central nervous system anatomy
DESCRIPTION
Central Nervous System Anatomy. Lesson 6. Functional Anatomy: CNS. Major Divisions Forebrain, Midbrain, Hindbrain Know structure name, location & general function Major fiber systems CNS vs PNS terminology nucleus vs. ganglion tracts vs. nerves ~. Telencephalon - Cortex. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Central Nervous System Anatomy
Lesson 6
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Functional Anatomy: CNS
Major Divisions Forebrain, Midbrain, Hindbrain Know structure name, location &
general function Major fiber systems CNS vs PNS terminology
nucleus vs. ganglion tracts vs. nerves ~
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Telencephalon - Cortex
Gray Matter Somas and Dendrites
(neuron cell bodies) Organized in layers
some input, some output Neocortex
6 layers ~
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Telencephalon - Fiber Systems
White Matter - myelinated axons 3 types of fiber systems
Commissural Association Projection ~
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Commissural Fibers Interconnect homologous structures in
the two hemispheres Corpus Callosum Anterior and Posterior Hippocampal ~
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AnteriorAnterior
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Forebrain Fibers Systems Association Fibers
interconnect cortical areas within each hemisphere
Projection Fibers all other *CNS fiber systems Fornix Corticospinal tract Mammillothalamic tract
Naming convention ~
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Association
CommissuralProjection
HemispheresLeft Right
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Subcortical: Limbic System Emotion; Learning & Memory Structures
Cingulate gyrus Hippocampus Amygdala Thalamus Hypothalamus Mammilary bodies Olfactory bulbs Fornix ~
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Amygdala
Hippocampus
Limbic System
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Cingulate gyrus
Fornix
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Subcortical: Basal Ganglia
Extrapyramidal Motor System Caudate Putamen Globus Pallidus
Striatum
Lenticular Nucleus
Claustrum ~
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Caudate
Putamen
Globuspallidus
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Forebrain Subcortical Areas
Diencephalon Surrounds 3rd ventricle
Thalamus sensory and motor relay nuclei
Hypothalamus motivation & emotion ~
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Thalamus
Lateral Geniculate Nuclei LGN vision
Medial Geniculate Nuclei MGN audition
Ventroposterior Nuclei - VPL & VPM Somatosensation ~
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Hypothalamus
4Fs Feeding Fighting fleeing, and ... mating
Controls the pituitary gland ~
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Thalamus
Hypothalamus Pituitary Stalk
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Mesencephalon
Surrounds cerebral aqueduct Tectum
Superior Colliculi - vision Inferior Colliculi - audition
Tegmentum ~
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Thalamus
Tectum
SuperiorColliculi
InferiorColliculi
Tegmentum
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Tegmentum Periaqueductal Gray
analgesia Reticular Formation –
sleep and arousal attention
Red Nucleus and Substantia Nigra motor system
Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) reinforcement ~
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PAG
Substantia Nigra
Reticular formation
Cross-section of Tegmentum
Dorsal
Red Nucleus
VentralTegmentalArea
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Metencephalon
Surrounds fourth ventricle Pons
Sleep and arousal Reticular formation
Cerebellum coordinates movements ~
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Myelencephalon
Medulla “Vital Centers” Reticular formation Pyramids ~
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Thalamus
Medulla