challenges for trade unions [compatibility mode]
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
1/38
Globalization, Burma, Decent Work, &Challenges for Trade Unions
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
Arum Kumar
ACTRAV
Programmer for Workers Activities international Training Center of
the ILO Turn, Italy
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
2/38
*vdkb,fvkdufaZ;&Sif; (*vdkb,fvkdufaZ;&Sif; (*vdkb,fvkdufaZ;&Sif; (*vdkb,fvkdufaZ;&Sif; (Globalization) / jrefrmEdkifiH/ oifhjrwfaomtvkyfESifh/ jrefrmEdkifiH/ oifhjrwfaomtvkyfESifh/ jrefrmEdkifiH/ oifhjrwfaomtvkyfESifh/ jrefrmEdkifiH/ oifhjrwfaomtvkyfESifh
tvkyform;or*~rsm;twGuf &ifqdkifawG@}uHKae&onfh (pdefactvkyform;or*~rsm;twGuf &ifqdkifawG@}uHKae&onfh (pdefactvkyform;or*~rsm;twGuf &ifqdkifawG@}uHKae&onfh (pdefactvkyform;or*~rsm;twGuf &ifqdkifawG@}uHKae&onfh (pdefac: ) r_rsm;: ) r_rsm;: ) r_rsm;: ) r_rsm;
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
ACTRAV
tvkyform;rsm;v_yf&Sm;aqmif&Gufr_tpDtpOfILO tjynfjynfqdkif&mavhusifhoif=um;a&;Xme/ wl&if+rdK@/ tDwvDEkdifiH tm&l%ful;rm;
Arum Kumar
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
3/38
Globalization?
(Picture)
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
Participants views. . . . .
Picture Source: Kate Raworth, Oxfam presentation on Trade & Human Development,
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
4/38
*vdkb,fvdkufaZ;&Sif;*vdkb,fvdkufaZ;&Sif;*vdkb,fvdkufaZ;&Sif;*vdkb,fvdkufaZ;&Sif;?
(Picture)
f f f f f ff f f f f ff f f f f ff f f f f f
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
G lG lG lG l
Picture Source: Kate Raworth, Oxfam presentation on Trade & Human Development,
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
5/38
Many challenges facing the world & workers today. . .
Food crisis, fuel crisis, water, health care, unemployment, poverty, lack of rights at
work, etc
Since 2008, global economic crisis caused by greed & speculation, de-regulation ofeconomies & of labour markets
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
o a warm ng c ma e c anges a now rea en e very ex s ence o many
countries & millions of people over 20m people displaced by climate disasters in 2008
alone!
How are these challenges being addressed?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
6/38
rsufarSmufumvY urBm}uD;ESifh tvkyform;xkonf rsm;pGmaom pdefac:r_rsm;ukdrsufarSmufumvY urBm}uD;ESifh tvkyform;xkonf rsm;pGmaom pdefac:r_rsm;ukdrsufarSmufumvY urBm}uD;ESifh tvkyform;xkonf rsm;pGmaom pdefac:r_rsm;ukdrsufarSmufumvY urBm}uD;ESifh tvkyform;xkonf rsm;pGmaom pdefac:r_rsm;ukd
&ifqdkif}uHKawG@ae&onf&ifqdkif}uHKawG@ae&onf&ifqdkif}uHKawG@ae&onf&ifqdkif}uHKawG@ae&onf pm;eyf&dyfuQmtcuftcJ/ avmifpmqDtcuftcJ/ a&/ usef;rma&;apmifha&Smufr_/ tvkyfvufrJhqif;&JrGJawr_/ vkyfief;cGifwGif tcGifhta&;rsm;rjynfhpHkr_ ponfjzifh
rw&m;avmb/ ar#mfrSef;wGufqr_/ pD;yGm;a&;ESifh tvkyform;aps;uGufwdk@wGif pnf;rsnf;pnf;urf;rsm;av#mh&Jjcif;
Global warming urBmESifh t0Srf;tylcsdefjrifhwufvmjcif;ESifh &mwDOwktajymif; tvJjzpfvm
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
jcif;wkd@uEkdifiHrsm;ESifh vloef;aygif;rsm;pGmwdk@. &Sifoef&yfwnfr_udk +cdrf;ajcmufvmjcif;/ 2008ckESpftwGif;rSmyif vloef;aygif; 20 ausmfwkd@onf&moDOwkazmufjyefr_ (&moDOwkuyf) a=umifh rl;&if;ae&mudk pGef@cGma&$@ajymif;=u&onf?
