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TRANSCRIPT
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Pacific Theater
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1. Philippines
• The islands were an important US base• US General there was Douglas MacArthur• MacArthur was ordered to leave because it
looked like the Japanese were going to win
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• People left behind ran low on supplies• They surrendered to Japanese on April 9, 1942
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Bataan Death March
• They were forced to march over 100 miles to prison camp
• Death estimates range from 7,000 – 10,000
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2. Doolittle raid
• Led by Jimmy Doolittle• Aircraft carrier got to within 700 miles of
Japan• 16 bombers dropped bombs over Tokyo• Caused Japan to split their force of aircraft
carriers
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3. Battle of the Coral Sea
• First sea battle where all the fighting was done by airplanes
• Stopped the Japanese advance toward Australia
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4. Midway Island
• The Japanese code had been cracked and the Americans were ready
• Stopped the Japanese sea offensive
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5. Iwo Jima
• Led by Admiral Chester Nimitz• Important because it could be
an emergency stop for Americans
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6. Okinawa
• Last obstacle before reaching Japanese mainland
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• Kamikaze fighting – pilots who deliberately tried to crash their planes into an enemy ship
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Manhattan Project
• Try to make a uranium bomb before the Germans did
• Set up a secret city near Knoxville, Tennessee called Oak Ridge
• Trial bomb was set off in New Mexico on July 16, 1945
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• FDR dies of a stroke and Harry Truman is new president
• Thought it better to use the bomb than to waste hundreds of thousands of lives
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Potsdam Declaration
• Major powers of the world met and demanded that Japan surrender unconditionally
• Japan refused
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• On August 6, 1945 the bomber Enola Gay bombed Hiroshima
• The US asked Japan to surrender• They refused
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• On August 9, 1945 the US dropped another bomb on Nagasaki
• The next day Japan surrendered
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• War “officially” ended onboard the US ship Missouri where MacArthur met with two of the emperor’s representatives
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