ch 26 identification practice. portuguese man-o-war colonial cnidarain
TRANSCRIPT
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Ch 26 Identification Practice
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Portuguese Man-o-WarColonial Cnidarain
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ElephantiasisCaused bya parasitic roundworm
- filaria
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Crown Jellyfish - medusa -
Cnidarian
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Marine Flatworm Platyhelminthes - showing
bilateral symmetery
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RoundwormsRoundworms areare
EVERYWHEREEVERYWHERE!!!!NematodaNematoda
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Platyhelminthes (flatworms)- have simple organs and exhibit
simple cephalizationPlanarian (left) showing it’s ocelli (eyespots) and marine flatworm
(right)
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Soft Coral PolypsCnidarian - showing radial
symmetry
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c. Proglottid - flatworm (Platyhelminthes - Tapeworm
• Platyhelminthes (flatworms) are the first animals on the phylogenetic tree that have simple organs. They have very primitive “brains” in their “heads”-called cephalization
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a. Sac Body Plan – only one opening for food to enter and
wastes to exitPlanarian on left
(Platyhelminthes) and Hydra on the right (Cnidaria)• What do these
animals have in common?
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Roundworm infectionHeartworm
Guinea Worms - Break out of skin when mature
Parastic Roundworms
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Acoelomates (left), Pseudocoelomates(right), and
Coelomates(middle)
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Hydra - a polyp cnidarian - may be showing budding the
the bottom right corner
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• Found in the tropics• Nearly ¼ of the
population are infected with hookworm
• The eggs hatch and develop outside the body of the host
• Burrow into un-protected skin (often the feet) and enter the blood stream
• Travel from the lungs up to the pharynx and are swallowed
• They dig into the intestinal wall and suck the blood of the host
• cause weakness and poor growth
Hookworm
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Sea anemones (polyp Cnidaria)
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Regeneration - asexual repro.Exhibited by
Planaria (PlatyhelminthesFlatworm
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Sexual
Reproduction of a Jellyfish - is a
medusa Cnidarian (adult) - shows
sperm, egg, planula swimming larva (with bilateral symmetry), the young and then
budding polyp stage, and the adult medusa
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Sea Anemones - a polyp, sessile Cnidarian
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Clownfish and Sea Anemone – symbiotic relationship –tentacles protect clown fish from predators, clownfish protects tentacles from being
eaten
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Trends in Animal Evolution - Body Plans
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Sea anemones
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Platyhelminthes - planaria top right and left, marine flatworm bottom
right
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`Tapeworm (a parasitic Flatworm) Life cycle
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PoriferaSea
Sponge
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A Polyp Cnidarian - showing itsnerve net
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Acoelomate - exhibited by Platyhelminthes (Planaria top
left)
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Planaria - Pharynx Protruded (ready to eat)(Platyhelminthes - Flatworm)
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• Parasitic Flatworm -
• You can tell because this is not really a mouth - it is just a “hook” to stick to the intestinal wall
• Deceiving because it looks round
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loaded
Discharged
What is this?
NemaotcystOf a Cnidarian’sStinging Tentacles
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Flatworm showing its
nervous system (you can just see
the two ventral nerve cords)
and the gastrovascular cavity (larger
branching network)
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Blood Flukes -
• Parasitic flatworm• Have two different hosts
in their life cycle• Found in tropical areas• Female lives inside the
male in a groove• Often kills human host
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Nematocysts - on the stinging tentacles of Cnidaria
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• Blood Fluke life cycle - parasitic flatworm - snail is intermediate host - often kill human host
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• Trichinella worm CYSTS - Parasitic Roundworm (but very difficult to tell the difference between this and tapeworm (a flatworm) cysts)
• Food or water contaminated with eggs is ingested by an intermediate host (cow, pig, fish)
• Larvae from eggs burrow into muscle tissue of host and create a cyst
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Asexual Reproduction - budding - Hydra - a Polyp
Cnidarian
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Tapeworms showing proglottids and the scolex
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Anatomy of a Roundworm• Simplest animals with a digestive system with two
openings – a mouth and an anus• Have several ganglia-groups of nerves-but lack a brain• Muscles run in strips along the length of the body walls• Breath and excrete their metabolic wastes through their body
walls
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Parasitic Roundworm
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Top - Pseudocoelomates,shown by roundworms
• Bottom is comparing acoeloms, pseudocoeloms and coeloms
mesoderm
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Trends in Animal Evolution - Symmetry
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• Sponges! (Porifera carcasses!)
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Trends in Animal Evolution – Cephalization - flatworm on
left, Roundworm on right