ch3 [read only]
TRANSCRIPT
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UMTSUMTS NETWORK ARCHITECTURENETWORK ARCHITECTUREUMTSUMTS NETWORK ARCHITECTURENETWORK ARCHITECTURE
External
Networks
CS Domain
PS Domain
Entities common
to the CS & PS Domain
GSM BSS
UTRANUE
RANRadio Access Network
CNCore Network
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PSTN
X.25
ISDN
IP
IWF/
TC
GMSC
GGSN
MSC /VLR
SGSN
HLR AUCEIR
TRAU
B
S
C
BTS
R
N
C
BTS
Node B(n x BTS)
R
N
C
Node B(n x BTS)
Node B(n x BTS)
UE
CS Domain
PSDomain
GSM BSS
UTRAN
UMTSUMTS NETWORK ARCHITECTURENETWORK ARCHITECTUREUMTSUMTS NETWORK ARCHITECTURENETWORK ARCHITECTURE
UMTSUMTS NETWORK ARCHITECTURENETWORK ARCHITECTUREUMTSUMTS NETWORK ARCHITECTURENETWORK ARCHITECTURE
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11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Structure of the CN.Structure of the CN.
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11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Circuit Switching DomainCircuit Switching Domain
MSC FunctionMSC FunctionSignaling switching and call routing to or from MS.
Charging.Control of connected RNCs.
One MSC controls more than one RNC.
GMSC FunctionGMSC FunctionAccess to PSTN.
Provides the gateway functionality/Interface
to other networks.
MSC/VLR
11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Circuit Switching DomainCircuit Switching DomainVLR FunctionVLR Function
Associated with MSC
Subscriber Management in MSC area.
Authentication co-ordination.
VLR Data.VLR Data.A temp data base that holding the following information
Services available and restrictions.
Temp subscriber information.TMSI; LAI; triples.etc.
The VLR hold these data for the subscriber included in the
MSC area only.
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Supercharger
Large database
Periodic Auditing
Dynamic subscription data deletation
11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Circuit Switching DomainCircuit Switching Domain
TCTranscoding
&
IWFInterWorking Function
TCTranscoding
BlaBlaBlaBlaBla
Bla
CN function in UMTS:part of MSC or standalone
Conversion of Speech Data (CN RAN):using AMR speech codec
CN: 64 kbit/s (ISDN)
RAN: 4.75 12.2 kbit/s (AMR)
AMR: Adaptive MultiRate
4.75 12.2 kbit/s 64 kbit/s (ISDN)
UTRAN CN
11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Circuit Switching DomainCircuit Switching Domain
VLR
IWF/
TC
TRAU
B
S
C
R
N
C
MSC
Iu(CS)
AB
RANRadio Access
Network
FGs
E
C
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TCTranscoding
&
IWFInterWorking Function
VLR
IWF/
TC
TRAU
BS
C
R
N
C
MSC
Iu(CS)
AB
RANRadio Access
Network
FGs
E
C
Interworking: TDM ATM all classical CN-Interfaces (A-G):TDM based (E1/T1 PCM30/PCM24)
Iu(CS): ATM based
Interworking: TDM ATM all classical CN-Interfaces (A-G):TDM based (E1/T1 PCM30/PCM24)
Iu(CS): ATM based
IWFIWF
11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Circuit Switching DomainCircuit Switching Domain
11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Circuit Switching DomainCircuit Switching Domain
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
cell-based switching technique
ATM exposes properties from both circuit switched and small packet switched
networking
ATM is a core protocol used over the SONET/SDH backbone
ATM uses a connection-oriented model and establishes a virtual circuit between
two endpoints before the actual data exchange begins
5 48
Cell = 53 Byte
if small: high header-to-data overhead
if large: low utilization for small messages
Special switches and routers which is faster can be used as we use fixed length
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11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Register and Service domainRegister and Service domain
HLR FunctionHLR Function
The HLR is a centralized (unique) network database that storesand manages all mobile subscriptions.
IMSI, MSISDN
Services subscribed
Service restrictions (e.g. roaming restrictions)
Parameters for additional services
Authentication data
Temporary information
Current VLR address
Current MSC address
MSRN (if user outside PLMN)
Authentication
- It is a processor system that performs the authentication function
AUC
RAND
Database
IMSI,Ki
A8A3
RAND SRES Kc
Triplet
KiIMSI
Triplet
Request for Triplet
from HLR,VLR
11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Register and Service domainRegister and Service domain
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A3
Ki
A3
KiRAND
VL
R
SRES
=?
SRES
SRES
HLR/AUCM
S
Yes
NoAuthentication Refused"
message
Continueciphering
IMSI
11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Register and Service domainRegister and Service domain
Authentication Center AUC
For a try to take 1usec it needs
10790283070806014188970529.15499 year to get K
11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Register and Service domainRegister and Service domain
A Key of 128 bit is used
One way
Function
K
RANDX
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Authentication Vector AV
RANDRandom Number
128 bit
XRESExpected Response
F2
CKCipher Key
F4
IKIntegrity Key
F3
AUTNAuthentication Token
F1+F5
USIM VLR / SGSN
Authentication Request
[RAND(i), AUTN(i)]
Authentication Response
[RES(i)]User Authentication:
CompareXRES(i) & RES(i)
generate RES(i) =f2(RAND(i),K)
AUTN(i) forNetwork Authentication
randomly generated,
i.e. non-predictable
Used for data
encryptionUsed for
integrity check
consisting of 3 parts
Used for networkauthentication
Used for user
authentication
Receiver
Control Data
Transmitter
provides security against:
unauthorised modification of control data
change of data origin
Control DataEncrypted
check sumControl Data
Encrypted
check sum
IK dependentcheck sum generator
F9
IK
check sum
GeneratorF9
Expected
check sum
Encrypted
check sum
IK
Data Integrity Check
Basic Principle
Equal?
