ch 1 review game: history and approaches. please select a team. 1. team introspection 2. darwin’s...
TRANSCRIPT
CH 1 Review Game:History and Approaches
Please select a Team.
Tea
m in
trosp
ec...
Dar
win’s
monke
...
We
love F
reud!
Pavlo
v’s D
ogs
Thos
e th
at a
re...
Hurra
y for P
la...
We
know a
ll th
...
Unco
nscio
usly
...
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1. Team introspection
2. Darwin’s monkeys
3. We love Freud!
4. Pavlov’s Dogs
5. Those that are highly evolved
6. Hurray for Plato!
7. We know all the answers
8. Unconsciously good
You are at a lecture about the history of psychology and the speaker states that Wilhelm Wundt’s theory of structuralism was the first scientific psychological theory. On what historical fact might the speaker be basing her or his argument?
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dt was
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dt stu
died
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251. Wundt was internationally known at the
time, and this lent credence to his theory in the scientific community
2. Wundt studied under Ivan Pavlov for his graduate training, and Pavlov required scientific methods to be used
3. Structuralism was based on the results of his introspection experiments, so it is, at least in part, empirical
4. Structuralism was based on careful anecdotes gathered from Wundt’s extensive clinical career
5. Wundt was not the first person to derive a scientific psychological theory
Sigmund Freud’s theory of the unconscious mind:
Was
revo
lutio
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ulted fr
om ..
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Is o
utdat
ed a
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Focu
sed e
ntire.
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ends
on the.
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251. Was revolutionary because it was
the first comprehensive explanation of human thought and behavior
2. Resulted from discoveries about the human brain obtained by cadaver dissection
3. Is outdated and has no relevance for modern psychology
4. Focused entirely on human males’ sex drive
5. Depends on the idea that humans can remember events but not be consciously aware of the memory
In what ways might a behaviorist disagree with a cognitive psychologist about the cause of aggression?
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251. A behaviorist might state that aggression is caused by memories or
ways we think about aggressive behavior, while a cognitive psychologist might say aggression is caused by past repressed experience
2. A behaviorist might state that aggression is a behavior encouraged by our genetic code, while a cognitive psychologist might state that aggression is caused by memories or ways we think about aggressive behavior
3. A behaviorist might state that aggression is caused by past rewards for aggressive behavior, while a cognitive psychologist might believe aggression is caused by an expressed desire to fulfill certain life needs
4. A behaviorist might state that aggression is caused by past rewards for aggressive behavior, while a cognitive psychologist might believe aggression is caused by memories or ways we think about aggressive behavior
5. A behaviorist would not disagree with a cognitive psychologist about aggression because they both believe that aggressive behavior is caused by the way we cognitively process certain behaviors
Dr. Marco explains to a client that his feelings of hostility towards a coworker are most likely caused by the way the client interprets the coworker’s actions and the way he thinks that people should behave at work. Dr. Marco is most likely working from what perspective?
Beh
avio
ral
Cogni
tive
Psy
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nalyt
ic
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anis
t
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1. Behavioral
2. Cognitive
3. Psychoanalytic
4. Humanist
5. Social-cultural
The research methodology Wilhelm Wundt used is called:
Intro
spec
tion
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entif
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et...
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1. Introspection
2. Structuralism
3. Naturalistic observation
4. Inferential statistics
5. Scientific method
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Which of the following psychologists wrote the first psychology textbook?
Will
iam
Jam
es
Wilh
elm
Wundt
B.F
. Ski
nner
John W
atso
n
Alb
ert B
andura
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1. William James
2. Wilhelm Wundt
3. B.F. Skinner
4. John Watson
5. Albert Bandura
Which of the following concepts is most integral to Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory?
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phinin
g
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The
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iou...
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pt of..
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Beh
avio
rism
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1. Trephining
2. Structuralism
3. The Unconscious Mind
4. The concept of gestalt
5. Behaviorism
Which of the following psychologists was part of the Gestalt group of psychologists?
Car
l Rog
ers
Wilh
elm
Wundt
B.F
. Ski
nner
John W
atso
n
Max
Wer
thei
mer
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1. Carl Rogers
2. Wilhelm Wundt
3. B.F. Skinner
4. John Watson
5. Max Wertheimer
Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory has been criticized for being:
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te fo
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applic
abl..
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ed o
n la
rge.
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Unsc
ientif
ic a
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lose
ly ti
...
