ch13&14
TRANSCRIPT
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CHAPTER 13&14 Lifecycle Nutrition
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Preparing for Pregnancy
Mother is Underweight
Infant is Underweight
Poor Future Health
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Preparing for Pregnancy
Mother is Underweight
Infant is Underweight
Poor Future Health
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Preparing for Pregnancy
Low
Birt
h W
eigh
tLower IQ
Short Stature
40X more likely to die 1st year
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Preparing for Pregnancy
Hig
h Bi
rth
Wei
ght
Larger size
2X more likely to have NTD
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Folate deficiency
Abnormal spinal cord
development
Neural Tube Defect
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Spinal Bifida Abnormal spinal cord development Neural Tube Defect
Anencephaly
Spinal Bifida
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Calcium Absorption
Doubles
During Pregnancy
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Fetus needs a store of iron for the first 3-6 months of life
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Fetus needs a store of iron for the first 3-6 months of life
Supplementation is recommended
BMJ 2013 Jun 21; 346:f3443
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FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
Irreversible brain damage
Growth retardation
Mental retardation
Facial abnormalities
Vision abnormalities
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OK?
Pregnancy
AlcoholModerate
British Medical Journal, June 2013
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Got Breast Milk?
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Carbohydrate
Lactose
Easy to digest
Enhance Ca absorption
Lipids
Main energy source
EFAs
Protein
Easily digested
Lactoferrin - iron
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Vitamins
Vitamin C High
Vitamin DLow
Minerals
Ca highly absorbable
Low in sodium
High in zinc and iron
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Vitamin D
Supplementation recommended
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Iron
Infant Stores
Breast Milk
Supplements?
At 4-6 months, an exclusively breast fed infant is at risk of iron deficiency.
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Immune Factors
Anti-viral agents
Anti-bacterial agents
Less prone to GI disorders
Colostrum contains antibodies
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30% of American children eat fast food every day!
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Toddler Nutrient Needs
Protein
Carbs
Fiber
Fatty acids
Vitamins
Minerals
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Limit sat fat
Not a Low Fat Diet
Iron Deficiency
Behavior problems
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Food Allergy
Recognized as foreign
Immune response
Food Intolerance
Not an allergy
Unpleasant symptom
Food Aversion
Intense dislike
Grow out
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ADH
D3-5% of school
children
Inability to pay attention
Poor impulse control
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ADHDFood dyes?
Sugar?
Oils?
Salt?
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ADH
D o
r ?sugar
lack of sleep
poor diet
lack of exercise
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Too Little Too much
Soda
Solid fats
Processed foods
Fast food
Calcium
Iron
Teenagers
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• Recommendation stays the sameProtein
• Same: adequate amounts are important!Fiber
• AHA dietFat
• Recommendation decreasesVitamin A
• Recommendation increasesVitamin D
• Same: adequate hydration important!Water
• Recommendation decreases – iron status improves. Iron
• Recommendation increases – absorption decreasesCalcium
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THE
END