TuJhodk@jzpfysufaeonfhpdefacTuJhodk@jzpfysufaeonfhpdefacTuJhodk@jzpfysufaeonfhpdefacTuJhodk@jzpfysufaeonfhpdefac::::r_rsmr_rsmr_rsmr_rsm;;;;udkudkudkudk rnfhuJhodk@udkifwG,fajz&SifrnfhuJhodk@udkifwG,fajz&SifrnfhuJhodk@udkifwG,fajz&SifrnfhuJhodk@udkifwG,fajz&Sif;;;;=urnfenf=urnfenf=urnfenf=urnfenf;;;;????
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
7/38
Unequal World
Richest 20% pocket 86% of the worlds GDP; poorest 20% more 1%
1.3 billion people live on less than one dollar a day;
OECD countries have more than 80% of the world incomes, receive more than 3/4th of
the foreign investment and almost 3/4th of the world trade is between them.
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
Low income countries, including Burma have less than 2%
More competition between Unequals;
[unequal capabilities lead to unequal outcomes]
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
8/38
nDr#r_r&SdaomurBmnDr#r_r&SdaomurBmnDr#r_r&SdaomurBmnDr#r_r&SdaomurBm
uG,f0tcsrf;omqHk;aom vlrsm;. 20 &mcdkifE_ef;onf urBm}uD;. GDP (86) &mckdifE_ef;udk&&Sdae=u +yD;tqif;&JqHk;aom 20 &mcdkifE_ef;onf GDP . (1) &mcdkifE_ef;udkom &&Sdae=uonf?
oef;aygif; 1300 aom vlom;rsm;onf wae@v#if (1) a':vmxufenf;aom aiGa=u;ay:wGif&yfwnf
&Sif oefae=u&onf?
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) [kac:aompD;yGm;a&;yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufr_ESifh zGH@+zdK;wdk;wufr_EdkifiHrsm; tzGJ@tpnf;0ifEdkifiHrsm;onf urBm@0ifaiG. 86
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
&mckdifE_ef; (3) yHk (4)yHkxuf ydkaom EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHr_rsm;udk &&Sd+yD;/ urBmhukefoG,fr_ (3) yHk (4) yHkcef@onf4if;EkdifiHrsm;tcsif;csif; twGif;wGifom vkyfudkifae=uonf?
jrefrmEdkifiHtygt0if 0ifaiGenf;aom EkdifiHrsm;onf 2 &mcdkifE_ef;udkom &&Sd=uonf?
nDr#r_r&Sdaom olwdk@t=um;wGif ,SOf+ydKifr_ ydkrdkjzpfaeonf?
(rnDr#aom vkyfEdkifpGrf;&nfwdk@a=umifh rnDr#aom &v'fudk OD;wnfonf?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
9/38
Current answer to meet the problems
Economic liberalization, Globalization & in general policy belief that markets knowthe best
One size fits all kind of policies:
One markets, free trade, de regulation, completion, free capital flows, FDI ratherthan foreign aid, no performance requirements on FDI, employment flexibility, cut govt
deficit, raise taxes &/ or raise interest rates, privatize, etc
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
Deregulate labour markets flexible labour, pre carious employment
Capital mobility Yes! But no labour mobility
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
10/38
tcuftcJrsm;twGuf vwfwavm tajztcuftcJrsm;twGuf vwfwavm tajztcuftcJrsm;twGuf vwfwavm tajztcuftcJrsm;twGuf vwfwavm tajz
pD;yGm;a&;vGwfvyfcGifhay;jcif;/ urBmt0Srf;vHk;wajy;nDvkyfaqmifjcif; ( Globalization ) ESifh a,bl,svufcH,Hk=unfxm;onfh oabmxm;jzpfonfh aps;uGufonf ta&;}uD;qHk;jzpfonf
rlvoabmxm;tm;vHk;onf wajy;nDjzpf&rnfrlvoabmxm;tm;vHk;onf wajy;nDjzpf&rnfrlvoabmxm;tm;vHk;onf wajy;nDjzpf&rnfrlvoabmxm;tm;vHk;onf wajy;nDjzpf&rnf
wHcg;zGifhaps;uGuf/ vGwfvyfpGmukefoG,fr_/ pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm; jzifhxdef;odrf;r_av#mhusvmjcif;/,SOf+ydKifjcif;/ vGwfvyfpGm rwnfaiGpD;qif;jcif;/ EdkifiHjcm;tultnDxuf EdkifiHjcm;rSwdkuf&dkuf&if;ESD;jrKyfESHjcif;/EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHr_tay:wGif vkdtyfaomowfrSwfcsufrsm; r&Sdjcif;/ ajymif;vGJ&efvG,fulaom
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
tvkyform;iSm;&ef;jcif; (cef@tyfjcif;)/ tpdk;&. vdkaiGjyjcif;udkav#mhcsjcif;/ tcGeftaumufwdk;jrifhjcif;ESifhodk@r[kwf twdk;E_ef;jrifhwifjrif;/ yk*~vduydkifjyKvkyfjcif;/
tvkyform;aps;uGufwGif pnf;rsOf;rsm;csKyfudkifr_avsmhcsjcif;/ tvkyform;cef@tyfxm;a&;wGif
jyKvG,f/ jyifvG,fjzpfjcif;/ tvkyftudkifaocsma&&mr_r&Sdjcif;/ aiGa=u;rwnfr_wGif rlaor&SdbJ ajymif;vJa&G@vsm;r_&Sdonf/ odk@aomf vkyftm;qdkif&mwGifrlworwfwnf; rlaoxm;I ajymif;vJr_rxm;/
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
11/38
Why is world interested in Burma?
