cfd modelling study of thermal comfort and pollution

©2012 C2D SOLUTIONS PTE LTD All Rights Reserved. www.c2d.com.sg C2D Solutions Pte Ltd is a holistic knowledge-based engineering solutions provider with a wealth of experience. We are committed to deliver the most optimal solution based on sound engineering principles. Overview of C2D CFD Modelling Study of Thermal Comfort and Pollution Concentration in a Large Basement Car Park of a Mega-Resort Development C2D Solutions Pte Ltd Concepts To Design Solutions Problem Statement To ensure safety of motorists, concentration of indoor air pollutants must be maintained at a safe level. The objective of this study is to predict the flow field, CO concentration and temperature distribution of the 3 level car park. Basement 2 car park is used to illustrate the study. Challenge Supply fans and exhaust fans in one zone are considered to be in failure and not operating. In addition, 674 cars (50% of the car park capacity) are considered to be in simultaneous operation. The reason for imposing such conservative limits is because B2 has a lower headroom and a larger car park capacity than the other levels. Hence, if the ventilation system is able to meet the demands for this extreme scenario, the safety and comfort of occupants of B2 will definitely be ensured in reality. Fig 1: Computational Grid of Basement 2 Carpark Solution The flow field, CO concentration and temperature will be analyzed at average human head level when standing (1.7m) and when seated in a car (0.5m) using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. This is to establish how effectively the ventilation system can manage the pollution in the car park and maintain a reasonable air quality. Fig. 2: Velocity Contour at 1.7m Height The CFD study predicts that the there are no significant stagnation zones within the car park. The Carbon Monoxide (CO) concentration within the majority of the car park is less than 24ppm (Threshold Limit Value of CO = 25ppm) and the temperature is less than 35 o C. This illustrates that the proposed ventilation system can manage the pollution in the car park and maintain a reasonable air quality. Results Fig. 2: Temperature Contour at 1.7m Height Fig. 3: CO PPM Contour at 1.7m Height

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Page 1: CFD Modelling Study of Thermal Comfort and Pollution

C2D Solutions Pte Ltd is a holistic knowledge-based engineering solutions provider with a wealth of experience. We are committed

to deliver the most optimal solution based on sound engineering principles.

Overview of C2D

CFD Modelling Study of Thermal Comfort and Pollution Concentration in a Large Basement Car Park of a Mega-Resort

Development

C2D Solutions Pte LtdConcepts To Design Solutions

Problem Statement

To ensure safety of motorists, concentration of indoor air pollutants must be maintained at a safe level. The objective of this study is to predictthe flow field, CO concentration and temperature distribution of the 3 level car park. Basement 2 car park is used to illustrate the study.

ChallengeSupply fans and exhaust fans in one zone areconsidered to be in failure and not operating.In addition, 674 cars (50% of the car parkcapacity) are considered to be in simultaneousoperation. The reason for imposing suchconservative limits is because B2 has a lowerheadroom and a larger car park capacity thanthe other levels. Hence, if the ventilationsystem is able to meet the demands for thisextreme scenario, the safety and comfort ofoccupants of B2 will definitely be ensured inreality.

Fig 1: Computational Grid of Basement 2 Carpark

SolutionThe flow field, CO concentration andtemperature will be analyzed at averagehuman head level when standing (1.7m) andwhen seated in a car (0.5m) usingComputational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)simulations. This is to establish howeffectively the ventilation system can managethe pollution in the car park and maintain areasonable air quality. Fig. 2: Velocity Contour at 1.7m Height

The CFD study predicts that the there are nosignificant stagnation zones within the carpark. The Carbon Monoxide (CO)concentration within the majority of the carpark is less than 24ppm (Threshold LimitValue of CO = 25ppm) and the temperature isless than 35oC. This illustrates that theproposed ventilation system can manage thepollution in the car park and maintain areasonable air quality.

Results

Fig. 2: Temperature Contour at 1.7m Height

Fig. 3: CO PPM Contour at 1.7m Height

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