Presentation to the Ministry of Local Government & Housing

Clean Towns by Diversification & Change of Mindset

Chabuka J. Kawesha (Dr)Private Public Policy Contributor

October 2012

Mahatma Gandhi

“You must be the change you wish to see in the world.”

Are FACTS Creating Fear ?

Fact: 14%-plus unemployment and rising?

Fact: 300,000 – 400,000 youth join ranks of unemployed every year? Even if we deny the figures, the graduate numbers will increase.

Fact: Extreme poverty currently not being reversed at a preferred rate but fearfully on the increase due to rising unemployment? We know what to do.

FACT: Zambia’s population growth translates into graduates year-on-year are outstripping available job opportunities per year.

FACT: Councils large or small are not playing their role in employment creation and are ever claiming to be cash strapped or broke financially? Let’s change their treatment now.

FACT: We are seen to be too bureaucratic & lacking the will to pass change-based decisions in local government by potential FDI investors

The call for jobs is supported by a heavy weight of literature – What are you doing to help ?

Observations /What Public Believes in our Local Government Administration

• Accumulation of wealth and capital (Human & Financial) has been a fraught process, even though national economic conditions have been more favorable over the past 10-15 years.

• An ancient mix of survivalist traits still command our local government economic space hence empirical cracks in delivery.

• Analytical and empirical work based on evolutionary and transformative economic pathways remains a feared approach. Little or No Research & Development.

Observations /What Public Believes in our Local Government Administration

• Our in-house Research and Development (R&D) to seek primacy and influence policy for great and the good has been turned into a collage of relics i.e. focus on debating an archaic administration or market system as opposed to developing new structures and systems in large numbers.

• We favor a form philanthropy (begging from donors) and receiving unsolicited & presumptive sage advise to make ends meet or indeed contribute towards the messianic millennium development goals. Form economic clusters and advance technology transfer.

End of Extreme Poverty – New Green JOBS

Local Government Administration & IndependenceFact: Central Government is micro-managing local government. Thus there has been no green change in our environment. [FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION]Fact: Councils’ efforts to become creative to raise resources and service delivery is seen as one lacking innovation. Let us move from Political to Economic Regulation. CHANGE THE PERCEPTION & TRENDS.Fact: Africa and Zambia in particular are not poor. Its inherent natural wealth is yet to be unlocked, leading many to expect a better future, and there is promise in this direction. Congenital /Genetic in appearance underperformance has been the leitmotif of State management. Vision and objective: Prove that a Local Government for the people and by the people still exists. Allow citizens at Community and Local Council level manage finances for effective service delivery. Government Call: Councils should not seek to be grant aided institutions for eternity. Government should only supplement project funding / financing per year. 1. Energy / Power / Water, Delivery to the Home: Current and/or future costs should be retained by the Council. [Numerous models available for review]. In 2 – 3 years ZESCO should just be a Generation source of power and delivery to the home done by Councils. Same for Water Authorities as a Gatekeeper to Water delivery, etc. Gatekeepers to regulate efficiency, competition, prices, etc.

Model: Central Government resignation of micro-level

Council control methods and approach. Government

should only provide through an SI the expected

organogram to be complied by 100%; to include

electrical engineers, ACCA accountants, lawyers, etc.

Local Government Ministry should only act as a

GATEKEEPER.

Gains to name a few include…

Councils grow to levels of participating in Municipal Bonds.

Councils develop people delivery transport systems, street lighting, Complex refuse control methods, etc.

Council’s Capital base improves and leads to innovation.

Council’s supplement Government efforts in delivery of School books, Renewable energy, etc.,

Council’s begin to compete on standards – Green evolution is born

End of Extreme Poverty – New Green JOBSNew Greenfields Areas To License

Fact: New Greenfields licenses offer new virgin platforms for new jobs

Fact: New Greenfields licenses open up a niche & tertiary market

Vision and objective: Which sectors of the economic with licensed or registered players can taken

on more licenses/players and offer an additional 20,000 – 30,000 in 24 months starting from 2013.

