ch12 the internert & mm

Chapter No:12

The Internet And MultimediaPresented On:24 April 2015 Presented By:12bs(cs)02

12bs(cs)03

Agenda

Origin Of Internet

Internetworking

Internet Addresses

IP Addresses and Data Packets

Connections

Bandwidth bottleneck

Internet Services

MIME Type

The World Wide Web and HTML

Multimedia on the web

Tools for the World Wide Web24 April

2015

2 The Internet And Multimedia

Origin Of Internet

The Internet was created by the Advanced

Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the U.S.

Defense Department, when the first node of the

ARPANET was installed at the University of

California at Los Angeles in September 1969.

By the mid-1970s, the ARPANET “inter-network”

embraced more than 30 universities, military sites,

and government contractors, and its user base

expanded to include the larger computer science

research community

Commercial use of the Internet began in 1992

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Internetworking

A computer network is a set of different computers

connected together using networking devices such

as switches and hubs. To enable communication,

each individual network node or segment is

configured with similar protocol or communication

logic, which usually is TCP/IP. When a network

communicates with another network having the

same or compatible communication procedures, it is

known as Internetworking

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Example : Internetworking

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Internet Addresses

An Internet address is a series of unique numbers

that identifies a computer connected to the Internet.

Every computer that gets online has an Internet

address

Also known as IP and URL

Alternate Spellings: internet address

Examples: "This website's Internet address is

168.119.955.2”

There are two major types of addresses on the

Internet. One is a person's e-mail address, and the

other is a Web site address, which is known as a

URL24 April

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IP Addresses And Data Packets

When a stream of data is sent over the Internet by

your computer, it is first broken down into packets by

the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). Each

packet includes the address of the receiving

computer, a sequence number (“this is packet #5”),

error correction information, and a small piece of

your data. After a packet is created by TCP, the

Internet Protocol (IP) then takes over and actually

sends the packet to its destination along a route that

may include many other computers acting as

forwarders. TCP/IP is two important Internet

protocols working in concert

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Connections

To connect to the Internet, a computer or network

needs

A data connection to a server

Wireless or land line

Usually need an account with the server

TCP/IP software

Internet software includes e-mail programs, Web

browsers, FTP software etc

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Bandwidth is a measure of how much data,

expressed in bit per second (bps), you can send

from one computer to another in a given amount of

time

Users with slow connections will have a difficult time

using multimedia over the Internet

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Example : Bandwidth bottleneck

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To accommodate low-bandwidth users

Compress data when possible

Take advantage of the browser’s cache

Design for download efficiency

don’t use greater color depth than what isabsolutely necessary or leave extra spacearound the edges

Design alternate sites for low- and high-bandwidthusers

Consider using streaming technology

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Internet Services

The Internet means the World Wide Web. But theWeb is only the latest and most popular of servicesavailable today on the Internet. E-mail; file transfer;discussion groups and newsgroups; real-timechatting by text, voice, and video; and the ability tolog into remote computers are common as well

In the case of the Internet, daemons supportprotocols such as

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) for the WorldWide Web

Post Office Protocol (POP) for e-mail

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) for exchanging files

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)—for example,http://www .timestream.com/index.html

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MIME Type

MIME stands for Multi-purpose Internet Mail

Extensions. MIME types form a standard way of

classifying file types on the Internet. Internet

programs such as Web servers and browsers all

have a list of MIME types, so that they can transfer

files of the same type in the same way, no matter

what operating system they are working in

A MIME type has two parts: a type and a subtype.

