change :: resilience :: fhwa perspectives · change :: resilience :: fhwa perspectives a...
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Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration
Future Interstate Study Change :: Resilience :: FHWA perspectives
A Presentation by
Joe Krolak, P.E. Principal Hydraulic Engineer
FHWA Washington DC
27 March 2017
Listening Session
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• Where Are We? • Quick Current Snapshot
• How Did We Get Here? • Milestones & Lessons
• A System of Change • Beyond Status Quo
• Conclusions & Takeaways
FHWA, Change, & Resilience
Interstates :: Overview
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Interstates :: Our Partners
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• Count: 57,309 • Rural: 25,176 • Urban: 32,133 • Over Water: 22,973
• Averages • Year Built: 1973 (44 years) • Reconstructed : 1993 (24 years) • Traffic Lanes: 3 • Daily Traffic: 36,540 vehicles • % Trucks: 17%
Bridges :: A Microcosm of a System
Interstates :: Where We Are – A Quick Snapshot …
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2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
Number of Interstate Bridges Built and Reconstructed
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Source: 2016 NBI
614,387 Bridges 509,358 over water
57,309 Interstate 22,973 over water
Interstates :: Bridges over Time …
Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration
Interstates :: How Did We Get Here?
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Presidential terms and some milestones on our journey …
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Interstates :: Change
A Federal Design Standard Designs for all Interstate culverts and bridges over streams shall … accommodate floods at least as great as that for a 50-year frequency or the greatest flood of record, whichever is the greater, with the runoff based on the land development expected in the watershed 20 years hence ....”
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Policy and Procedure Memorandum 20-4 Bureau of Public Roads
August 10,1956
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Interstates :: Uncertainty
1 April 1962 :: I-29 Bridge on Big Sioux River
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National Bridge Inspection Standards
Interstates :: Safety
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1974 :: FHWA Floodplain Regulation
Interstates :: Risk
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1977 :: Executive Order 11988
Interstates :: Integrating NEPA & Floodplains
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I-90 – Schoharie Creek - Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act
Interstates :: Not Done Yet!
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I-5 – 1994 Northridge Earthquake
Efficiency Act of 1991
Interstates :: Ending an Era
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Example: Floodplains & Transportation
Interstates :: Status Quo
• Part of Planning Process • Alignment with NEPA on
projects • 200,000 Bridges built using
floodplain regulation • Informs Construction,
Maintenance, and ER activities
• Integrated in State DOT & AASHTO approaches
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Aging Infrastructure & Natural Events
Interstates :: End of Status Quo?
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2003-2004-2005 :: Coastal Storm Events
Interstates :: Resilience to Coastal Events
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2008
Outcomes :: Coastal Studies & Guidance
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I-35W – Mississippi River (2007)
Interstates :: Managing Assets & Risk
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I-40 – Rockslide (2009)
Interstates :: GeoHazards
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I-20 – Iowa Flooding (2011)
Interstates :: Pavements
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Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century
Interstates :: An Imperative for Change
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FHWA Responses :: Policy
• FHWA Order 5520 Transportation System Preparedness and Resilience to Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events
• Defines & places context of “Extreme Events”
• FHWA decides what are appropriate scientific approaches
• FHWA “Eligibility Memo”
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FHWA Response :: Looking at Project Delivery
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Goal: Mainstream consideration of risk, resilience, and future conditions in transportation decision making
Planning • Long Range
Transportation Plans
• Asset Management Plans
Project Level • Environmental
Processes • Engineering • Design
Operations and Maintenance • Emergency Relief • Snow Removal
Programs
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Resolution map: Warren Washington, NCAR http://scied.ucar.edu/longcontent/climate-modeling
Resolutions T42: 120 x 180 miles Mid-1990’s T85: 60 x 90 miles Current T170 & T340 Future
not to scale
While advancing in complexity, global climate models currently lack required fidelity needed by engineers
FHWA Response: Understanding Science (and limits)
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2011 2013 2014 2015 2016
FHWA Response :: Studies, Pilots, & Case Studies
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FHWA Response :: New Technical Resources
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EDC-4 – Collaborative Hydraulics: Advancing to the Next Generation of Engineering
FHWA Response :: Encourage New Technologies
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Interstates :: What’s Next?
Make it resilient!
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Support :: Future Interstate Study activities
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Outreach :: Engage our Partners!
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Focus :: Direction from Leadership!
Photo Source: WhiteHouse.gov
New Administration, new Opportunities
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Questions?