ch. 10 forces
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ForcesTRANSCRIPT
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Ch. 10
Forces
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Forces
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What is a force
• When you ride a bike, your foot pushes against the pedal. The push makes the wheels of the bike move.
• When you drop something, it is pulled to the ground by gravity.
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What is a force
• Is a push or a pull. • a force is described by a push or a pull in
particular direction. • Forces are measured in Newton. • Named after Isaac Newton. • You exert one Newton of force when lifting a
lemon. • What SI unit measure forces?
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Forces
• Can make objects move• Can make objects move faster• Can make objects move slower• Can make objects stop moving• Can make objects change direction• Can make objects change shape
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Combining forces
• Often, more than a single force acts on an object at one time.
• A combination of forces on an object is called the net force.
• When forces that act in the same direction, the net force can be found by adding the strengths of the individual forces.
• When forces act in opposite directions, they also combine to produce a net force. (subtract)
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Combining Forces
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Unbalanced Forces
• Whenever there is a net force acting on an object, the forces are unbalanced.
• These forces can cause an object to start moving, stop moving, or change direction.
• Top is balanced• Bottom is unbalanced
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Balanced Forces
• Equal forces are acting on one object in opposite directions are called balanced forces.
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Answer the following Questions
Find the Net Force?
1. 2. 3. 4.
5 N 3 N
10 N 10 N
5 N 32 N 5 N
10N5N
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Section 2 Friction and Gravity
• Friction is the force that two surfaces exert on each other when they rub together.
• The strength of the force of friction depends on two factors.
How hard they push together and they type of surfaces involved.
A smooth surface is much easier to slide on.
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Friction
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Gravity
• A force that pulls two objects towards each other.
• Two factors that affect gravity1.Mass- the more mass the greater the
gravitational pull. 2.Distance- the farther apart two objects are the
less gravitational pull.
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Gravity
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Section 3
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Newton’s 1st law of motionor law of inertia
• An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object at a constant velocity will stay at a constant velocity unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
• Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist motion.
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Newton’s 2nd law
• Acceleration depends on the object’s mass on the net force acting on the object.
• Acceleration=net force/ mass• Net force = mass X acceleration
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Calculate
• A speedboat pulls a 55 kg water skier. The force causes the skier to accelerate at 2.0 meters per second per second. Calculate the net force that causes this acceleration.