They are separated by a slash (/). For example, the

MIME type for Microsoft Word files is application

and the subtype is msword. Together, the complete

MIME type is application/msword

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Example: MIME Type

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The World Wide Web and HTML The World Wide Web started in 1989 at the European

Particle Physics Laboratory (CERN) as a “distributed

collaborative hypermedia information system”

This new Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) provided

rules for a simple transaction between two computers on

the Internet consisting of

(1)establishing a connection

(2) requesting that a document be sent

(3)sending the document

(4) closing the connection

It also required a simple document format called

Hypertext

Markup Language (HTML) for presenting structured text

mixed

with inline images

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Multimedia On The Web

Everyone wants a web site that is as active and

dynamic as television or a CD-ROM program that

plays in your computer. Buttons should visually and

audibly click; visitors should be greeted with music;

dazzling images should appear and disappear on the

screen

There are four major ways of adding animation to a

web page: server push, Shockwave, Java and GIF

animation

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Tools for the World Wide Web

Web Server

The functioning of the Web involves communication

between a server computer and a client computer

A Web server is a computer that delivers a file when

a

client computer sends a request

Web servers vary in strength and capacity for a

variety of

platforms meeting the HTTP requirements

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Web Browsers

Web browsers are applications that run on the client

side

(user’s PC) on the Internet

They provide an interactive graphical interface

This interface is used for searching, finding, and

viewing

text documents, sounds, and multimedia resources

on the

Web

Web browsers differ in features, performance, and

cost

Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, and Mozilla

Firefox are

example of Web browsers24 April

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Search Engines

Search engines are programs that search

documents for specified keywords and returns a list

of the documents where the keywords were found.

A search engine is really a general class of

programs, however, the term is often used to

specifically describe systems like Google, Bing and

Yahoo! Search that enable users to search for

documents on the World Wide Web

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Web Page Makers and Site Builders

To deliver multimedia on the Web, you should knowsome

HTML HTML documents are simple ASCII text files withoutany

formatting Professional web page developers often use word

processor to edit their pages HTML editors and web page-making applicationsoffer to

shortcut HTML learning curves and working effort Active Server Pages, ColdFusion, or PHP are theprogramming environments needed for building

dynamicsites

HTML translators are built into many word processingprograms

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Web Page Makers And Site Builders

HTML translators export a word-processed

document with its text styles and layout converted

into HTML tags

Many HTML editors and Web page-making

applications offer to shortcut HTML learning curves

and working effort

Dedicated editors are usually WYSIWYG (What You

See Is What You Get) word processors

Microsoft FrontPage provides WYSIWYG support for

many of the latest HTML formatting extensions

It also provides extensive Web site management

support through its FrontPage extensions24 April

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Plug-ins And Delivery

Plug-ins allow end users to view and interact with

new

types of documents and images

Helper applications (or players) display or run files

downloaded from the Internet

Common media types such as text, image, sound,

animation, and video use plug-ins to help them

display the

additional content on the WebText

Text and document plug-ins overcome the displaylimitations of HTML and Web browsers Adobe Acrobat provides special fonts and graphicimages embedded as data into the file 24 April

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Images

Most browsers read only bitmapped JPEG, GIF,

and

PNG image files

Plug-ins that enable the viewing of vector formats

(such as Flash) are useful

Vector graphics are device-independent. An

image is

displayed at the correct size and with colors

supported

by the computer

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Sound Digitized sound files in MP3, WAV, AIF, or AU

formats

may be sent and played on a user’s computer

from

Internet

MIDI sound files are more compact, but they

depend

upon the computer’s MIDI setup for quality

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Animation and Video

The most data-intense multimedia elements are

video

streams containing images and synchronized

sound

Video streams are commonly packaged as

Apple’s

QuickTime, Microsoft’s Video for Windows (AVI),

and

as MPEG files

The trade-off between bandwidth and quality is

ever

present when designing, developing, and

delivering

animations or motion video for the Web

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References

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The Internet And Multimedia 26

[Tay_Vaughan] Multimedia Making Its Work Eight

Edition

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2015

The Internet And Multimedia 27

THANK YOU

ch12 the internert & mm

Education

internet addressexamples

internet addressalso

websites internet address

internet protocol ip

internet protocol suite

origin of internetthe

important internet protocols

research network