Ch. 6: The American Revolution

*British debt after the French and

Indian War*Tax acts passed by Great Britain

angered many colonists and “no

taxation without representation”

became a rallying cry.*Boston Massacre

*Boston Tea Party

*Battles of Lexington and Concord*Battle of Bunker Hill

*Declaration of Independence

Boston Massacre

Battle of Bunker Hill

Too Late to Apologize Song

Boston Tea PartyLexington and Concord

Your Assignment…

Complete the EdPuzzle video, Was the American Revolution, a Revolution?.

Bell Work…In your groups, make a list of pros and cons of a nation going to war.

Consider the financial and human costs of war.

How might war affect a country’s relations with other nations

Imagine that you are colonial leaders debating whether to go to war against Great Britain. Suggest some pros and cons for the colonies if they should decide to

wage war against Britain.

Patriots like me want

independence from Great Britain!

Tories like me are sometimes called

Loyalists because we remain loyal to Great

Britain and don’t support

independence.

*The Congress met in Philadelphia during

the war as the acting national government

*Relied on states to send contributions to

pay for military supplies and

soldiers’ wages

*Issued paper

money, but it

was worthless

*In 1778, it

formalized an

alliance with

France

I am honored to be chosen as the commander of the colonial army. May I have some money to pay my men and buy supplies?

George Washington Becomes Army Commander Video

*Fighting a war across the

Atlantic Ocean*Common for soldiers to

desert

*Fighting in unfamiliar territory

*Largest navy in the world

*Professional soldiers*Had the infrastructure to

produce weapons and

supplies

*Inexperienced military

*Politically disorganized

*Determination to win

*Knew the land (home field advantage)

*George

Washington

*Baron von

Steuben

*Marquis de

Lafayette

*Horatio Gates

*Nathanael

Greene

*Ethan Allen

*Nathan Hale

*Benedict

Arnold

*King George

III

*Charles

Cornwallis

*William Howe

*John Burgoyne

*Thomas Gage

*Joseph Brant

Benedict Arnold

Baron von Steuben

Lafayette

George Washington

Nathanael Greene

Nathan Hale

King George III

Cornwallis

Joseph Brant

American Strengths• Patriots fought for their lives, their property, and their political ideals

• Many civilians actively supported the Revolution. Patriots used many techniques to rally popular support. Rebellion broke out across the continent.

• American generals learned from their mistakes. Washington inspired loyalty and patriotism in his troops.

• France supplied money and troops. France and Spain weakened British forces by expanding the war. The Dutch helped carry French military supplies to the Americans.

• Americans fought close to home; the militia made sure that the British could not live off the land.

• Although Americans had fewer troops, local militia helped swell American forces. Altogether, 250,000 may have fought for the Patriot cause.

British Weaknesses• The British and their Hessian mercenaries fought merely for pay.

• The British were unprepared for a popular uprising. There was no widespread support for the war in Britain.

• British generals were overconfident and disunited, their efforts often uncoordinated.

• No allies. As more European countries turned against Britain, the British were forced to fight many enemies.

• Orders from London might take months to reach America. The British were also forced to transport food and supplies over 3,000 miles of ocean.

• By 1781, the British army had around 54,000 troops fighting rebel forces.

Mercenary- hired soldier

The Continental Army

1. Local militia made up a key part of the Patriot forces

2. Continental Congress established the Continental Army

3. Recruit- to enlist in the military

4. Women of the Revolution included: Margaret Corbin, Mary Ludwig Hays McCauley, Molly Pitcher, and Deborah Sampson

Your Task…

Interactive Whiteboard Activity:

Image: The Liberty Bell

Image: The Continental Army

Slideshow: Women of the Revolution

Your Assignment…

Begin working on the American Revolution Menu Project.

Bell Work…

Copy and answer the following question into your notebook:

How did the two sides in the American Revolution differ?

*BATTLE OF TRENTON (Dec. 26, 1776) -Washington’s surprise attack on the British

hired Hessian soldiers was an American

victory that boosted morale, the Americans then wintered in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania

*BATTLE OF SARATOGA (Sept. 19 - Oct. 7,

1777) - An American victory that resulted in

the French openly supporting the Americans in the war

*BATTLE OF YORKTOWN (Sept. 28 - Oct. 19,

1781) - British General Cornwallis surrendered to the Americans basically ending the war

Battle of Saratoga

Yorktown

Battle of Trenton

Defeats and Victories

1. Continental Army suffered many defeats at beginning of war

2. Tried to capture Canada and make it the 14th Colony

3. In NY, British soldiers slowly drove Patriots out of the area and into NJ

4. Battle of Trenton- Revolutionary War battle in NJ in which Patriot forces captured more than 900 Hessian troops

5. Battle of Saratoga- Revolutionary War battle in NY that resulted in a major defeat of British troops

Inflation- when it takes more and more money to buy the same amount of goods

Your Task…

Complete the following chart while you read Lesson 6.2: The War Continues, pg. 152-157.

Lesson 6.2: The War Continues

Gaining Allies Life on the Home Front

How did America gain allies? What was life like on the home front during the

American Revolution?

Winter at Valley Forge Problems in the Economy

New Ways of Thinking

Foreigners Help on the Battlefield Questioning Slavery

Treatment of Loyalists

How did Lafayette help the Patriot cause? How were Loyalists treated by the Patriots during

the war?

Your Task…

Interactive Whiteboard Activity:

Primary Source: The Winter at Valley Forge

Your Assignment…

Continue working on the Revolutionary War Menu Project.

Bell Work…

Copy and answer the following question into your notebook:

Who were the key European allies of the Patriots?

Fighting in the West

1. Most Native American tribes sided with the British

2. American settlements west of Appalachian Mts. were raided

3. Patriot forces captured Kaskaskia (British post, Vincennes (British town) and surprised British troops to force their surrender

Blockade- measure that keeps ships from entering or leaving a harbor

Privateer- privately owned ship outfitted with weapons

War in the South

1. Great Britain switched their war efforts to win the South

2. British soldiers destroyed crops, farm animals, and other property

3. Georgia fell under British control and a new colonial gov’t was put into place there

4. Patriots tried to drive the British out of SC

5. Guerrilla Warfare- hit and run attacks

Your Assignment…

Continue working on the Revolutionary War Menu Project.

Bell Work…

Copy and answer the following question into your notebook:

What happened during the British campaign in the South?

Battle of Yorktown- last major battle of the Revolutionary War

Siege- attempt to force surrender by blocking the movement of people or goods into or out of a place

Treaty of Paris of 1783- peace agreement that officially ended the Revolutionary War and established British recognition of the independence of the United States

Ambush- an attack in which the attacker hides and surprises the enemy

Your Task…

Complete the Guided Reading Activity as we read Lesson 6.4: The Final Years, pg. 164-169.

*British

recognized the

sovereignty

and

independence

of the United

States with

generous

boundaries

from the Great

Lakes to the

Mississippi River

to Spanish

FloridaAmerican Revolution in 9 Minutes

Your Assignment…

Complete the American Revolution Menu Project.