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11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Register and Service domainRegister and Service domain
USSD USSD Unstructured Supplementary ServiceUnstructured Supplementary Service Data GatewayData Gateway
USSD is generally associated with real-timeor instant messaging type phone services.
SMSC is not present in the processing
path).
A USSD Gateway routes USSD messages
from the signaling network to service
applications and back
Media gateway serverMedia gateway server..
This translates media traffic between different
types of network.
Media GatewayMedia Gateway
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11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Register and Service domainRegister and Service domain
Other nodes for the register domain.Other nodes for the register domain.EIR: equipment identity register.
IN: intelligent network.SMSC: short message service center.
SGSN
11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Packet switching domainPacket switching domainSGSN FunctionSGSN Function
Forwards incoming and outgoing IP packets addressed
to/from a mobile station that is attached within the SGSN
service area.
Provides packet routing and transfer to and from the
SGSN service area.
Ciphering and authentication
Mobility management
Output of billing data.
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11--Core Network DomainCore Network Domain
Packet switching domainPacket switching domain
GGSN FunctionGGSN Function
The interface towards the external IPpacket networks.
Acts as a router
Address mapping
Tunneling
Output of billing data.
22. Access Network Domain. Access Network Domain
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22--Acess NetworkAcess Network
RNC functionRNC function
Function of the RNC.Function of the RNC.Control several node Bs/ interface with the core network (MSC/SGSN).
Radio resources management.Admission (access) and congestion control.
Handover and power control (outer loop).
Ciphering/deciphering.
22--Acess NetworkAcess Network
Node B functionNode B functionFunction of the Node B.Function of the Node B.Contains the RF equipment that provide
the radio link in the air interface.
More intelligent than BTS.
Perform spreading/dispreading, channel
coding, also responsible of a part of the
power control (inner loop).
Records and passes to the RNC the Signal
strength measurements
Mapping of Transport channels into
physical channels
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22--Acess NetworkAcess Network
Node B functionNode B function
Quite widely referred to as the driver receiver (DRX). Basically does transmission
and reception of signals
Amplifies the signal from DRX for transmission through antenna; may be integrated
with DRX.
Combines feeds from several DRXs so that they could be sent out through a single
antenna.
For separating sending and receiving signals to/from antenna.
This is also considered a part of the BTS.
Collects working status alarms of various units in the BTS and extends them to
(O&M)
Frequency hopping, signal DSP, etc..
22--Acess NetworkAcess Network
Node B functionNode B function
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Pico Cell
Cells Types
Micro & Macro
Cells
Repeater Cells
Outdoor IndoorStreet LevelIndoor
COW Green FieldRoof Top
MonopolePolesStup tower Tower
22--Acess NetworkAcess Network
Node B functionNode B function
Outdoor repeater:Outdoor repeater:
22--Acess NetworkAcess Network
Node B functionNode B function
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Indoor repeater:Indoor repeater:
22--Acess NetworkAcess Network
Node B functionNode B function
Green filed:Green filed:
Antennas
Equipment
Antennas
Equipment
22--Acess NetworkAcess Network
Node B functionNode B function
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Roof top:Roof top:
Antennas
22--Acess NetworkAcess Network
Node B functionNode B function
COW (Cell on Wheels):COW (Cell on Wheels):
Used as a temporary solution to provide
Coverage or Capacity for certain duration
(Events).
22--Acess NetworkAcess Network
Node B functionNode B function
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Street level:Street level:
22--Acess NetworkAcess Network
Node B functionNode B function
Indoor:Indoor:
22--Acess NetworkAcess Network
Node B functionNode B function
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33-- User Equipment domainUser Equipment domain
Function of the User Equipment domainFunction of the User Equipment domain ..
The end user node; that provide the services/application to the users.The new generation of UMTS phones will combine the advantages of
wireless communication with the demand for multimedia applications
Consists of.
User Terminal.
UMTS Subscriber Identity Module (USIM)
UE
33-- User Equipment domainUser Equipment domain
User TerminalUser TerminalMultimode user equipmentMultimode user equipment
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33-- User Equipment domainUser Equipment domain
User TerminalUser TerminalUSIM function.USIM function.
Stores user addresses
IMSI,TIMSI, rooming, etc
Authentication and encryption features
subscribers secret authentication key (Ki and K)
Security Algorithm & Keys (for Authentication, Ciphering,..).
Personalization
SIM stores user profile (subscribed services)
SMS, short numbers, etc
Protection codes PIN ,PUK
Vodafone CoverageVodafone Coverage
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MobinilMobinil 33G CoverageG Coverage