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
12/38
rnfhonftwGufa=umifh urBmu jrefrmjynfudk pdwf0ifpm;ovJrnfhonftwGufa=umifh urBmu jrefrmjynfudk pdwf0ifpm;ovJrnfhonftwGufa=umifh urBmu jrefrmjynfudk pdwf0ifpm;ovJrnfhonftwGufa=umifh urBmu jrefrmjynfudk pdwf0ifpm;ovJ
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
13/38
Globalization & Burma
Over 400 companies from about 36 countries have invested in Burma Power, Oil &
Gas, Manufacturing, Mining & Tourism are the main sectors of investment.
Major investing countries: China, Singapore, UK, Thailand, Malaysia, Japan, France,
US & India.
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
Foreign investment since 2000: valued at $13.9 billion (Myanmar InvestmentCommission MIC).
Since 2001, ADB provided US $887 million in projects ( in Ports, Roads & other
infrastructure).
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
14/38
urBmESifhturBmESifhturBmESifhturBmESifht0000Srf; wajy;nDvkyfaqmifr_ESifh jrefrmEkdifiHSrf; wajy;nDvkyfaqmifr_ESifh jrefrmEkdifiHSrf; wajy;nDvkyfaqmifr_ESifh jrefrmEkdifiHSrf; wajy;nDvkyfaqmifr_ESifh jrefrmEkdifiH
EdkifiHaygif; 3 6 E dkifiHrS ukr%Daygif; 400 ausmfwdk@onf pGrf;tifqdkif&m/ a&eHESifh obm0"gwfaiG@/owWKwl;azmfjcif;/ ukefxkwfvkyfjcif;ESifh c&D;oGm;vkyfief; ponfhuwdk@wGif t"duxm;I &if;ESD;jrKyfESHr_rsm;jyKvkyfae=uonf?
t"duEdkifiHrsm;rSm w&kwf/ pifumyl/ t*Fvef/ xdkif;/ rav;&Sm;/ *syef/ jyifopf/ tar&duefjynfaxmifpkESifhtdEd,EdifiHwd zpfuo f?
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
N @
EdkifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHr_ (2000 ckESpfrS pwifI) tar&duefa':vmoef;axmifaygif; 139 &Sdonf? (jrefrm&if;ESD;jrKyfESHr_aumfr&Sif)
ouU&mZf 2001 ckESpfrS pwifI tm&SzGH@+zdK;r_b%frS tar&duefa':vm 877 oef; wefbdk;&Sdaomvkyfief;pDrHuef;twGuf aiGa=u;axmufyHhcJhonf? (qdyfurf;/ vrf;ESifh tjcm;aom vkyfief;rsm;)
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
15/38
Globalization & Burma
Globalization has so far bad news for average Burmese
Privatization & foreign investment difficulties for most workers, for
the environment; lack of rights & forced labour pressure for migration;
Low & declining public investment in education, health care & skills development (
& the lack of basic infrastructure) means that average Burmese population will not
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
benefit for economic opportunities
Can Globalization put pressure for democratic reforms?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
16/38
urBmESifht0Srf; wajy;nDvkyfaqmifr_ESifh jrefrmEdkifiHurBmESifht0Srf; wajy;nDvkyfaqmifr_ESifh jrefrmEdkifiHurBmESifht0Srf; wajy;nDvkyfaqmifr_ESifh jrefrmEdkifiHurBmESifht0Srf; wajy;nDvkyfaqmifr_ESifh jrefrmEdkifiH
urBmESifht0Srf; wajy;nDaqmif&Gufr_onf ,cktcsdeftxdomrmef jrefrmEdkifiHom;rsm;twGufowif;aumif;r[kwfyg?
