat~ngs on Iron electrode

,,, Flor~an Thebault. Roland Oltra, Bruno Vu~llemin. Slmulatlan of atmospheric cut-edge c o r r o i n of Chrlst~an Allely, Laurence Dosdat, Kevln Ogle ,galvan~zrtd steel

E. Garcia-Lecina, J.A. Diez, H-J. Grande, .I. Casado

12 - Atmosoheric corrosion

Develop~nent and corrosion behavior of AuAgni alloy electrode~osits

P n0105 p 145 K Rahmouni. M. Keddam. A Srhiri. H. Takenouti~ Thriazole derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for Bronze ir

-- urban atrnosphere

IK. Rahmouni, G. Raikova, Z. Stoynov, A. Srhiri, -+- !lmpedanl:e and Differential impedance analyses of some

i p 146 H Takenouti. V. Vivier. D. Vladikova triazoles as corrosion inhibitor of artificial patina in urban atmos~here

~ - - - ~

1, _,,,, _ ,,, IF. Elsahwesh, 0 . Ragaei, K. Abusowa and R- l ~ a p o r side corrosion of Cu-Ni tube bundles of

IP

~bua i sha of indoor atmospheric corrosion

ancient iron artefacts.

13 - High temperature corrosion

P n0lJ Ip 155 I H Chaouki and A. Chtaini Corrosiori and Inhibition of TiNi in Physiological Media

142 Y. R. Yoo. S. B. Lee. J. Y. Jung, Y. B. Park, Y. C. Joo, Y. S. Kim

I P n.25 p 156 A F'C T'Resende' ;oxidation of AlSI 304 and AlSI 139 Stainless Steels

Sabioni

Influence of ionic species and in-situ observation on the electrochemical migration of SnPb solders

- . - 17h30 18h45 Porter dlacussion , . $2 ; . .

Coffee break will take place during the visit to the posters , I *

- 4 \ @ - . -

14 - Flow induced corrosion

Page 8

P n0128 p 162 C. Alemany-Dumont, V. Botton. B. Normand, A. Mass transport quantification in turbulent flow in the Terlain rotatina cvlinder confiauration

Wednesday 21 (111)

I w15-9h45 IKN 11.74 p 123 IM. Itagaki, A, Ono. K. Watanabe

1 Dynamic Multi-Impedance Measurements to Investigate 10rganic Film Degradation

9h45- 10h15 1 coffee break

1 - Corrosion models and mechanisms

!The change of the coating capacity of barrier coatings C. A. Schiller , W. Strunz, J. Vogelsang 1

iduring water uptake - an oversimplification ? I

-- Y. Van Ingelgem, I. Vandendael, A.Hubin, R. Ilnfluenc€, of surface hardening on the corrosion

I Frateur. S. Cattarin. M. Musiani. ME. 0ra-;ln of oxide layer capacitance from high frequency EIS results

Y. Van Ingelgem, E. Van Gheem, E. Tourwe, T. New Possibilities of Multisine Electrochemical Breugelmans, R. Pintelon, A.Hubin Impedance Measurements for Corrosion Research.

Persoons, J. Vereecken resistance of structural and stainless steels

. . - - - . -

1zh30 - 14hoo LUNCH

E. Van Gheem, R. Pintelon, A. Hubin, J. Vereecken

Modelling of the Pitting Corrosion of Aluminium Based 01 a New Approach of Electrochemical Impedance Measure~nents

Excursion +

Banquet

9 - Conversion & surface treatments

Page 9

The influence of zinc surface pretreatment on the adhesion of epoxy coating

~ano-composite OxidelPolypyrrole as Active Protective

J.B.Baiat, V.B.MiSkoviC-StankoviC. D.M.Dra2iC --

g u v e n Thi Le Hien, dlaude Deslouis. D i n h m Mai Thanh

p 106 -

p 114

I 10h45 - l lh05 !O n082

1

-- Films

10 - Inorganic and organic coatings

11h05-llh25 0n04

11hz5- i i h r r 0 n059

I

12h30 - 14hoo LUNCH

1 Electrochemical formation of ultrathin conducting p 120 ~ F u r b e t h . U. Harm, K.M. Mangold K. on carbon steel surfaces for corrosion

i ih45 - 12h05 p 118 0 n"42

--- protectiori

addition onto the electrochemical A. Meroufel, S. Touzain behaviou~' of zinc-rich powder coatings

,30~gh15 ,, pg4 B e r n & . Jason S Lee, and Richard I !Developments in MIC Research and the Electrochemica R a y ,Techniques That Made Them Possible

L_.-_C -- 9h15-9h45 I KN n"23 I p 95 por lan Mansfeld +elacaon of Bacter~a and Metal Surfaces

9h45- 1oh15 coffee break -+ ------r---p I--

10hl5- 10h45 K N n'32 ( p 19 /a . Vuillemin, R. Oltra, D.Crusset, R.A. Cottis (stability diagrams for crevice corrosion propagation

8 - Microbiological induced corrosion

Luis Fernando de Santos Faria, Ermeson Lincon lOh45llhO5On7 p g j 1 de Oliveira Teixeira, Alexandre Rossi, Corrosioli resistance of a dental biomaterial based on

