ch 38 circulatory system ap lecture 4 chamber heart is double pump = separates oxygen-rich &...
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Ch 38 Circulatory System
AP Lecture
4 chamber heart is double pump = separates oxygen-rich & oxygen-poor blood; maintains high pressure
What’s the adaptive value of a 4 chamber heart?
2 3 4
low pressureto body
low O2
to body
high pressure & high O2
to body
Background Function: transport gases,
hormones, blood, nutrients, ect.
Parts Heart- muscular pump Blood – fluid Blood vessels – conduits of fluid
Open Circulatory System Fluid leaves the vessels and bathes the tissues then returns back to the heart Ex: arthropods and mollusks
Closed Circulatory System
Blood vessels keep fluids contained Ex: annelids and vertebrates
Mammal Heart Arteries- carry blood away from
the heart Stronger; endure more pressure
Veins – carry blood back to heart Assisted by gravity and skeletal
muscle Capillaries- thin walled;
exchange between blood and interstitial fluid
Blood vesselsarteries
arterioles
capillaries
venules
veins
artery
arteriolesvenules
veins
4 chambered heart Pulmonary – lungs Systemic – body
Movement in mammal heart
1. Blood from the body enters the right atrium via vena cavae (oxygen poor)
2. Blood enters the right ventricle through the atrioventicular (AV) valve (oxygen poor)
3. Right ventricle pumps blood through pulmonary artery to the lung (poor oxygen)
4. Bloods moves from lung to left atrium via pulmonary vein (oxygen rich)
5. Blood moves into the left ventricle via the AV valve (oxygen rich)
6. Left ventricle pumps blood to body through aorta (oxygen rich)
Mammaliancirculation
What do blue vs. red areas represent?What do blue vs. red areas represent?
pulmonary
systemic
systemic
http://bio-animations.blogspot.com/2008/04/human-heart-how-it-pumps.html
Cardiac Cycle Systole – ventricle contracts
Which means the AV valves close “lub”
Diastole – ventricle relaxes
Which means the aortic and pulmonary valves close “dub”
Measurement of blood pressure
High Blood Pressure (hypertension) if top number (systolic pumping) > 120 if bottom number (diastolic filling) > 80
AV
SL
AV
Blood Cells suspended in plasma
RBC (erythrocytes) WBC (leukocytes) Platelets- blood clotting
Lymphatic System Collects excess fluid and returns it to the blood Lymph nodes- produce and house lymphocytes that fight pathogens in the lymph fluid
Lymph system
Production & transport of WBCs
Traps foreign invaders
lymph node
lymph vessels(intertwined amongst blood vessels)