yk*~vduydkifvkyfjcif;/ EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHr_/ rsm;pGmaom tvkyform;rsm;twGuf/ obm0
ywf0ef;usiftwGuf/ tcGifhta&;&ydkifcGifhrsm; av#mhenf;jcif;ESifh t"rRvkyftm;apcdkif;jcif;/ a&$@ajymif;aexdkifvkyfudkifjcif; jzpfvmatmif wGef;tm;ay;onf?
ynma&;/ usef;rma&;ESifh t&nftaoG; wkd;wufxGef;um;apa&; ponfhwdk@wGif EkdifiHawmf bmaiGudk
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
rKyESHr_ en;y;ci;ESih usqi; ci; taccHusaom taqmuttHkrsm; av#mhen;ci; on omrmejynfolwkd@taejzifh pD;yGm;a&; tcGifhtvrf;udk cHpm;jcif;r&Sd[k qkdEdkifonf?
jrefrmEkdifiHwGi f 'Drdkua&pDjyKjyifajymif;vJr_jzpfxGEf;vm&eftwGuf urBmESifht0Srf; wajy;nDaqmif&Gufr_rS wGEf;tm;ay;Edkifygrnfvm;?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
17/38
Impact of Global Economic Crisis
Increase in global unemployment could go up to 241 million the highest level
ever on record.
Working poor (earning below US $2per person, per day) can go up to 1.4 billion
(45% of the worlds employed)
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
Workers pension funds globally pension funds lost over 5 trillion $ between 2007
& 2008) in some countries where pensions were privatized (ex in Latin America),
they lost more
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
18/38
urBmESifh t0Srf;oufa&mufr_ pD;yGm;a&; c|wf+cHKusr_urBmESifh t0Srf;oufa&mufr_ pD;yGm;a&; c|wf+cHKusr_urBmESifh t0Srf;oufa&mufr_ pD;yGm;a&; c|wf+cHKusr_urBmESifh t0Srf;oufa&mufr_ pD;yGm;a&; c|wf+cHKusr_
urBmESifh t0Srf; tvkyfvufrJhta&twGuf wdk;vmjcif;/ oef;aygif; 241 oef;txd jrifhwufvmEdkifonf?rSwfwrf;topfjzpfonftxd tjrifhrm;qHk;jzpfvmEdkifonf?
csKd@wJhonfh vkyfcESifh tvkyfvkyf=u&onf? ( vlwa,muf wae@vkyfconf tar&duef2 a':vmxuf
enf;yg;onf?) tvkyform;OD;a& oef;axmifaygif; 14 xd jzpfvmEdkifonf? (urBmhtvkyform;OD;a&. 45&mcdkifE_ef;)
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
tvkyformtvkyformtvkyformtvkyform;;;;rsmrsmrsmrsm;.;.;.;. yifpif&efyHkaiGyifpif&efyHkaiGyifpif&efyHkaiGyifpif&efyHkaiG ouU&mZf 2007 ckESpfESifh 2008 ckESpftwGif;wGif urBmvHk;wGif&Sdaom yifpif&efyHkaiGxJrStar&duefa':vm oef;aygif; 5 aomif;ausmfqHk;&_H;cJhonf? tcsKd@EkdifiHwkd@wGifyifpifvpmaiG wdk@udkyk*~vduydkifvkyfvdkufonf (Oyrm? ? vufwiftar&dum;&SdEdkifiHrsm;) 4if;wdk@onf
ydkrdkqHk;&_H;epfepf=uonf?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
19/38
Impact on Asia
Outflow of capital from Asia ( >100 billion $$$ in 2008) what was its impact on
Asian economies, stock markets & currencies?
