ch.2, sec.1 – spain claims an empire
DESCRIPTION
South America. North & Central America. Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire. Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire. - In A.D. 1493, Pope Alexander VI created an invisible line called the “Line of Demarcation”, which gave Portugal access to lands East of the line & Spain to the west. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070420/56815ed7550346895dcd7224/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire
South America North & Central America
![Page 2: Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070420/56815ed7550346895dcd7224/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire
- In A.D. 1493, Pope Alexander VI created an invisible line called the “Line of Demarcation”, which gave Portugal access to lands East of the line & Spain to the west
![Page 3: Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070420/56815ed7550346895dcd7224/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire
- In A.D. 1494, both countries signed the Treaty of Tordesillas, which moved the line 800 miles to the west, giving Portugal access to more lands
![Page 4: Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070420/56815ed7550346895dcd7224/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire
Spain and Portugal Compete
- after the Treaty of Tordesillas was signed, both countries increased their voyages of exploration
- European countries had three goals during their explorations: 1. spread Christianity beyond Europe
2. expand the size of their empires3. become wealthier countries
- Europeans used an economic system called mercantilism to allow colonies to help their empires become wealthier
![Page 5: Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070420/56815ed7550346895dcd7224/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire
mercantilism: an economic system in which nations increase their wealth and power by obtaining gold and silver, and by establishing a favorable balance of trade
Which nation becomes wealthier from this transaction?
Spain!
![Page 6: Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070420/56815ed7550346895dcd7224/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire
Europeans Explore Foreign Lands
- Amerigo Vespucci reached South America & realized it was not a part of Asia
- a German mapmaker realized the importance of Vespucci’s voyages and named the lands he discovered “America”
- the 1st explorer to reach the Pacific Ocean was a Spaniard named Balboa
- in A.D. 1519, Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was the 1st to sail around the world
![Page 7: Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070420/56815ed7550346895dcd7224/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire
Magellan’s Route
![Page 8: Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070420/56815ed7550346895dcd7224/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire
The Invasion of the Americas
conquistador: Spanish soldiers responsible for conquering & claiming American lands for Spain
- in A.D. 1519, Hernando Cortes set his sights on conquering the Aztec Empire
- Aztec ruler Montezuma II welcomed Cortes, but soon disliked his intentions for working with the Aztec people
![Page 9: Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070420/56815ed7550346895dcd7224/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire
- Montezuma II ruled from the city of Tenochtitlán which was the capital of the Aztec empire
- the Aztec empire was eventually conquered by Cortes in A.D. 1521
![Page 10: Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070420/56815ed7550346895dcd7224/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire
Aztec Capital of Tenochtitlán
![Page 11: Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070420/56815ed7550346895dcd7224/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire
- In A.D. 1531, Francisco Pizarro marched into Peru and conquered the Incas and their leader, Atahualpa
![Page 12: Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070420/56815ed7550346895dcd7224/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire
- the Spanish were able to defeat the Native Americans because of 3 important factors:
1. Diseases brought from Europe (smallpox, typhus, cholera, measles)
2. Superior soldiers & weapons (armor, guns)
3. Alliances with Native Americans who were enemies of the Aztecs & Inca
![Page 13: Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070420/56815ed7550346895dcd7224/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Ch.2, Sec.1 – Spain Claims an Empire
Other Spanish Explorers
- from A.D. 1539 – 1542, Spain sent three expeditions into North America looking for “cities of gold” (El Dorado, Cibola)
- famous explorer, Coronado, traveled through Arizona, Utah, and New Mexico looking for gold