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251. Appropriate for female
patients, but not male patients
2. Only applicable to research settings, not therapy settings
3. Based on large groups, not individual cases
4. Unscientific and unverifiable
5. Too closely tied to behavioristic thought
B.F. Skinner introduced this idea to the paradigm of psychology:
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nforc
emen
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ense
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Intro
spec
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1. Unconscious thinking
2. Reinforcement
3. Conditioning
4. Defense mechanisms
5. Introspection
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John Watson relied on the pioneering work of this man in establishing behaviorism as an approach to psychology:
B.F
. Ski
nner
Wilh
elm
Wundt
Will
iam
Jam
es
Ivan
Pav
lov
Sig
mun
d Fre
ud
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1. B.F. Skinner
2. Wilhelm Wundt
3. William James
4. Ivan Pavlov
5. Sigmund Freud
A therapist who says that she uses whatever psychological perspective “works best” for each patient might be best described as:
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Hum
anis
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Ecl
ectic
Psy
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ic
Funct
ional
ist
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1. Social-cultural
2. Humanist
3. Eclectic
4. Psychoanalytic
5. Functionalist
Which of the following psychologists would describe himself as being humanist?
B.F
. Ski
nner
Will
iam
Jam
es
Abra
ham M
aslo
w
John W
atso
n
Ivan
Pav
lov
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1. B.F. Skinner
2. William James
3. Abraham Maslow
4. John Watson
5. Ivan Pavlov
Symbolic dream analysis might be an important research technique to a psychologist from which of the following perspectives?
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avio
rist
Bio
psych
ologis
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choa
nalyt
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lutio
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ctur
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1. Behaviorist
2. Biopsychologist
3. Psychoanalytic
4. Evolutionary
5. Structuralist
Behaviorists explain human thought and behavior as a result of:
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t con
dition.
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nscio
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ural s
elec
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ro...
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vidual
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1. Past conditioning
2. Unconscious behavioral impulses
3. Natural selection
4. Biological processes
5. Individual choice
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Dr. Didden was hired by the TLC Company to help them retain their employees without lowering the firm’s profits. After TLC removed cubicles and permitted employees to decorate their workroom as recommended by Dr. Didden, the absentee rate declined and no employees left for jobs elsewhere. Dr. Didden is most likely to be:
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rens
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dustria
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ounselin
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linic
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sy...
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nginee
ring...
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251. A forensic psychologist
2. An industrial/organizational psychologist
3. A counseling psychologist
4. A clinical psychologist
5. An engineering psychologist
Which psychological approach is most concerned with the importance of encoding, storing, and retrieving information?
Info
rmat
ion
te...
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1. Information technology
2. Behavioral approach
3. Psychodynamic approach
4. Biological approach
5. Cognitive approach
The question “Is intelligence more influenced by heredity or experience?” deals with a big issue in psychology known as:
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bility
vs.
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d-body
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ional
ity v
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ctur
e vs
. ...
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ure v
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ur...
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1. Stability vs. Change
2. Mind-body dualism
3. Rationality vs. Irrationality
4. Structure vs. function
5. Nature vs. nurture
If Aristotle and Locke, who both believed that what we know is acquired from experience, were alive today, they would best agree with the:
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1. Behavioral approach
2. Psychoanalytic approach
3. Humanistic approach
4. Biological approach
5. Psychodynamic approach
With which definition of psychology would John Watson and B.F. Skinner most agree?
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251. Psychology is the science of
behavior
2. Psychology is the science of mental processes
3. Psychology is the science of behavior and mental processes
4. Psychology is the science of behavior and mental processes specific to contexts
5. Psychology is purely research based
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The evolutionary approach emphasizes changes in behavior:
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ulting
from
...
Res
ulting
from
...
On th
e sp
ecie
s...
With
in c
ultu
ra...
That
show h
ow ..
.
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251. Resulting from cloning
2. Resulting from changes in chromosome number
3. On the species level
4. Within cultural groups
5. That show how behavior of monkeys compares to behavior or people
Which of the following types of approaches is used by the greatest number of clinical psychologists in the United States?
Ecl
ectic
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chod
ynam
ic
Hum
anis
tic
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nt-cen
tere
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tem
atic
des
...
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1. Eclectic
2. Psychodynamic
3. Humanistic
4. Client-centered
5. Systematic desensitization
Dr. Hernandez believes that poverty lies at the root of most of her inner-city clients’ mental illnesses. This perspective is best labeled:
Hum
anis
tic
Soci
ocultu
ral
Bio
med
ical
Cogni
tive
Beh
avio
ral
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1. Humanistic
2. Sociocultural
3. Biomedical
4. Cognitive
5. Behavioral
In the nature vs. nurture debate, nature is most closely associated with:
Envi
ronm
ent
Cultu
re
Lea
rnin
g
Tem
peram
ent
Fam
ily
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1. Environment
2. Culture
3. Learning
4. Temperament
5. Family
What makes the psychoanalytic perspective different from the other psychological perspectives?
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251. Psychoanalysts focus on the
unconscious mind
2. Psychoanalysis relies on the scientific method
3. The process of psychoanalysis takes a long time and is focused on individuals, not groups
4. The research psychoanalysis is based on primarily involves people with psychological disorders
5. Psychoanalysis is the only perspective to involve treatment of psychological disorders
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