Impact of recession in western markets on Asian production, economic growth,Remittances, foreign aid, govt revenues
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
Impact of credit squeeze on domestic investments, industry & jobs
Implications for industrial relations (wage cuts, wage freeze, rise in casual unprotected
work, higher work loads, forced unpaid leave, default on social security contributions,
violations of FoA)
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
20/38
tm&Swdkuftay:oufa&mufr_tm&Swdkuftay:oufa&mufr_tm&Swdkuftay:oufa&mufr_tm&Swdkuftay:oufa&mufr_
tm&SrS aiGyifaiG&if;rsm; pD;xGufr_ (ouU&mZf 2008ckESpfwGif tar&duefa':vm oef;aygif; 100)tm&Swkduf. pD;yGm;a&;/ pawmhaps;uGufESifh aiGa=u;rsm;tay: rnfuJhodk@xda&mufr_&SdovJ?
tm&Swkduf. ukefxkwfvkyfr_rsm;/ pD;yGm;a&;zGH@+zdK;r_/ aiGv$Jajymif;ay;ydk@r_ EkdifiHjcm;tultnD/ tpdk;&.tcGef taumufrsm;ty: pD;yGm;a&;usqif;r_uyfESifh }uHKawG@ae&onfh taemufEkdifiH aps;uGufrsm;.owfa&mufr_/
f f f D f H f H f H f f d f f
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
G S S _ k k k S h k k G h _
a&mufr_
tvkyf&Sif tvkyform;qufqHa&;ESifh oufqkdifaomtcsufrsm; (vkyftm;jzwfawmufr_/ vkyftm;cav#mhcsr_/ umuG,fr_r&Sdaom ,m,Dtvkyftudkif/ ydkrdkyifyef;aomtvkyftudkif/ tca=u;aiGr&aom
cGifh&ufjzpfatmif t"rRvkyfaqmifr_/ vlr_a&;yHhydk;r_ay:wGifvSnfhzsm;r_/ vGwfvyfpGmtoif;tyif;zGJ@pnf;cGifh (Freedom of Association ) tm;csKd;azmufr_
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
21/38
Impact of Burma
Burmese economy impacted by slow down in Asia
(Over 70% of Burmese exports go to the Asian region & about 90% of total import
comes from this region Burma China trade accounts for 72% of the total. Thailand
comes next with 16%)
Revenue from natural gas declining as prices of crude oil have fallen under US
$50 a barrel in the world market, Su l of raw ems (rubies, sa hire) reduced
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
Impact on Burmese workers inside Burma? Migrant workers? Impact on women?
Childrens education? Minimum wages? Money sent home?
Response of the Burmese Govt?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
22/38
jrefrmEkdifiHtay: oufa&mufr_jrefrmEkdifiHtay: oufa&mufr_jrefrmEkdifiHtay: oufa&mufr_jrefrmEkdifiHtay: oufa&mufr_
jrefrmEdkifiHpD;yGm;a&;tay: tm&SpD;yGm;a&;usqif;r_ oufa&mufjcif; (jrefrmEkdifiHrSxkwfukef ypPnf;rsm;. 70 &mcdkifE_ef; ausmfausmfonftm&Sa'otwGif;odk@wifydk@+yD;/ jrefrmEdkifiHokd@wifoGif;onfh 90&mcdkifE_ef;aom ukefypPnf;rsm;rSmTa'owGif;rS xkwfukefrsm;jzpfonf? jrefrmESifh w&kwfukefoG,fr_onf 72 &mcdkifE_ef;cef@&Sd+yD;/ xdkif;EdkifiHESifh 16 &mcdkifE_ef;&Sdonf?)
obm0"gwfaiG@rS&&Sdonfh tcGefaiGrsm;av#mhusjcif;? ? urBmhaps;uGufwGif a&eHpdrf;onf wpnfv#iftar&duef a':vm 50xuf av#mhusvmonf? &wemt=urf;xnfrsm; (ywWjrm;/ eDvm)
f f f
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
_
jrefrmEdkifiHjyify&SdjrefrmEkdifiHom;tvkyform;rsm;tay:rnfokd@oufa&mufr_&Sdygovnf;trsKd;orD;rsm;tay:/ uav;oli,frsm;. ynma&;tay:/ tedrfhqHk;vkyftm;ctay:/ rdom;pkxHjyefvnfI aiGa=u;ay;ydk@Ekdifygovm;?
jrefrmtpdk;&. wkef@jyefvkyfaqmifr_
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
23/38
So, what should be done?
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
24/38
udkif;udkif;udkif;udkif;! bmvkyf=urvJbmvkyf=urvJbmvkyf=urvJbmvkyf=urvJ?
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
25/38
Union view
End deregulation of employment market & ensure respect for fundamental rights of
workers (FOA & CB rights)
Regulate financial markets so that these serve the objectives of real economy
Ensure basic social security for all (since this minimizes impact of economic crisis
& assists in improving effectiveness of recovery packages)
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
Policies to eliminate tax havens, tax evasion, transfer pricing & currency transaction
tax to dampen speculation.