Open ideas for niche areas Government can target for new or more licenses. China’s tertiary

industry is leading in numbers of New green jobs. More than 10m jobs in 2010, 2011

Potential Trend• As a combined force (89 Districts) underlays

the potential to deliver up to 1.2m new Jobs with minimal input from central government.

[Self-belief & District or village collectivization]

The World has demonstrated this through regional economic blocks. Why can’t we do

same by fostering Council blocks for development ?

Potential Areas• Markets and New Market Structure Development• Green Supermarkets & the district agro-revolution• Buses and local transport transformation• New green cities and towns (Green revolution)• Floor cemented or tarred Car and Truck Parks• Science in Garbage management & Paper demand• Recycling factories

‘Our current conventional economic prisms and macro-models barely capture this collage of adaptive competitive interests

and inter-relationships’. Duncan Clarke

City Cleaning & New Green JOBSInner-town Cleaners/Sweepers/Florists [24 hour operation]Fact: Cleaning our own streets and yards appears to be a very very very painful experience.Fact: Cities that were once the pride of this nation in terms of cleanliness e.g. Chingola, Ndola, etc., are today an eyesore. Fact: Great nations use their own human hands more than machinery recreate themselves and the streets of Beijing are a good example.

Government Call: Deliberate release funds and develop a pool of more than 3,000 new green jobs in each district of cleaners running for 18 hours everyday starting at 04:00 hours every morning. Bigger cities like Ndola, Kitwe, Lusaka, Livingstone, etc., can take on more than 5,000 people working in shifts of 6 hours each, spread across the cities.• Government through national budget should plan, budget and buy wheel brawls, bins, etc., in excess of 500,000 and share amongst all districts. Support: Council’s need initial capital from Government to procure bins in bulk.Location: Distribute to all districts [Zambia]New Green Jobs: New Green jobs at mass-labour level which can’t be outsourced. Target a turn over of more 255,000 foot-cleaners equipped a rake, shovel, and other basic cleaning equipment manufactured locally [Reject Foreign-made tools through Procurement Division, unless donor given]. The same foot-cleaners will be responsible for planting and maintaining flowers in all street and work through an outlined schedule of operational area by the Council.Vision and objective: Connect and deploy bins, etc. in all 86-plus districts using the foot-cleaners approach. For 4 years, annually allocate up to ZMK 2 Billion to each district for this initiative to meet monthly salaries K600,000 – K800,000/worker/rank.Councils can also plan other revenue generating initiatives and through by-laws introduce fees for repair and replacement of equipment. Measure will see migration of youth to rural and peri-urban areas to pick up these job opportunities.

Model: Cleanliness comes at a cost. Due to the mass unemployment labour and cost of modern machinery. The foot-cleaner option offers several advantages. Big to small cities and district in the emerging economies are seen utilizing locals in thousands to create unparalleled beauty for their living and working areas.

Funding: Lobby Government to allocate ZMK 155 billion plus towards your own national cleaning initiative and get the mass unemployed involved.

Use a labour intensiveapproach supported by latest technology

Solid Waste ManagementPosition Paper production and promotion in your areas

Fact: Plastic products are damaging our environment and society. Councils are spending billions of Kwacha in clearing garbage of which 80% - 90% is plastic related. We are too poor to retain the situation as currently prevailing in Zambia.Fact: States, some in Africa, America, Australia, etc., have since banned shops, etc., giving out free plastic bags. Any plastic bag sold attracts a high cost and tax from Government. Government Call: 1. Ban issuance of free plastic bags by any retailer immediately.2. Introduce a heavy tax on any plastic bag. [Revenue for State treasury]3. Waiver duty on paper-bag manufacturing equipment and raw materials.Innovation: Production of hand-made plastic bags will evolve and spread in Zambia like a bush fire. Potential export of paper products to the SADC market (250m – 300m people) and the FTA Market (600m people). Encourage MASS Production of Paper packages. New Green Jobs: Each of the 10 provinces will attract thousands of youth (up to 2,000 youth / provinces) into production of paper and reed products thus indirectly help clean Zambia and our environment. * Handmade paper-bag industry will spur and attract more than 30,000 youth. Vision and objective:* Clean country, clean tourist destination & run 24 hours industry * Reduce cost on councils’ service delivery needs* Clean environment, reduce on blocked water drains, Clean rivers and lakes.

