changes in state
DESCRIPTION
Changes in State. Vapor Pressure observation definition temperature dependence Changes in State enthalpies heating curves Phase Diagrams special points examples. Vapor Pressure. Dfns. pres. of vapor present above a (l) or (s) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Changes in Stateo Vapor Pressure
▫ observation▫ definition▫ temperature dependence
o Changes in State▫ enthalpies▫ heating curves
o Phase Diagrams▫ special points ▫ examples
CTR
HP vapvap
1)ln(
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Vapor Pressureo Dfns.
▫ pres. of vapor present above a (l) or (s)
▫ Hvap energy to convert 1 mole liquid to gas at 1 atm
o Eq. Vapor Pressure▫ rate of evaporation =
rate of condensationo Measuring Pvapor
▫ Hg columnPvapor = Patm – PHg column
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Temperature Dependence
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Temperature Dependence
CTR
HP vapvap
1)ln(
R = 8.3145 J/mol•KT = temperature (K)C = const. related to S
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Changes in State: Heating Curve
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Changes in State: Heating Curve
condensation
evaporation
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Changes in State: Heating Curve
condensation
evaporation
melting
freezing
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Changes in State: Heating Curve
condensation
evaporation
melting
freezing enthalpy of vaporization
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Changes in State: Heating Curve
condensation
evaporation
melting
freezing enthalpy of vaporization
enthalpy of fusion
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Phase Diagramso Represents the
phases of a material at various T and P in a closed system
o Experiments▫ 1: T at P = 1 atm
http://cwx.prenhall.com/petrucci/medialib/media_portfolio/text_images/FG13_18.JPG
Iodine
(546 C)
(0.118 atm)
1
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Phase Diagramso Represents the
phases of a material at various T and P in a closed system
o Experiments▫ 1: T at P = 1 atm▫ 2: T at P = 0.01 atm
http://cwx.prenhall.com/petrucci/medialib/media_portfolio/text_images/FG13_18.JPG
Iodine
(546 C)
(0.118 atm)
2
1
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Phase Diagramso Represents the
phases of a material at various T and P in a closed system
o Experiments▫ 1: T at P = 1 atm▫ 2: T at P = 0.01 atm▫ 3: T at P = 0.118 atm
http://cwx.prenhall.com/petrucci/medialib/media_portfolio/text_images/FG13_18.JPG
Iodine
(546 C)
(0.118 atm)32
1
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Phase Diagramso Represents the
phases of a material at various T and P in a closed system
o Experiments▫ 1: T at P = 1 atm▫ 2: T at P = 0.01 atm▫ 3: T at P = 0.118 atm▫ 4: T at P = 1 atm
http://cwx.prenhall.com/petrucci/medialib/media_portfolio/text_images/FG13_18.JPG
Iodine
(546 C)
(0.118 atm)32
1
4
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Phase Diagramso Represents the
phases of a material at various T and P in a closed system
o Experiments▫ 1: T at P = 1 atm▫ 2: T at P = 0.01 atm▫ 3: T at P = 0.118 atm▫ 4: T at P = 1 atm▫ 5: P at T = 100. C
http://cwx.prenhall.com/petrucci/medialib/media_portfolio/text_images/FG13_18.JPG
Iodine
(546 C)
(0.118 atm)32
1
4
5
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Phase Diagramso Represents the
phases of a material at various T and P in a closed system
o Experiments▫ 1: T at P = 1 atm▫ 2: T at P = 0.01 atm▫ 3: T at P = 0.118 atm▫ 4: T at P = 1 atm▫ 5: P at T = 100. C▫ 6: P at T = 150. C
http://cwx.prenhall.com/petrucci/medialib/media_portfolio/text_images/FG13_18.JPG
Iodine
(546 C)
(0.118 atm)32
1
4
5 6
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Phase Diagrams: Water
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Phase Diagrams: Water