What else? ? ?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
26/38
tvkyform;or*~tjriftvkyform;or*~tjriftvkyform;or*~tjriftvkyform;or*~tjrif
tvkyftukdifcef@xm;a&;ESifh ywfowfonfhpnf;rsOf;pnf;rsm;yaysmufa&;/ tvkyform;or*~rsm;.tajccHtcGifh ta&;udkav;pm;vdkufemapa&;twGuftmrcHEdkif&ef ( vGwfvyfpGm toif;tyif;rsm;zGJ@pnf;cGifhFreedom of Association ESifh pkaygif;ndE_dif;ta&;qdkykdifcGifh Collective Bargaining )
bma&;&mESifh ywfoufaom pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;owfrSwfjcif;/ Todk@rSom ppfrSefonfh pD;yGm;a&;twGuf &nfrSef;csufrsm;twGuf tusKd;jyKaqmif&GufEdkifrnfjzpfonf?
vwdif;twuf taccHuo f vrzvHa ;udtmrcHay; f pD;ym;a ;tuyftw f;uHr.
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
h
oufa&mufr_tm; av#mhenf;apjcif;ESifh pD;yGm;a&;jyefvnf emvefxlvmEdkifa&;twGuf tpDtpOfrsm;tm;xda&mufpGm taxmuftuljzpfaponf?)
tcGeftaumufrsm;uif;vGwfjcif;/ tcGeftaumufrsm;ay;&ef a&Smif&Sm;jcif;/ aiGa=u;ykd@aqmifr_
wefbdk;owfrSwfjcif;/ aiGa=u;v$Jajymif;r_qdkif&m tcGeftcrsm;qdkif&m pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm; owfrSwfIpdwful;,Of ar#mfrSef;csufrsm; av#mhyg;ap&ef?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
27/38
ILO Approach
Tripartite dialogue with social partners to develop policy responses at national
level & international level to address the economic & social crisis.
Pre-condition for effective social dialogue: ? ? ?
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
Global Jobs Pact promote economic recovery thru opportunities for decent work
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
28/38
ILO .csOf;uyfr_.csOf;uyfr_.csOf;uyfr_.csOf;uyfr_
vlr_a&vlr_a&vlr_a&vlr_a&;;;;twGuftwGuftwGuftwGuf vkyfazmfudkifbufrsmvkyfazmfudkifbufrsmvkyfazmfudkifbufrsmvkyfazmfudkifbufrsm;;;; ((((social partners)))) oHkoHkoHkoHk;;;;yGifhqdkifyGifhqdkifyGifhqdkifyGifhqdkif aqGaqGaqGaqG;;;;aEGaEGaEGaEG;;;;ndE_difndE_difndE_difndE_dif;;;;r_rsmr_rsmr_rsmr_rsm;;;;???? ????pD;yGm;a&;ESifh vlr_a&;tcuftcJwdk@tm; EdkifiHqdkifESifh tjynfjynfqdkif&m tqifhqifhwdk@wGifudkifwG,f
ajz&Sif;a&;twGuf rl0g'rsm; jyifqifa&;om;jcif;?
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
vlr_a&;qki&m aqG;aEG;nE_i;a&;twGu uKwiowrSwcsursm;vkyovm;? ? ?
urBmvHk;qdkif&m tvkyftudkif oabmwlnDr_pmcsKyf? ? oifhjrwfaomtvkyftudkiftwGuf
tcGifhta&;rsm;rS wqifh pD;yGm;a&;emvefxlum jyefvnfOD;armhvma&;twGuf tm;ay;jrifhwif&ef?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
29/38
ILOs Global Jobs Pact
Framework for national & international policies aimed at:
A global economic recovery with job creation and the provision of social protection to
working people and their families at its core;
Stronger regulatory framework for the financial sector;
Efficient and well regulated trade and market;
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
Policy options identified include:
Employment incentive public investment;
Special employment programmers
Support for enterprises
Broadening social protection and minimum wages
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
30/38
ILO urBmvHk;qdkif&m tvkyftudkif oabmwlnDr_pmcsKyfurBmvHk;qdkif&m tvkyftudkif oabmwlnDr_pmcsKyfurBmvHk;qdkif&m tvkyftudkif oabmwlnDr_pmcsKyfurBmvHk;qdkif&m tvkyftudkif oabmwlnDr_pmcsKyf
trsKd;om;a&;qdkif&mESifh tjynfjynfqdkif&m rl0g'rsm;twGuf owfrSwfcsuftrsKd;om;a&;qdkif&mESifh tjynfjynfqdkif&m rl0g'rsm;twGuf owfrSwfcsuftrsKd;om;a&;qdkif&mESifh tjynfjynfqdkif&m rl0g'rsm;twGuf owfrSwfcsuftrsKd;om;a&;qdkif&mESifh tjynfjynfqdkif&m rl0g'rsm;twGuf owfrSwfcsuf
tvkyftudkifrsm;zefwD;azmfxkwfay;jcif;/ tvkyfvkyfaomjynfolrsm;ESifh 4if;wkd@. rdom;pkrsm;twGuftajccHusaom vlr_a&;qdkif&mumuG,ay;r_rsm; jznfhqnf;ay;jcif;?