Luis AntBnio da Sllva, Valeria Almeida Alves 'Opper presence Of buffer

--

.stainless steels in low chloride waters. ---t------

,,,, l o i mi lie Daioux, Isabelle Dupont-Moral. Otavio Electrochemical study of marine corrosion on low alloy 1 G , Domin~que Ketvadec. Bernard Tribollet lSteels - Influence of marine sulphicie-producing bacteria I

12h30 - 14hoo LUNCH I I

p 22 M_M. Lohrenael. A. Schreiber Grain Dependent Dissolution and Passivation of Iron - -

2 - Passivation and local corrosion M. Reffass, R. Sabot, M. Jeannin, J. Landoulsi 'Effects ofN02- ions on localised corrosion of steel in

1.h- - '0 "-6 ip ,6 1 C. Berziou and Ph. Refait iNaHCO? + NaCl electrolytes

1 C . Gabrielli. D. GimBnez-Romero. J. Gregori. J.J. ~ EQCM Analysis of Passive Layers on~ i cke l in a Weakly 14h30- 14h50 0 n053 !p 23 1 I Garcia-Jareno. H. Perrot. F. Vicente Acid Sulphate Medium Under Potentiostatic and

Transient Conditions

T. Bellezze, G. Roventi, A. Quaranta and R I Electrochemical study on the pitting corrosion resistance 15h.o- 15h30 /O n-83 p 26 lFrateei o f some stainless steels used in the production of boilers

for domelstic purpyes I

15h30 - 15h50 !O n"67 p 27 E. Sivieri, S.P. Trasatti, M. Trueba Pitting scan technique for corrosion evaluation of Al allovs

15h50- ,. 1 n., 33 ~ o s a . D M ; Spinelli. J.E.; Osbrio. W.R.; Freire. Electrochemical and microstructural analysis of a Pb-

1 C. M. A. and Garcia, A 1.9wthSb alloy immersed in NaCl and HZSO4 solutions

I 16h1o - 16h40 I coffee break

2 - Passivation and local corrosion

16h40- 17h00 0 n"101 !p 34 S. Rossi, F. Deflorian, S. Gialanella, D. D'Orazio Electrochemical study of shape memory Ni-Ti wires after surface treatments.

F. Bolzoni, G. Contreras. P. Fassina, G. A studyon metastability phenomena of passivity films f o ~ Fumagalli, S. Goidanich, L. Lazzari T o s i o n ---- resistance alloys

17h2O- 17h40 0 11'133 p 37 W . Deans and A. Elhoud ~ The Effect of Cold Work on the Corrosion of 25Cr Duple) I Stainless Steel

kinetics of cobalt chromium alloy in boric acid solution

1 ~ 8hoo - 18h20 0 n"157 p 39 B . Talhi, K. Berrezag

I I I

~pplication of the hydrogen permeation technique to the ;study of pitting and repassivation of the AlSl 430 1 stainless steel

Page 10

9 - Conversion & surface treatments F . Andreatta, P. Ald~ghieri. L.Paussa. R. Di Electrocliemical behaviour of Zr02 pre-treatments on IMaggio, S. Rossi. L. Fedrizzi 1 ~ 6 0 6 0 alloy - - - ~p

M. Zheludevich, M.G.S. Corrosion protection of metallic substrates using pre- treatmer~ts based on silane coatings modified with !corrosion inhibitors.

of water uptake and diffusion of cl- ions in

Chitosan films on protection of Al-2024

10 - Inorganic and organic coatings

12h30 - 14hoo LUNCH

I 11h25-ltN5 0 ni10 Jp 117

12 - Atmospheric corrosion

Durability of organic coated copper pretreated with F. Deflorian, S. Rossi. G Pilzer. L. Fedrizzi

lsilanes

1 14h30- i4h50 0 n"119 p 149

I

Elias Remifa' Eliane Sutter' Bernard TribOllet IDeveloprnent of a thin layer cell adapted to the study of Fran~ois Ropital. Xavier Longaygue, Carol 'corrosion in restricted volumes of electrolyte

14h50-15h10

I I - . . . . - - - .. .- . . - - . - - 7 - Corrosion in the nuclear and aeronautical industries

Condat-Taravel, Nicolas Desamais I -- - -

15hIo-15h30

15hlo- 15,,50

13 - High temperature corrosion

0 n"131

Thermal and atmospheric stresses on flame tubes in OnD l l p l 5 4 I H. Ackermann, G. Teneva-Kosseva, K. Lucka, H.

modern blue flame oil burners and performance of some ,Koehne, .%Richter, J. Mayer

Ni-base high temperature wrought alloys I n.26 1S7 P.A, A,M, C, SCvCrac, R, Molins Surface reactivity of metallic materials for the realisation