As Councils position yourselves for Paper space and host new Large, Medium & Small Paper Factories & Plants

Model: By Statutory Instrument.1. Ban issuance of free plastic bags and introduce tax.2. Waive duty on all simple machinery for manufacturing paper products. [Lobby}

Funding 2013: Nil. Pass Statutory Instrument. Introduction 100% tax increase on plastic bags and Banning issuance of free plastic bags byand all retailers.

Market Revolution – New Green JOBS & Clean streets

Residential Market Structures Fact: It is very embarrassing to hear a foreigner say, these people even borrow money to build market or wait for outsiders to build basic market infrastructure for them, while they are build individual mansions. Fact: Our market structure and management is a sad affair. We have thousand of street vendors and traders lined along ZESCO lines which further exposures them to danger and cancer related illness. Others are along streets, shop corridors, etc.Fact: Some markets are a centre of crime & disease in the midst of genuine traders instead of good general marketing.Government Call: Budget Support: K400Bn for procurement and installation of residential market structures; with simple wooden standsLocation: All districtsNew Green Jobs: Thousand new green jobs, self-employed, which can not be outsourced and in excess of 400,000 can be easily generated; as market trading will become organised, clean, attractive and non-political by virtue of standard settings. Market business can even run from 06hrs – 22 hours if well sheltered hence more money and trading hours.Vision and objective: Improve and support a clean market trading culture in countryPersons in formal employment will pick it as a second job. Councils will have no excuse for poor service delivery across all season.

Innovation: Move all street vendors, roadside traders, etc., into the residential market structures.* Initiative will enhance Tax collection initiatives in the long run.* Overwhelm street traders with market space and legislate against street vending in the long run [2015]

Populate the country with market structure so that street vendors will have no reason to fight over limited market space. Councils / ZRA will equally manage tax issues well.

Create and re-create our book and rich culture. These are materials we have locally and in abundance.

Recommendation 19 of 66: Chabuka J Kawesha

Green Supermarkets & The District Level Agro-Revolution

City Councils (Lusaka, Ndola, Kitwe, Kabwe, Livingstone, Chingola, etc.,) set up Green /

Veggie Shops. Use basic, simple locally provided

steel and wood materials.

Rural Councils set up small agro-holdings to sell

produce to the urban based veggie shops –

fruits (collect Mangoes as well), supply fish, connect

local producers to the veggie shops, etc.,

1. Fact: You own the Land. Innovate with it and open

agro divisions. Think out of the box with regards to Land

area you manage.2. Encourage more councils

to set up veggie shops.3. Self address the problem

on unemployed street youth.4. Increase portfolio of agro

products.5. Help expand the national

Tax Base.

Transport for Revenue – New Green JOBSInner District Transport Networks [24 hour operation]

Fact: Zambia ‘s Public inner–city transport system has become a burden to manage as well as a source and cause of high road carnage. The cost of trips short or long is not commensurate to the service and quality of the road vessels we use. Council or Municipal Transport initiatives can be used to provide sanity and henceforth reduce the cost of public transport & loss of lives on roads in Zambia. But the councils need a one time capital and asset injection.Government Call: Deliberate release and create independence for Councils to raise operational capital using public transport vessels and services. Long-range model.• Government through national budget and procurement system should plan, budget and buy 2,000 Hybrid Buses between 2013 – 2014. Further pass a law i.e. Statutory Instrument: Mandate council fare of K 1,000.00 or K 1,200.00 /trip regards of distance. Bus Fares to be amend by Local Government Ministry. Support: Work with Chinese, Japanese, Korean Governments to deliver objective & obtain some buses as donations. Location: Each district to get minimum 1/2 Bus in 2013. Each of the Cities to get minimum of 6-10 buses in 2013.New Green Jobs: New Green jobs which can’t be outsourced. Target Drivers 2,000 ; Bus inspectors 8,000 [4 per bus]; Indirectly boost maintenance division of each council; Packed to capacity of 100 people, each single round trip will earn the council K100,000/trip at K1,000.00; Payment system: Electronic ticketing at door, weekly or monthly passes bought at council offices or points. Reduces on thefts.We shouldn’t wait for foreigners to deploy buses that can employ more than 10,000+ workers, help reduce the cost of public movement and road carnage. Public transport system has capacity to move 100-plus people with lesser road vessels. Bus public transport is a viable alternative in the absence of a local or inter-city rail tram-system between residential areas; and worker discipline beats private drivers.