bma&;qdkif&m uwGif xda&mufaompnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm; owfrSwf&ef?
ukefoG,fr_ESifh aps;uGufqdkif&mwdk@wGif xda&mufI aumif;rGefpGmcsrSwfxm;onfh pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;owfrwf f?
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
S
rl0g'rsm;owfrSwf&mwGif atmufygtcsufrsm; yg0ifoifhonfrl0g'rsm;owfrSwf&mwGif atmufygtcsufrsm; yg0ifoifhonfrl0g'rsm;owfrSwf&mwGif atmufygtcsufrsm; yg0ifoifhonfrl0g'rsm;owfrSwf&mwGif atmufygtcsufrsm; yg0ifoifhonf
tvkyftudkif ae&mcsxm;a&;qdkif&mudk apmif;ay;EdkifaomEdkifiH/ &if;ESD;jrKyfESHr_?
tvkyftudkif ae&mcsxm;a&;qdkif&m txl;tpDtpOfrsm;?
vkyfief;qkdif&mrsm;tm; taxmuftyHhay;&ef?
vlr_a&;qdkif&m umuG,fay;r_rsm;ay;jcif;ESifh tedrfhqHk;vkyfcvpmrsm; owfrSwfjcif;rsm;udk wkd;csJ@ay;&ef?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
31/38
At least one lesson for Asia
Over dependence on exports & western markets
Almost 60% of final demand for Asian goods comes from developed countries. Exports
account for about 47% of developing Asias output
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
expansion of domestic markets this implies Decent Work & respect for fundamentallabour standards.
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
32/38
tm&StwGuf tedrfhqHk;aom oifcef;pm w&yftm&StwGuf tedrfhqHk;aom oifcef;pm w&yftm&StwGuf tedrfhqHk;aom oifcef;pm w&yftm&StwGuf tedrfhqHk;aom oifcef;pm w&yf
EkdifiHjcm;odk@wifydk@a&mif;csr_ESifh taemufwdkif;aps;uGuftm; tvGeftu|H trSDo[JjyKjcif;?tm&SrS vdktyfaomukefypPnf;rsm; &mcdkifE_ef; 60 cef@onf wkd;wufzGH@+zdK;aomEdkifiHrsm;rSwifoGif;jcif; 47 &mckdifE_ef;onf tm&SrS zGH@+zdK;qJEdkifiHrsm;. xGufukefjzpfonf?
a'owGif; pD;yGm;a&;ESifh vlr_a&;qdkif&m wnf+idrfa&;twGuf tm&SEkdifiHrsm;onf zGH@+zdK;a&;ESifh
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
jynfwGif; aps;uGuf (a'oaps;uGuf) csJ@xGuf&ef/ Ttcsufonfoifhjrwfaomtvkyftukdif fqdkif&mESifh tvkyform;[email protected]&;rsm;udkav;pm;a&;twGuftrSDo[JjyKonf?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
33/38
Negotiating Change. . .
What is the floor that should underpin every economy?