' nf mass r:tandards

16h4o- nhoo 0 n022 iP 87 IR.-w Bosch. M Vankeerberghen + 15hy1-16h1o

16h1o- 16h40

Interpretation of "not-so-good-quality" EIS data; results I . .from tn-ple PWR testing I

p 151

O f 1 4 lp86 ( Zsolt Kerner, Janos Balog. Akos H o ~ a t h and l~om~ara t i ve electrochemical study o f 0 8 ~ 1 8 ~ 1 0 ~ ~ , Gabor Naqy 304 and ,\IS1 316 stainless steels

coffee break

-- - C. Chiavari, H. Takenouti, P. Vermaut, L. Compos~tion and electrochemical properlies of natural Robbiola patinas cf outdoor bronze monuments

:IS, v. naquai, films formed at high temperature and high pressure

Iva Betova, Martin Bojinov, Petri Kinnunen, Viivi lihoo-rih200n066 p88 1 Lehtovuori, Seppo Peltonen, Sami Penttila, Timo

I Microstructural and electrochemical investigations of the 'H. de Jorcin. 'Ianc.

PBbBreV corrosion of 2024-T3 A1 alloy in low 7 h 4 0 l8hOO 0 no108 Ip 90 B. Tribollet and V. Vivier

& #

--

Electrical and electrochemical measurements during corrosion of austenitic stainless steel and its pure metal

~lectrochemical behaviour of stainless steels Types 304 and 316 In boric acid - lithium hydroxide solutions

I i 'Saario constituents in ultrasupercritical water

Page 11

Fridav 23 (111)

for in-situ studies of localize

1

Suppres!sion of copper redeposition by RE salts and

corrosior~ inhibition on AA2024

I 9h45- ?oh15 coffee break

10h15- 1oh45

I Measureinents of the corrosion resistance of magnesiur Rocca, Joseph ,

:alloys : electrochemical and non-electrochemical I methods

11 - Coupling between electrochemical and non-electrochemical methods

I !combined EIS-SE Study of Thermally Formed Iron Oxic I Layers for Corrosion Protection by Organic Coatings

KN n0130 p 163 !

ioh45 - llho5

i lnvestiaat~on of the F~rst Staaes of the Localized

Initiation of Flow Induced Localized Corrosion - Guenter Schmitt, Mirdash Bakalli Correlation between Wall Shear Stresses and Freak

1 Energy Clensities-

I -

L V a n lnaelqem, A. Hubin, J. Vereecken Corrosior~ of Pure Copper Combining Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Field Emission Auger

-- Acoustic Emission Measurements L--

0 n092

1 Spectros~:opy.

~ou~ledelectrochemical and gravimetric study of iron Leqrand, Annie Chausse

corrosion ~roducts. -- I 12125- ~MI 0 n ' 1 6 ~ O q I e . N Meddahi V ~ h e r n i c a l Stability of Surface Treatments by Atomic Emission Spectroelectrochemistry

p 133

1 1zh45 - 13hoo Closino remarks

Detection of SCC on Prestressing Steel Wire by the J. KovaE, M. Leban, A. Legat :Simultan~~ous Use of Electrochemical Noise and

I LUNCH

Departure from the Symposium after lunch

14 - Flow induced corrosion R. C. Vasquez, G. Rios, J. Uruchurtu, R. lOh45-llhO50n'3 p 1 5 8 1 Effect of flow on corrosion of carbon steel in co2-loaded

Page 12

l l h05 - l Ih25

~Eustaquio, A. Trejo, J. Genesca aqueous alkanolamine solutions ----

,O n"51 P 159 kwz Schilm' Lohrenge" " Dissolution of Hard Metal Alloys

--

160 M. Horstemeier, G. Schmitt Unusual Eiffects in Supramolecular Structures - Detected b y Microelectrochemical Flow Measurements

+-. . I O n the m~t~gation of erosion-corrosion of Cu by a drag- L. Chaal, C. Deslouis, B. Saidani reducing cationic surfactant in turbulent flow conditions

using a rotating cage.

9 - Conversion 8 surface treatments

p 112 - F; ~ ~ i ~ ~ i , ~ $ ~ ' Tan' Novel conversion coatings for reactive metals

I . -- --

12h05-12h25

12h45 - 13hoo Closing remarks in room I

LUNCH

0n0147 --

12h25 - 12h45 1

Boeretang 200

scia B-2400 MOL Belgii?

u ITUDIECENTRLIM VOOR X L R N F H E I C I E 4 +32 14332111 c~ml D ~ D E DF LBNFXGB NUCLLAIRL

www.sckcen.be ir Marc Vankeerberghen

Reaaor Safety Division Reactor Materials Research Dept.

Corrosion Section

Tel. direct: +32 14 33 34 10 Fax: +32 14 32 13 36 E-mail : mvankeer@sckcen.be

CARL SCHEFFEY, Ph.D. Director of Engineering 703-338-0981

KTH Industrial Enginaering and Management

J INSHAN PAN, P h D

Associate Professor

DIV. Corrosion Soence

KTH - Drot tn~ng Kristinas vag 51

SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden

Phone: +46 8 790 67 39

Fax: +46 8 20 82 84

e-mail: j~nshanp@kth.se

www.kth.se

carl@ApplicableElectronics.com Redefining Electrochemical Measurement

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