Model: Public transport system helps continue high costs of public transport.* Public transport system helps control road carnage because the bus system operates on a Time-Bus system. * Public transport system encourages control and self- regulation among private sector operators

Funding: Jointly lobby for Government to allocate over ZMK 150 billion towards deployment of 2,000 Hybrid BusesCouncils to repay central Government over 10 year period.Each council responsible for insurance and service.

Proposed bus type:

Your Energy Needs – Support Recycling IndustrySolar Farms and Institutional Framework

Fact: Our reliance on Petrol and Diesel, with clear resistance to other sources of energy (in line with the global trend) is too obvious.Fact: Nations (1st and 2nd World) are shifting from heavy reliance on oil to other forms of energy which are cheaper and easier to manage.Fact: Our one and only TAZAMA pipeline is no longer reliable and there is no redundant or alternate pipeline for the country. Very risky status indeed.Council Call: Innovate and sell your areas for potential Power Generation projects. Work in Clusters and jointly market globally and internationally. Innovation: New energy initiative at large scale will help to gradually reduce reliance of hydro-power, reduce deforestation, reduce environmental pollution and promote a green society, etc., All in all stop the damage of our natural capital.New Green Jobs: Solar farms should attract up to 4,500 – 6,000 new green jobs which can not be outsourced.Vision and objective: Government & Councils must lead the way in infrastructure development, no matter how little the resources we have that are available. Market the power output at commercial rates. We must remember that the belief that private investors will always lead the way in such projects is a very long-shot, and no-way near if we don’t start on it ourselves.

Model: 1. GRZ and/or FDI to invest in virgin solar farm and sell output at commercial rates. Allow local private players buy-in / takeover in 18 months. Complete with ZESCO. 2. ERB & Energy Ministry to identify land for Solar farms in 2012. 3. ERB & Energy Ministry to License private solar farm projects

Recommendation 17 of 66: Chabuka J Kawesha

Your Energy Needs – Support Recycling Industry

Wind mill energy and power converted into electricityFact: This energy source remains unused or under-utilized in Zambia.Fact: The centric-focus on hydro-power and oil has taken our focus and options away from investing in other sources of power. The World lead by the far-West and the far-East are fast moving away from energy sources we are embracing whole-heartedly.Council Call: Work in clusters and engage, lobby the Energy Regulation Board (ERB)and Ministry of Energy to license promoters of Wind Mill Farms in Zambia. New Green Jobs: Twelve (12) Wind-Mill farms and related projects should attract up to 12,500 – 15,500 new green jobs which can not be outsourced.Vision and objective: Councils and Government must lead the way in infrastructure development, no matter how little the available resources are at present. Zambia should Market the generated power output at commercial rates. The common belief that private investors will always lead the way in such projects is a very long-shot; not until they find we have started on it already. Lets us:* Reduce reliance on hydro-power and oil & help Deliver cheaper energy and power for rural and peri-urban development* Lead in our own infrastructure deployment and development. Cooperating will compliment later, but lets start it.

Model: Windmill energy medium-sized farms (12) as initial kick off support by Government funding. Innovation: Wind mill technology has evolved well in North America, Canada to be specific. Lets innovate and engage them for technology and knowledge transfer. Technology will evolve to support power needs in all major cities within 5 – 6 years Promote create wind-energy Farms for 2013 going forward

Are Your Residents Reading ?

Public Libraries & the Text Book CrisisFact: New Library developments remains a hidden feature in Zambia.Fact: Lack of text books in schools and those present is a situation short of being declared chronic.Council Call: Councils should aim to set up district libraries in the year 2013.