Core labour standards of the ILO
Freedom of Association the right to form unions, the rights to recognition
Right to Collective Bargaining
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
oc a rotect on as c soc a secur ty
Access to skills training
Minimum living wages
No discrimination, No child labour
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
34/38
ajymif;vJvmaom ndE_dif;r_ajymif;vJvmaom ndE_dif;r_ajymif;vJvmaom ndE_dif;r_ajymif;vJvmaom ndE_dif;r_
tm;vHk;aom pD;yGm;a&; tm;aumif;vmap&eftwGuf tajccHusaom
ILO .tajccHusaom pHE_ef;rsm; Core labour standards of the ILO
vGwfvyfpGmtoif;tyif;rsm;zGJ@pnf;cGifh/ tvkyform;or*~rsm;zGJ@pnf;cGifh/ todtrSwfjyKydkifcGifh
pkaygif;ndEd_if;ta&;qdkydkifcGifh
vlr_qdkif&m umuG,fa&; (tajccHusaom vHk+cHKa&;ESifh vkyfief;cGif usef;rma&;ESifh ab;tE W&m,f
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
uif;a&;) t&nftaoG;qdkif&m oifwef;rsm; wufa&mufEdkifa&;
&Sifoefaexdkifa&;twGuf tedrfhqHk;vkyfvpm
ESdrfhcs cGJjcm;qufqHr_r&Sda&;/ uav;oli,f vkyftm;r&Sda&;
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
35/38
Why Labour Standards?
Labour Standards are not just a question of workers rights BUT are also means to
promote sustainable economic growth
Labour Standards create conditions for growth of domestic markets in so for as they
enable sharing in gains of growth & spread of purchasing powers and thereby
ameliorate poverty conditions this makes domestic economic growth more
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
.
Labour standards promote Occupational Safety, Health and Environment protection
Globle Economic Crisis & Climate crisis is an opportunity to re-think development
model but will this happen?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
36/38
tvkyform;rsm;twGuf pHE_ef;qdkwmbmvJtvkyform;rsm;twGuf pHE_ef;qdkwmbmvJtvkyform;rsm;twGuf pHE_ef;qdkwmbmvJtvkyform;rsm;twGuf pHE_ef;qdkwmbmvJ
tvkyform;pHE_ef;qdkonfrSm tvkyform;rsm;twGuftcGifhta&;qdkif&momrubJcHEdkif&nf&SdaompD;yGm;a&;zGH@+zdK;r_qdkif&mtm; jrifhwifay;&ef?
jynfwGif;aps;uGuf zGH@+zdK;vmjcif;rS 0,fvdktm;zGH@+zdK;jcif;ESifhus,fjyef@vmjcif;wkd@twGuf tvkyform;pHE_ef; rsm;rS zefwD;ay;onf?
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
tvkyform;pHE_ef;rsm;onf vkyfief;cGif ab;uif;vHk+cHKa&;ESifh usef;rma&;/ywf0ef;usifumuG,fa&;wdk@twGuf jrifhwifay;onf?
urBmhpD;yGm;a&;tusyftwnf;ESifh &moDOwkjy\em wkd@onf zGH@+zdK;wdk;wufap&eftwGuf pxm;I
jyefvnfawG;ac:&eftwGuf tcGifhta&;yifjzpfonf? wu,fyifjzpfvmrnfvm;?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
37/38
Group Discussion/Work
What major changes in economic, political & labour policies has Burmese Govt made
in recent years?
How has foreign investment & international campaign against Burmese junta affected
workers in your country?
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
What has been the response of the workers and trade unions in Burma?
What role can the International Trade Union Movement play in assisting national
unions to meet the challenges in Burma?
-
8/2/2019 Challenges for Trade Unions [Compatibility Mode]
38/38
tkyfpkvdkufaqG;aEG;vkyfudkifjcif;tkyfpkvdkufaqG;aEG;vkyfudkifjcif;tkyfpkvdkufaqG;aEG;vkyfudkifjcif;tkyfpkvdkufaqG;aEG;vkyfudkifjcif;
r=umjrifhrD tcsdefumvrsm;wGif jrefrmtpdk;&taejzifh pD;yGm;a&;/ EdkifiHa&;/ tvkyform;a&;qdkif&mwdk@ twGufrl0g'ta&;ygaom ajymif;vJr_rsm; bmawGvkyfygovJ?
EdkifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHr_ESifh jrefrmppftpdk;&tm; EkdifiHwumrS zdtm;ay;vkyfaqmifr_rsm;onf jrefrmEkdifiHwGif;&Sd tvkyform;rsm;udk xdcdkufr_&Sdygovm;?
Federation of Trade Unions-Burma
jrefrmEdkifiHwGif;&Sd tvkyform;rsm;ESifh tvkorm;or*~taejzifh rnfodk@wkef@jyefr_rsm;vkyfcJhygovJ?
jrefrmEkdifiHtvkyform;or*~rsm;taejzifh Tpdefac:r_rsm;udk &ifqdkifEkdif&eftwGuf EdkifiHwumutvkyform;or*~ v_yf&Sm;r_taejzifh rnfuJhodk@taxmuftuljyKEdkifrnfenf;?