ch2 deck equipment

8/3/2019 CH2 Deck Equipment

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NS101 – Deck

Equipment



Enabling ObjectivesKnow the difference between rope and line

Know the composition of fiber, wire, and composite rope

Know common terms associated with line work

Know the various ladders found on a ship

Know the purpose of the six standard mooring lines used on naval vessels

Demonstrate the ability to draw and label the six standard mooring lines

Know and be able to identify various devices and fittings used to secure lines

Know the purpose of the line technique “dip the eye”

Know the components of a ship’s anchoring system

Know the components of the standard navy stockless anchor

Know the length of a standard navy shot and how to count them

Required Reading: Bluejacket’s Manual, 24th

edition, chapter 19



Mooring Lines

Used to secure the ship to a wharf, pier or another ship.

Breast lines - Run at right angles from the ship, control distance of ship from pier.

Aft spring lines - Tend aft from ship, control forward movement.

Forward spring lines - Tend forward from the ship, control aft movement.

Mooring Line Equipment

Rat guards - Shields secured around mooring

lines to prevent rats from coming aboard ships.

Chafing gear - Canvas or other material placed

around mooring lines to prevent wear.



#1 - Bow line#2 - Aft bow spring line

#3 - Forward bow spring line

#4 - Aft quarter spring line#5 - Forward quarter spring line

#6 - Stern line

1 3 4 5 62



Cleat - Consists of a double-ended pair of horns, used

for securing a line or wire.

Bitts - Pairs of heavy vertical cylinders, used for

making fast lines led through chocks.

Bollard - Strong cylindrical upright on a pier, about

which a mooring line is placed.

Chock - Heavy fitting with smooth surfaces through

which mooring lines are led.

Padeye - A metal plate with an “eye”, attached to the

deck to distribute a load over a large area.

Capstan - Separate vertical machinery units or part of

the anchor windlass around which lines are passed,

commonly used in mooring and anchoring evolutions.

Line Fittings and Holders



Dip the EyeWhen two mooring lines are placed on the same bollard, the

second one is led up through the first before being put over thebollard. This allows either to be cast off without moving the

other.



Common Line Terms

Small stuff - Line or rope less than 1 ¾ inches in circumference

Tattletale - Small, natural line spaced into a synthetic fiber mooring line to provide an indication

of the working load placed on the line

Hawser - Heavy line over five inches in circumference. Used for towing or mooring

Bight - A loop of line or chain

Bitter End - Free end of a length of line, wire chain or cable

Eye - Closed loop in the end of a line

Marlinspike - Tapered steel tool used in splicing wire

Fid - Tapered wood tool used in splicing lines

Coil - Lay down a line in circular turns on top of one another.

Flemish - Coil a line flat on deck

Fake down - Lay out a line in long, flat bights

Heaving line - Light weighted line thrown across to a pier or ship

Monkey fist - Knot at the end of a heaving line to provide weight

Shot line - Light nylon line used in a line gun



Jacob’s ladder - Rope ladder w/rungs rigged over

the side for temporary use.

Pilot’s ladder - Flexible portable ladder, usually

constructed of metal, sturdier than a Jacob’s

ladder.

Sea ladder - Rigid, portable ladder

that maybe rigged to the side of the

ship.

Accommodation ladder - Rigid, inclined ladder

rigged to the side of the ship to allow boarding of

a moored or anchored ship.

Shipboard Ladders



Rope and Line

Rope - general term that refers to both fiber and wire. It ismanufactured from fiber, wire, or a combination of the two.

Line – Rope that has been purposely sized, cut, spliced, or simply

assigned a function. Nautical term for all rope used aboard a ship.



Fiber Rope

Fashioned from natural or synthetic fibers. It is measured

by circumference.Natural: Synthetic: Aramid:

- manila - nylon - 4 strands kevlar

- cotton - polyester- hemp - polypropylene

Twisted Braided Plaited

Methods of creation



Natural vs. Synthetic

Synthetic line has higher breaking strength.

Synthetic line lasts longer. Natural line will decay.

Synthetic fiber lines slip more easily. Disadvantage: Poor gripwhen working fittings and holding knots

Synthetic lines stretch under load. Allows for elasticity underheavy load: WILL PART AND SNAPBACK UNDER TOO

MUCH LOAD.



Wire Rope

Basic unit of construction is the metal wire. Individual wires

are laid together to form strands, and strands are laid together

to form the wire rope. Measured by diameter.

Designated by:- number of strands per rope, and

- number of wires per strand.



Combination Rope

Six main strands of fiber

and wire rope laid around

a fiber core. Measured bydiameter



Anchoring Equipment

Anchoring



Ground Tackle

Collective name for anchoring equipment



Machinery below

the forecastle that

controls the capstan,

gypsy head, andwildcat

Anchor Windlass

Chain Locker –

Compartment below the

anchor windlass where

the chain is stored



Capstan and Wildcat

Together the capstan and wildcat pull the anchor chain up

from the chain locker. The wildcat “teeth” are also designed to

hold the chain in place when the brake is applied.



Housing

Stopper:

Closest to

Hawsepipe

Riding

Stopper:

Additional

stopper

Holds anchor chain in place

Chain Stopper



Types of Anchors



Parts of the Anchor



Detachable Link

Joins each shot of chain together



Anchor Chain

1 shot = 15 fathoms = 90 feet (1 fathom = 6 feet)

The chain is what keeps a ship in place due to its

weight, not the anchor

The length of chain you use will always be

5-7 times the depth of the water

Detachable link



Anchor Chain Markings

Shot # Color of # of White Turns

Detachable Adjacent of Link Links Wire

1 (15 fathoms)2 (30 fathoms)

3 (45 fathoms)

4 (60 fathoms)5 (75 fathoms)

6 (90 fathoms)

red 1 1white 2 2

blue 3 3

red 4 4white 5 5

blue 6 6



Detachable link: Red, White, Blue, Red . . .

Adjacent links: # white links on either side =# of shot

# of wire wraps are on outboard white links



3rd shot: W/W/W/B/W/W/W

Second to last shot: entirely yellow

Last shot: entirely red



Questions?

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