Target 1 Public library per City and district to go with a minimum 10 and maximum of 15 staff.

Government 2013 Budget Support: K50Bn for procurement of a used or unused house, lockable cabinets, desks and chairs as well as other utilities.Location: All districtsNew Green Jobs: Up to 600 new green jobs which can not be outsourced.Vision and objective: Establish up to 20 new libraries across the country.Improve and support reading culture in countryCouncils, Private Sector, NGOs, to supplement Government effort in Book stocking for each library between 2013 – 2015.

We can not keep on shouting that our reading culture is poor, when we have not put the basic infrastructure in place.

Model: Provincial Libraries / District LibrariesInnovation: E.g. President or Ministers to hold a national day for library book donation / campaign within Zambia.To this Zambians across the entire country should contribute up to 10 million books to be distributed to all new and old libraries every year.

Funding 2013: Invest up to K50 Bn for the procurement of houses for transformation into Libraries in each of Zambia 85-plus districts & book Stocking and re-stocking

Create and re-create our book and rich culture.

Recommendation 9 of 66: Chabuka J Kawesha

Are New Industries Coming to Your AREA ?

Youth Funding & Empowerment ApproachFact: Highly political and a source of political, industry & media ridicule.Fact: Abused, biased in disbursement and a source of corruption and conflict.Government Call: Yes, introduce, but don’t , don’t, don’t, give as cash. Lobby GRZ procure equipment or machinery and give the same to prospective and successful applicants.1. Ministry of Commerce: Procurement and distribution2. Ministry of Youth and Sport & Private Sector through Chambers of Commerce: Identify and submit areas of need to compliment Commerce Ministry efforts.Innovation: Successful applicants to repay Government 50% or more the value of the equipment over a given period [8-10 year] as an incentive from Government, a need to develop responsibility and offer the returns for new applicants. New Green Jobs: Give machinery (household & industrial): More that 15,000 – 25,000 new green jobs per year which can not be out sourced will be created. Change or improve on the lines of machinery issued out every year.Vision and objective: Focus on industry and machinery. Avoid Cash hand-outs. GIVE CASH WE LOSE. GIVE EQUIPMENT…. WE WIN.

Model: Equipment Distribution Model. E.g. Jan – Feb 2013: Paper production industrial-machines [2,000]; i.e. products to include Tissues, Books, Paper-bags, etc. Mar – Apr 2013: Sewing machines [50,000 household & industrial] May – Jun 2013: Block making machines [50,000 industrial] Jul – Aug 2013: Wood-work equipment and tools. [50,000] Sep – Oct 2013: Plastic production industrial-machines [2,000]; i.e. products to include bottles, buckets, etc., for local & export Nov – Dec 2013: Gardening tools, Tractors, etc., [60,000] Shoe making and repair machines [10,000]

Opportunity

• Identify Municipal and Technical relationships

among councils with Zambia.

• Help create a developmental state right from a

local governmental level.

• Push and practice industrialization deliberately our

the nations political & economic convenience.

After a this discussion, avoid• Words such as ‘But, funds are not …’

• Words like ‘However, challenge of funding …’• Phrases like ‘We are not sure funding …’

Be and remain Positive, Innovate through and through.

Gandhi said… YOU MUST BE THE CHANGE YOU WANT TO SEE

This simplified paper with simplified but complex opportunities talks to opportunities of more than 1.1m new green jobs using new markets, local government initiatives, technology, etc., for Zambia to RESET its Industrial

Revolution and job galore.

And the message is simple, if we don’t plan and budget for new green jobs in mass-numbers we’ll miss all revolutions i.e. Industrial, Service, Technological, Scientific, etc., hence remain an gorge of poverty and forever on the brink of

potential strife.

It is we the technocrats who must present to the politicians and indeed to ourselves clinic and forensic ideas; above our economic development

academics on how a dustbin, street broom, tissue-machine, a sewing machine, etc., can create 20,000 jobs a month.

America, Europe and Asia rose from the ashes of the second world war to

become industrial powers using self-design job creation models and largely and amass their own hands..