Centrifugal Partition Chromatographic (CPC)

T. VINAY KUMAR (08171S0408)

M- PHARMACY (MPAQA),Bharat institute of technology,

(pharmacy)

History of CPCIntroduction to counter current

chromatography (CCC)PrincipleInstrumentationSelection of solventThe advantages of CPC technologyApplications of CPC technology

Topics Covered in Presentation

History of CPC

• Centrifugal partition chromatography is pioneered by Ito in 1964.

• This is basically out growth of counter current chromatography as developed by “Craig and post”.

• Sanki engineering LTD. Develops the CPC(1982)

• Dr. Yoichiro develops HSCCC

Counter Current Chromatography (CCC)

• A separation technique that involves two liquid phases flowing in opposite direction. The stationary phase and the mobile phase result in a relative countercurrent motion.

• Both stationary and mobile phases are liquids.

• Separation is based on the partition co-efficient of the components in mixture.

Principle

• The principle of separation involves the partition of a solute between two immiscible solvents (mobile phase and stationary phases).

• The relative proportion of solute passing into each of the two solvents determined by partition coefficient.

Instrumentation

Two types of instruments

I. CPC manufacture by Sanki engineering ltd

II. Multicoil countercurrent system by Ito

( mfg by Pharma Tech Research Corp)

Sanki engineering's CPC instrument

CPC Rotor Elements

Partition Disc Pack

Partition ChannelsPartition Disc

The Inner Workings of the CPC

Operation

• Initially pump the stationary phase solvent into the channel while the rotor is spinning at low speed

• Followed by mobile phase solvent at the rotation speed required for separation.

• As the mobile phase flows steadily sample was applied

• Speed of the rotor

Multi coil counter current chromatography

• This instrument consists of two or three identical multilayer coils arranged symmetrically around the rotor frame of the centrifuge

• Each coil column under goes planetary motion.

Selection of solvent systems

• Critical points in selection are

Sample solubility

Partition coefficient

• Chloroform based system (or)

• Ternary phase diagram is used for the selecting the solvent system

• Foucault suggested three criteria to follow ternary phase diagrams

- Select the best solvent in which sample can be completely dissolved,

- Select two solvents (one is less polar another is more polar), best solvent will partition into the two other solvents,

- The less polar fraction of the sample will preferentially go into the less polar phase and the more polar fraction will preferentially go into the more polar phase so that average partition coefficient stay around 1.

Advantages

• No need of solid support as the stationary phase,

• 100% recovery of the compounds,

• Many partition system can be prepared,

• Low solvent consumption ,

• Same solvent pair can be used for the reveres phase chromatography,

• We can used for the large scale operations,

• Low price of stationary phase solvents compared to that of column packing's.

• Faster and less expensive product development.

Applications

• Pharmaceutical Bio-Medical

• Biotechnology Fats and Oils

• Fermentation Chemicals

Pharmaceutical

• Fractional purification of natural Tocopherols, fatty acids and phospholipids,

• Hydrophobicity parameters of drugs,

• Separation of metal ions,

• Purification and separation of vitamins A,D and E.

Chemicals

• Separation of Chiral compound,

• Synthesis of lipid A,

• Separation of Saturated and Unsaturated fatty acids,

• Separation of Alkaloids, Fatty acid esters, Herbmedicine, Monosaccharide, Quinones, etc.

Biotechnology

• Purification of antibiotics from fermentation broth,

• Enzymes from Yeast extract,

• Fungous toxin Nivalenol,

• Separation of salmon sperm DNA,

• Separation of serum Proteins.

References

• CPC article by Udaya wnasundara

and Paul fedec.

• Pos piolot plant crop.

• www.wikipedia.org/wiki/counter-cureent-chromatography

• info@pharmatech.com