ch. 27-modernism in architecture, art and music—section 2
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Ch. 27-Modernism in Architecture, Art and Music—section 2. Constant experimentation and a search for new kinds of expression Strange and disturbing Great artistic eras/. Architecture and Design. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Ch. 27-Modernism in Architecture, Ch. 27-Modernism in Architecture, Art and Music—section 2Art and Music—section 2
Constant experimentation and a search for new kinds of expression
Strange and disturbing Great artistic eras/
Architecture and DesignArchitecture and Design
Modernism-A label given to the artistic and cultural movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which were typified by radical experimentation that challenged traditional forms of artistic expressionism.
Transform the physical framework of urban society
Chicago School of architects-Louis Sullivan Frank Lloyd Wright-radically modern
houses/
Architecture and DesignArchitecture and Design
Functionalism-The principle that buildings, like industrial products, should serve as well as possible the purpose for which they were made.
Le Courbusier 1887-1965 “a house is a
machine for living in” (pg. 861)
Towards a New Architecture Adopt latest
technologies
International style/
Frank Lloyd Wright: Fallingwater,43 miles (69 km) southeast of Pittsburgh
Architecture and DesignArchitecture and Design
Walter Gropius 1887-1965 Founded the
Bauhaus school Working together
as a team Stress
functionalism and good design
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe 1886-1969 Director of
Bauhaus Escaped from Nazi
Germany Skyscrapers!
Bauhaus-A German interdisciplinary school of fineand applied arts that brought together many leading architects, designers, and theatrical innovators. (pg. 862-863)
New Artistic MovementsNew Artistic Movements
Increasingly abstract Break down into
Lines Shapes Colors
Whole culture emerged with new techniques Became political
Avant-garde artists=communism Many moved to US after WWII/
Impressionism
Early modernist movement Paris Portray sensory “impressions” in their work
and capture fleeting moments of color and light in often blurry images
Looked to world around them Turned back on traditional themes Capturing a fleeting moment was more
important than detail!/
Claude Monet
1840-1926--Sunrise
Edgar Degas
1834-1917 The Dance class
Mary Cassat--Child’s Bath
1844-1926 American
Postimpressionists and Expressionists
Added a deep psychological element Search within self to find inner most
feelings/
Vincent van Gogh-built on impressionist motifs of color & light, but added an attempt to search ones inner feelings
1953-1890—Starry Night
Gustav Klimt-abstract works rooted in emotion, in this case love & sensuality
1862-1918—The Kiss
Cubism
Highly analytical approach to art concentrated on a complex geometry of lines and angled, overlapping planes./
Pablo Picasso
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon.
Girl with mandolin
Picasso--Guernica
Dadaism—pg. 864 pic Launched during WWI Attacked all familiar standards of art and delighted in
outrageous behavior “anti-art” If life is meaningless, so is the meaning of art “Dada is the international expression of our times, the
great rebellion of artistic movements…Blast the bloodless abstraction of expressionism!” –Richard Huelsenbeck—pg. 865
Often artists wrote manifesto’s Richard Huelsenbeck’s Collective Dada Manifesto-
1920/
Surrealism
Influenced by Freudian Psychology
Portrayed images of the unconscious/
Salvador Dali
1904-1989 Metamorphosis of Narcissus-pg. 865
Salvador Dalí
The Persistence of Memory
Modern Music
Express emotional intensity in radically experimental forms
Modernism flourished in opera and ballet
Arranged sounds without creating recognizable harmonies
Did not begin to win acceptance until WWII/
Igor Stravinsky
1882-1971 Russian born
composer Ballet- Rite of
Spring(pg. 866) Caused near riot in
premiere in 1913 in Paris
Fertility rite on stage=pornographic/
Alban Berg
1885-1935 Composer Opera- Wozzek
Half-sung/Half spoken dialogue
Atonal music Depicted a soldier
driven by inner terrors to murder his mistress/
Arnold Schonberg
1874-1951 Viennese composer Broke with tonality
“twelve-tone”-all 12 tones of the scale were arranged in a n abstract mathematical pattern only observable by those who were educated and looking at musical score./
An Emerging Consumer Society
1918-1939 Consumption Leisure time- commercial
entertainment/
Mass Culture
New Consumer Culture Goods produced inexpensively and in many
quantities, easily transported to national markets Marketed through professional advertising
Leisure time Housework Travel Department Stores/
Impact
Consumption helped democratize Western society
Break social barriers Reinforce social differences/
“New Woman”
Surprisingly independent female who could: Vote Hold a job Fashionable Makeup Smoke Use sex appeal
Inspired by the fact that consumer culture was transforming the lives of many young women.
Stereotype to sell manufactured goods./
Critics
Left: Socialist writers Consumer culture
was undermining working-class radicalism
Right: Conservatives Destroyed the
livelihood of traditional artisans
Undermined proud national traditions
Religious Leaders:
•argued that it encouraged individualism and materialism
•destroyed morals and undermined spirituality./
Appeal to Cinema
Development First in US-1880 1910- “Movie factories”-LA and New York European nations establish their own Distraction and propaganda/
Gaumont Palace in Paris..largest cinema in the world (pg. 870)
Golden Age of Silent Film
1920s US and European studios
Germany’s Universal Film Company (UFA)
Theaters to seat thousands
APPEAL by 1920s: increasing 20-25% take in at least one movie a week./
Propaganda
Indoctrination tools Soviets and Nazis Sergei Eisenstein
1898-1948 Propaganda for Russians
Leni Riefenstahl 1902-2003 Triumph of the Will
1934 Nazi Party rally in Nuremberg/
The Arrival of Radio
1880s US and Britain major broadcast in the
1920s. BBC-National Broadcasting Networks Direct government in Europe Private ownership in United States/
Guglielmo Marconi
BBC
Radio and Propaganda
Platform for political speeches Roosevelt and British Prime Minister
Baldwin used informal “fireside chats” for support
Hitler and Mussolini controlled airways and speeches./